“Sergej Ingr”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Sergej Ingr

释义

Early life
First World War
Between wars
Second World War
Post-war
Decorations
References
External links

{{Infobox Officeholder
|name = Sergěj Ingr
|image = Sergej Ingr v roce 1940.jpg
|caption = (Photograph taken onboard the Polish Navy submarine ORP Wilk (Wolf).)
|office = Minister of National Defense of Czechoslovakia
|term_start = 21 July 1940
|term_end = 19 September 1944
|predecessor = Jan Syrový
|successor = Jan Masaryk
|birth_date={{flagicon|Austria-Hungary}} {{Birth date|1894|09|02|df=y}}
|death_date={{flagicon|France}} {{Death date and age|1956|06|17|1894|09|02|df=y}}
|birth_place=Vlkoš, Margraviate of Moravia, Austria-Hungary
|death_place=Paris, France
| nationality= Czech
|signature =
|branch= Austro-Hungarian Army
Serbian Army
Czechoslovak Legions
Czechoslovak Army
|rank= Sergeant (Austria-Hungary)
General (Czechoslovakia)
|serviceyears= 1913 - 1915 (Austria-Hungary)
1915 - 1916 (Serbia)
1916 - 1945 (Czechoslovakia)
|}}Jan Sergej Ingr (2 September 1894 - 17 June 1956) was a Czechoslovak Army four star general and the Minister of National Defense in the Czechoslovak government-in-exile during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.^[1]

Early life

Ingr was born in Vlkoš in the Margraviate of Moravia (present-day Czech Republic) in 1894 to his father Jan, mayor of the municipality. He had four brothers and three sisters. He was studying on the gymnasium in Kyjov and in 1913 he became a member of the cadet school in Královo Pole.

First World War

After the outbreak of the First World War he went as a Sergeant to Eastern Front. In fall of 1915 he was captured by Russians in Caricyn. He then joined 1st Serbian Voluntary Division and fought against the Bulgarian soldiers in Dobruja. In 1916 he moved to the 2nd Artillery Regiment of George of Poděbrady in rank of Lieutenant and joined the famous Czechoslovak Legions. He also adopted the name Sergěj and became a member of Eastern Orthodox Church. In 1917 he also fought in France, in 1918 he took part in battles in Ardennes and in Foligno. At the end of the war he was a Captain and was able to speak in five foreign languages (German, Russian, Serbian, French and Italian).^[2]

Between wars

In December 1918 he returned to Czechoslovakia to battle the Hungarians, who were claiming a part of Czechoslovak territory, as a part of Hungarian–Romanian War of 1919. After the successful fights, he moved to Cieszyn Silesia and helped the army to solute the problems with Poland.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} He won{{clarify|date=March 2018}} in Jablunkov, as well as in Třinec and was promoted to Major. During the mobilization in 1938 he was already a Brigadier General and deputy commander of the 3rd Czechoslovak Army Corps.

Second World War

According to call of president Edvard Beneš, Ingr moved to exile in France. In Paris, he established an Army Office and started to organize Czechoslovak troops in town of Agde, becoming Commander of the Czechoslovak Army in France. In 1940 he and his 11,405 voluntaries took part in Battle of France in fights on Marne, Seine and Loire. After the establishment of Czechoslovak government-in-exile in London, Ingr became the Minister of National Defense. In 1944, after the intervention of Communists, he had to be removed from office, but was instead appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Czechoslovak Armed Forces.

Post-war

On 6 July 1945 Ingr was promoted to full General and retired, becoming his country's ambassador in The Hague. In 1949 he established The Council of Free Czechoslovakia as the attempt to reestablish the democracy in Czechoslovakia after the Communist's victory. He died in 1956 on heart failure.

Decorations

Awarded by Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovak War Cross, three tilia sprouts (1919)
Czechoslovak War Cross (1940, 1945)
Milan Rastislav Stefanik Order (1991)
Czechoslovak Revolution Medal (1919)
Allied Victory Medal (1919)
Medal of Distinguished Service, 1st class (1944)
Medal of Valor (1945)
Memorial Medal of Czechoslovak Foreign Army (1944)
Commemorative medal of the Battle of Zborov (1947)
Commemorative medal of the second national resistance (1947)
The Commemorative Medal of the 2nd Shooting Regiment "Jiri z Podebrad" (1947)

Awarded by France

Légion d'honneur, Grand Officier (1950)
Légion d'honneur, Commandeur (1947)
Légion d'honneur, Officier (1940)
Légion d'honneur, Chevalier [Knight] (1926)
Médaille des services militaires volontaires (1928)

Awarded by Great Britain

Order of the Bath, Knight Commander (1947)
1939–45 Star (1945)
Defence Medal (1945)
War Medal 1939–1945 (1945)

Awarded by Greece

Order of the Redeemer, Grand Commander (1932)

Awarded by Italy

Allied Victory Medal, (1928)
Commemorative Medal of the Unity of Italy, (1930)

Awarded by the Netherlands

Order of Orange-Nassau, Commander (1949)

Awarded by Norway

Order of St. Olav, Commander (1949)

Awarded by Poland

Order of Polonia Restituta, Grand Cross (1941)

Awarded by Romania

Order of the Star of Romania, Commander (1930)

Awarded by Russia

Order of Saint Stanislaus, 3rd class (1917)

Awarded by USA

Legion of Merit, Commander (1945)

Awarded by Yugoslavia

Order of White Eagle, Officer's Cross (1936)
Order of White Eagle, Knight's Cross (1930)
Order of the Yugoslav Crown, Second Class (1941)
Order of St. Sava, Commander
Albanian Commemorative Medal (1923)

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.militarymuzeum.cz/zivotopis-gen-ingr.php |title=Military Muzeum - Podrobný Životopis Armádního Generála Sergěje Jana Ingra |publisher=Militarymuzeum.cz |date= |accessdate=2012-02-25}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fronta.cz/dotaz/sergej-ingr |title=Sergěj Ingr |publisher=Fronta.cz |date=2006-12-15 |accessdate=2012-02-25}}

External links

{{cs icon}} Ingr na totalita.cz Profile on totalita.cz
{{cs icon}} Stránky muzea věnovaného Ingrovi Museum of Sergej Ingr

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