“Shapsug Reservoir”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Shapsug Reservoir, also known as the Shapsugskoye Reservoir ({{lang-ru|Шапсу́гское водохрани́лище}}) is a deactivated^[1] reservoir in Takhtamukaysky District of the Republic of Adygea, Russia, located {{convert|3|km|sp=us}} southwest of Krasnodar.^[2]

It was built between 1940^[3] and 1952^[4] on the left bank of the Kuban River valley, at the mouth of the Afips River as a part of rice irrigation system^[4] and was important to the economy of Krasnodar Krai of Russia. It was named after the Shapsugs—a tribe which has inhabited the area for thousands of years—and is considered a part of historical Shapsugia, which was a part of historical Circassia. With the area of {{convert|46|km2|sp=us}}, the reservoir has a rounded shape, with the length of {{convert|9|km|sp=us}}, the width of {{convert|8|km|sp=us}}, and an average depth of {{convert|3.5|m|sp=us}}. In the southeast there is a small bay. Together with Tshchik Reservoir, they have a combined capacity of {{convert|520000000|m3|sp=us}}, which made it one of the largest irrigation schemes in the northern part of the Caucasus.^[5] The flood water from the reservoir is actively used for crop irrigation. The bottom is subject to severe siltation, and due to pesticides and fertilizers discharged from rice farming, fish kills have occurred in the reservoir, and also in the Krasnodar and Kryukov Reservoirs.^[6]

In 2007, reconstruction of the reservoir was started. The cost of the project on reconstruction was estimated at about 1.8 billion rubles, but later rose to 2.4 billion.^[7] The reconstruction was scheduled to be completed in 2015,^[8] two years later than initially scheduled.^[9]

References

1. ^{{cite book|author=Maria do Carmo Sobral|title=Reservoir and River Basin Management: Exchange and Experiences from Brazil, Portugal and Germany|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l1WvZ4e_0IEC&pg=PA172|accessdate=29 May 2012|year=2007|publisher=Univerlagtuberlin|isbn=978-3-7983-2056-7|page=172}}
2. ^{{cite book|author=Československá akademie věd|title=Folia zoologica|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rtHzAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=29 May 2012|year=2003|publisher=Academia|page=340}}
3. ^И. И. Алексеев, А. С. Коновалов. "Очерки истории Краснодарской организации КПСС". Краснодарское книжное издательство, 1976. Стр. 339
4. ^¹Журнал "Огонёк", №49 (2422), 1 декабря 1973 г. С. Ф. Медунов. "[https://books.google.com/books?id=74FBAQAAIAAJ&lpg=PA4&dq=%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5%20%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5&pg=PA4#v=onepage&q&f=false Русский рис]", стр. 4
5. ^{{cite book|author1=United Nations. Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East|author2=United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific|title=Water Resources Series|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FnUrAQAAMAAJ|accessdate=29 May 2012|year=1956|publisher=United Nations.|page=138}}
6. ^{{cite book|author1=Joint Committee on Slavic Studies|author2=American Council of Learned Societies|author3=Social Science Research Council (U.S.) |author4=American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies |title=The Current digest of the Soviet press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i9koAQAAMAAJ|accessdate=29 May 2012|year=1980|page=20}}
7. ^Комсомольская правда. Краснодар. Шапсугское водохранилище заполнят водой через 3 года {{ru icon}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yuga.ru/news/228881/|script-title=ru:ГлавнаяНовостиОбщество СМП Май 2012 Шапсугское водохранилище в Адыгее достроят к 2015 году|publisher=Yuga.ru|language=Russian|date=27 May 2011|accessdate=29 May 2012}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://ug.ria.ru/incidents/20100929/82037930.html|script-title=ru:Ростехнадзор проводит проверку Шапсугского водохранилища в Адыгее|publisher=ug.ria.ru|language=Russian|accessdate=29 May 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104013540/http://ug.ria.ru/incidents/20100929/82037930.html|archivedate=4 January 2014|df=}}