| 词条 | The Brotherhood of Eternal Love |
| 释义 |
| name =The Brotherhood of Eternal Love | image = | caption = | founded = | founding location =Orange County, California, United States | founded by = John Griggs | years active = | territory = | ethnic makeup = | membership est = | criminal activities = Drug use, manufacturing and distribution | allies = | rivals = }}The Brotherhood of Eternal Love was an organization of drug users and distributors that operated from the mid-1960s through the late 1970s in Orange County, California; they were dubbed the Hippie Mafia.[1] They produced and distributed drugs in hopes of starting a "psychedelic revolution" in the United States.[2] The organization was started by John Griggs as a commune, but by 1969, had turned to the manufacture of LSD and the importing of hashish. In 1970, The Brotherhood of Eternal Love hired the radical left organization Weather Underground for a fee of $25,000 to help Timothy Leary make his way to Algeria after he escaped from prison, while serving a 5-year sentence for possession of marijuana.[1][2] Their activities came to an end on August 5, 1972, when a drug raid was executed on the group where dozens of group members in California, Oregon and Maui were arrested. Some who had escaped the raid continued underground or fled abroad.[3] More members were arrested in 1994 and 1996, and the last of them in 2009;[4] Brenice Lee Smith served two months in jail before pleading guilty to a single charge of smuggling hashish, and then was released after being sentenced to time served.[5] In 2010, Nicholas Schou published a book called Orange Sunshine on the brotherhood.[6] In 2016, a documentary directed by William Kirkley also named Orange Sunshine (named for the LSD they distributed) was released.[3] References1. ^{{cite video |people= Brian Flanagan |year= 2002 |title= The Weather Underground |url= https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV7GSff4fIA |format= mp4 |publisher= The Free History Project |location= |accessdate= March 2, 2012 |time= 0:59:00}} 2. ^{{cite book |title= Underground: My Life with SDS and the Weathermen |author= Rudd, Mark|authorlink=Mark Rudd|year= 2009 |publisher= William Morrow and Company |location= New York City |isbn= 978-0061472756 |pages= 225–7 |url= |accessdate=}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite news|url=https://www.ocweekly.com/news-eternal-sunshine-6414244/|title=Eternal Sunshine|last=Schou|first=Nick|date=7 June 2007|work=OC Weekly|accessdate=15 July 2018}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|last=Schou|first=Nick|title="Hippie Mafia" Hash Smuggler Arrested|url=http://hightimes.com/legal/ht_admin/6011|accessdate=22 July 2010|date=Nov 12, 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123070520/http://hightimes.com/legal/ht_admin/6011|archivedate=23 November 2010|df=}} 5. ^{{cite news|last=Schou|first=Nick|title=Case Closed on "Hippie Mafia" Smugglers|url=http://hightimes.com/news/ht_admin/6053|accessdate=22 July 2010|date=Dec 3, 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123073001/http://hightimes.com/news/ht_admin/6053|archivedate=23 November 2010|df=}} 6. ^Orange Sunshine: The Brotherhood of Eternal Love and Its Quest to Spread Peace, Love, and Acid to the World, Nicholas Schou (Thomas Dunne Books, St. Martin's Press, 2010), {{ISBN|9780312551834}}. External links
7 : Drug rings|1960s establishments in California|1970s disestablishments|Organizations based in California|Drug cartels in the United States|Cannabis trafficking|Cannabis in California |
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