“Shooting of Michael Brown”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

{{Infobox event
| title = Shooting of Michael Brown
| image =
| image_name = St. Louis County Missouri Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Ferguson Highlighted.svg
| caption = Location of Ferguson, Missouri, within St. Louis County, and St. Louis County within Missouri
| date = {{Start date and age|2014|8|9}}
| time = {{nowrap|12:01–12:03 p.m. (CDT)}}
| place = Ferguson, Missouri, U.S.
| coordinates = {{Coord|38.73847|N|90.27387|W|type:event_region:US-MO|display=inline,title}}^[1]
| also known as =
| cause =
| first reporter =
| filmed by =
| participants =

On August 9, 2014, Michael Brown Jr., an 18-year-old African American man, was fatally shot by 28-year-old Ferguson police officer Darren Wilson in the city of Ferguson, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis.{{sfn |USDOJ |2015 | p=6}} Brown was accompanied by his friend Dorian Johnson who was 22.^[1] Wilson said that an altercation ensued when Brown attacked Wilson in his police vehicle for control of Wilson's gun until it was fired.{{sfn | USDOJ | 2015 | loc=pp. 80–81, §1. Shooting at the SUV}} Johnson stated that Wilson initiated a confrontation by grabbing Brown by the neck through his car window, threatening him and then shooting at him.^[2] At this point, both Wilson and Johnson state that Brown and Johnson fled, with Wilson pursuing Brown shortly thereafter. Wilson stated that Brown stopped and charged him after a short pursuit. Johnson contradicted this account, stating that Brown turned around with his hands raised after Wilson shot at his back. According to Johnson, Wilson then shot Brown multiple times until Brown fell to the ground. In the entire altercation, Wilson fired a total of twelve bullets, including twice during the struggle in the car;^[4] the last was probably the fatal shot. Brown was hit a total of six times from the front.^[5]^[6]^[7]

This event ignited unrest in Ferguson. Although a subsequent FBI investigation found that there was no evidence that Brown had his hands up in surrender or said "don't shoot" before he was shot, protesters believed that he had done so, and used the slogan "Hands up, don't shoot" in protest. Protests, both peaceful and violent, continued for more than a week in Ferguson; police established a nightly curfew. Most grand juries complete their work in a matter of days.^[71] The grand jury was not sequestered during the process.^[75]

On the night of {{nowrap|November 24}}, Prosecutor McCulloch reported in a 20-minute press conference that the grand jury had reached a decision in the case and would not indict Wilson.^[80]

Following his announcement, McCulloch released thousands of pages of grand jury documents, with materials published on the Internet for public perusal.^[81] The documents include transcripts of the proceedings, expert statements, and the testimony of some witnesses.^[82] On {{nowrap|December 8}}, more witness interviews and more than 50 brief audio recordings between the police dispatchers and responding police officers were released.^[83] On {{nowrap|December 13}}, a third release included the transcripts of witness interviews, including one with Dorian Johnson.^[84] A video of the two-hour interview of Johnson by FBI and county police was withheld.^[85]^[86]

Robert P. McCulloch was the main focus of much of the criticism throughout the process and well into its aftermath. Attorney Raul Reyes characterized McCulloch as not being impartial, as his father was a police officer killed in an incident with a black suspect and other members of his family served with the {{nowrap|St. Louis}} Police Department.^[87] A petition calling for McCulloch to recuse himself gained 70,000 signatures.^[88]^[89]^[90]^[91] Governor Jay Nixon declined to remove McCulloch and said doing so would potentially jeopardize the prosecution.^[92] McCulloch dismissed the claims of bias, and later said he regretted not speaking publicly about his background at the time.^[68]^[94]

Legal analysts raised concerns over McCulloch's unorthodox approach, saying this process could have influenced the grand jury to decide against indictment and that they were given too much material to assess.^[95]^[96] The analysts highlighted the significant differences between a typical grand jury proceeding in Missouri and how Wilson's case was handled.^[42]

Evidence

Shooting scene

Evidence presented to the grand jury showed that the shooting scene extended approximately {{Convert|184|ft}} along Canfield Drive, near where it intersects Copper Creek Court. The two-lane street runs east to west, and has sidewalks and curbs on both sides. Immediately prior to the incident, Brown was walking eastbound on Canfield and Wilson was driving westbound. Evidence at the scene was generally clustered around Wilson's SUV on the western side of the scene and near Brown's body, which was in the eastern part of the area.

The {{Convert|30|ft|adj=on}} western area included Wilson's police vehicle, which was angled slightly toward the right curb with its left-rear corner on the center line. Evidence included two bracelets, a baseball cap, and two .40 caliber spent casings. One of these casings was found at the western edge of the scene and the other was located near the rear driver's side of the police vehicle. There were two groups of red stains near the driver's side of the vehicle and a left sandal was also located in the vicinity. The right sandal was approximately {{Convert|44|ft}} east of the western area.

The eastern area, which was approximately {{Convert|124|ft}} east of the western area, was about {{Convert|29|ft}} wide. Brown's body was situated along the center-line of the road with his head oriented in a westerly direction. The distance from the driver's door of the SUV to Brown's head was about {{Convert|153|ft}}. Two groups of red stains were located at the extreme eastern edge of the scene, with the furthest under {{Convert|22|ft}} from Brown's feet.

One apparent projectile was found near the body. There were ten spent {{nowrap|.40-caliber}} casings scattered on the south side of the road near Brown's body. The distribution of the casings, combined with most of the casings being east of the body, was consistent with the officer moving backward while firing.^[1] Blood spatter approximately 25 feet behind Brown's body suggested he was moving toward Wilson when he was killed.^[42]^[100]

DNA

Brown's DNA was found on the gun. His DNA was also found on the left thigh of Wilson's pants and on the inside driver's door handle of Wilson's police SUV,^[13] the result of Brown's spilled blood staining Wilson's pants and the door handle.^[102] Wilson's DNA was found on Brown's left palm but was not found under Brown's fingernails or on his right hand.^[13]

Dr. Michael Graham, the St. Louis medical examiner, said blood was found on Wilson's gun and inside the car, and tissue from Brown was found on the exterior of the driver's side of Wilson's vehicle; this evidence was consistent with a struggle at that location. According to Judy Melinek, a San Francisco pathologist who commented on the case as an expert, the official autopsy, which said Brown's hand had foreign matter consistent with a gun discharge on it, supported Wilson's testimony that Brown was reaching for the weapon,^[104] or indicated the gun was inches away from Brown's hand when it went off.^[13]

According to the detective who performed tests on the gun, he had to decide whether to perform a DNA test or dust for fingerprints, because only one test can be performed without affecting the other.^[13] He found the gun stored in an unsealed envelope, contrary to the customary evidence-handling protocol.^[107] Documents released after the grand jury proceedings show Wilson washed blood from his hands and checked his own gun into an evidence bag, both actions described by media outlets as unorthodox procedures for such a case.^[108]^[109]

Autopsies

}} were performed on Brown's body, with all three noting Brown had been shot at least six times, including twice in the head. He received no shots in his back.^[110]

The county autopsy report described gunshot entry and exit wounds to Brown's right arm coming from both the front (ventral, palms facing forward) and the back (dorsal, palms facing backward).^[111]

County

The local medical examiner autopsy report released to state prosecutors said Brown was shot in the front part of his body. When Mary Case, the {{nowrap|St. Louis}} County medical examiner, was asked to provide details, she declined to comment further, citing the ongoing investigation into Brown's death.^[112]^[113] The official county autopsy was later leaked to the {{nowrap|St. Louis}} Post-Dispatch.^[114]^[104]

The narrative report of investigation from the office of the medical examiner of {{nowrap|St. Louis}} agreed with Wilson's testimony.^[104] It noted Brown had sustained multiple gunshot wounds to the head, torso, and right arm, as well as a single gunshot wound to the inside of his right hand near his thumb and palm; it also noted Brown's body had abrasions to the right side of his face and on the back of his left hand.^[104]

The autopsy noted the absence of stippling, powder burns around a wound that indicate a shot was fired at a relatively short range. Dr. Michael Graham, the {{nowrap|St. Louis}} medical examiner, notes gunshot wounds within an inch of the body do not always cause stippling. Microscopic examination of tissue taken from the thumb wound detected the presence of a foreign material consistent with the material which is ejected from a gun while firing.^[104] The gunshot wound to the top of Brown's head was consistent with Brown either falling forward or being in a lunging position; the shot was instantly fatal.^[104]

A toxicology test performed by a {{nowrap|St. Louis}} University laboratory revealed the presence of THC, the active ingredient in marijuana, in Brown's blood and urine. The presence of THC indicates Brown had used marijuana within a few hours of his death, but it could not be determined whether or not Brown was impaired at the time of his death.^[104]

Independent

At the request of Brown's family, on {{nowrap|August 17}} a preliminary autopsy was conducted by Dr. Michael Baden, a former chief medical examiner for the City of New York (1978–1979). This autopsy was limited because the previous county autopsy had washed, embalmed, and taken evidence off the body.^[121]^[122]^[123]^[124]

According to Baden's report, Brown was shot six times into his front: four of the bullets entered his right arm, one entered his right eye on a downward trajectory, and one entered the top of his skull.^[7] All of the rounds were fired from a distance of at least one foot.^[126] One of the shots shattered his right eye, traveled through his face, then exited his jaw and reentered his collarbone. The shot that entered the top of his skull caused the fatal injury.^[7] Brown could have survived the first bullet wounds, but the bullet that entered the top of his head resulted in a fatal injury.^[128]

Baden had no access to the clothing of the victim, and had not yet seen the x-rays showing where bullets were in the body. He could not determine if any gunpowder residue was on that clothing. Baden concluded there was too little information to forensically reconstruct the shooting.^[7] At least two commentators noted the results of both autopsies contradicted some aspects of some eyewitness accounts, which had reported Wilson shot Brown in the back^[7] and that Wilson shot Brown while holding Brown's neck.^[131] In later analysis, Baden reclassified one of Brown's chest wounds as an entry wound.^[132]

Dr. Baden was assisted by Shawn Parcells, who does not have a degree or other credentials in medicine or pathology.^[133]^[134] Dr. Thomas Young, former Jackson County Medical Examiner, said Parcells is giving out forensic pathology opinions when he is not qualified to do so.^[133] Dr. Mary Case, who performed the initial autopsy, said Parcells' involvement could cause issues with the second autopsy.^[136] Parcells said all he did was assist Dr. Baden.^[137]

Federal

Attorney General Holder ordered a third autopsy of Brown's body.^[138]^[139] Its findings matched the other two autopsies, but its detailed findings were initially withheld from the public due to the ongoing investigation.^[112]^[141] The federal autopsy report was among a group of documents released by the {{nowrap|St. Louis}} County Prosecutor's Office on {{nowrap|December 8}}, two weeks after the grand jury chose not to indict Wilson.^[141]^[143]

Audio recording of gunshots

On {{nowrap|August 27}}, CNN released an audio recording purported to contain the sounds of the shooting.^[144]^[145] The recording was made by an anonymous third-party who happened to be recording a video-text message at the time of the incident.^[146] Glide, a video messaging service, confirmed the audio had been recorded on their site at {{nowrap|12:02 p.m.}} on the day of the shooting.^[147]^[148] The twelve-second recording contains a series of shots, a short pause, and then a second series of shots.^[146]

Forensic audio expert Paul Ginsberg says he heard six shots, a pause, and then four additional shots. Ginsberg said, "I was very concerned about that pause ... because it's not just the number of gunshots, it's how they're fired. And that has a huge relevance on how this case might finally end up."^[145] CNN's law enforcement analyst Tom Fuentes noted most accounts of the shooting say there was a single shot earlier in the incident near the vehicle that is not audible in the recording.^[151]^[152] The recording was also analyzed by SST, Inc., a company specializing in gunfire locator technology. That analysis found the sound of ten gunshots and seven gunshot echoes within seven seconds, with a three-second pause after the sixth shot. The company's analysis also said all ten rounds were fired from within a radius of {{convert|3|ft|m}}, indicating the shooter was not moving.^[153]

Handling

Witness accounts

Multiple witnesses saw part or all of the event and have given interviews to the media, testified to the grand jury, and were interviewed by the U.S. Department of Justice. The witness accounts were conflicting on various points.^[112]^[156]^[157]^[158]^[159]^[160] David A. Klinger, a criminologist at the University of Missouri–{{nowrap|St. Louis}}, said eyewitness testimony often differs from witness to witness, a phenomenon commonly known as the Rashomon effect.^[161]

An Associated Press review of the grand jury found numerous problems in the witness testimony, including statements that were "inconsistent, fabricated, or provably wrong". Several of the witnesses admitted changing their testimony to fit released evidence, or other witness statements.^[162] Prosecuting attorney Robert McCulloch said, "I thought it was important to present anybody and everybody, and some that were, yes, clearly not telling the truth, no question about it."^[163]

The Department of Justice investigation into the shooting determined witnesses who corroborated Wilson's account were credible while those who contradicted his account were not. The witnesses that claimed Brown was surrendering or did not move toward Wilson were not credible; the report said their claims were inconsistent with the physical evidence, other witness statements, and in some cases prior statements from the same witness. No witness statements that pointed to Wilson's guilt were determined to be credible. Twenty-four statements were determined to lack any credibility, while eight which were found credible corroborated Wilson's account. Nine did not completely contradict nor corroborate Wilson's account.^[61] Several witnesses reported fear of reprisals from the community for providing evidence that corroborated Wilson's account.^[61]

Wilson's interview and testimony

Wilson gave his account of the incident in an interview with a detective on {{nowrap|August 10}}, and in testimony before the grand jury in September. Wilson said he had just left a call involving a sick person when he heard on his radio that there was a theft in progress at a local convenience store. Wilson heard the description of the suspects and soon after observed two black males walking down the middle of the street. Wilson pulled up to them and told the two to walk on the sidewalk, and Johnson replied, "we're almost to our destination". As they passed his window, Brown said "fuck what you have to say".^[166]

Wilson then backed up about ten feet to where they were and attempted to open his door. After backing up, Wilson told the two to "come here", and Brown told him in reply, "what the fuck are you gonna do". Wilson shut the door and Brown approached him and he opened the door again "trying to push him back", while telling him to get back. Brown "started swinging and punching at me from outside the vehicle", and Brown had his body against the door. Wilson said the first strike from Brown was a "glancing blow", and at that point he was trying to get Brown's arms out of his face. This was when Brown turned to his left and handed Johnson several packs of the stolen cigarillos he had been holding.^[166] Wilson then grabbed Brown's right arm trying to get control, but Brown hit him in the face. Wilson said he "felt like a 5-year-old holding onto Hulk Hogan" while he attempted to restrain Brown when he reached through his police car window.^[12] Wilson said it "jarred" him back and he yelled at Brown numerous times to stop and get back. Wilson said he thought about using his mace and his baton, but he was unable to reach either of them. He then drew his weapon and pointed it at Brown and told him to stop or he would shoot him, while ordering him to the ground.^[166]

According to Wilson, Brown then said "you're too much of a fucking pussy to shoot me" and grabbed for his gun and twisted it, pointing it at him, into his hip area. Wilson placed his left hand against Brown's hand and his other hand on the gun and pushed forward with both his arms. The gun was somewhat lined up with Brown, and Wilson pulled the trigger twice, but the weapon failed to discharge. On the next try, the gun fired and Brown then attempted to hit him multiple times inside his vehicle. Wilson shot at Brown again, but missed and he took off running east, while Wilson exited his vehicle and radioed for backup. Wilson followed him, yelling for him to stop and get on the ground, but he kept running. Brown eventually stopped and turned and made a "grunting noise" and started running at him with his right hand under his shirt in his waistband. Brown ignored Wilson's commands to stop and get on the ground, so Wilson fired multiple shots at him, paused and yelled at him to get on the ground again, but Brown was still charging at him and had not slowed down. Wilson then fired another set of shots, but Brown was still running at him. When Brown was about eight to ten feet away, Wilson fired more shots, with one of those hitting Brown in the head, which brought him down with his hand still in his waistband. Wilson said two patrol cars showed up approximately fifteen to twenty seconds after the final shot. When his supervisor arrived, he was sent to the police station.^[166]

Wilson told detectives Brown had reached his right hand into his waistband and that the hand still appeared to be in the waistband after Brown was shot. The medical investigator at the scene of the shooting did not take any photographs and testified to the grand jury that Brown's left hand was under his dead body, near the waistband, and the right hand was extended outwards.^[171]

On {{nowrap|November 26}}, Wilson gave his first public interview about the shooting to ABC News' George Stephanopoulos.^[172]

Corroborating Wilson's testimony

Numerous witness accounts were consistent with Wilson's account and also agreed with the physical evidence at hand. Many witnesses corroborated that Wilson acted in self-defense during the event. A number of the witnesses who corroborated Wilson's account of events expressed fear and apprehension in testifying, saying they had been harassed or threatened by individuals from the Ferguson community.^[173]{{rp|pp.27–34}} The following are a sample of the witnesses whose accounts aligned with Wilson's testimony.

Witness 102 was a 27-year-old biracial male. He said he saw Wilson chase Brown until Brown abruptly turned around. Brown did not put his hands up in surrender but made some type of movement similar to pulling his pants up or a shoulder shrug and then made a full charge at Wilson. Witness 102 thought Wilson's life was threatened and he only fired shots when Brown was coming toward him.^[173]{{rp|pp.27–28}}

After the shooting Witness 102 remained in the neighborhood for a short period of time, and corrected a couple of people who claimed Wilson "stood over [Brown] and shot while [he was] on the ground". In response, Witness 102 said Wilson shot Brown because Brown came back toward Wilson. Witness 102 "kept thinking" Wilson's shots were "missing" Brown because Brown kept moving.^[173]{{rp|p.28}} Witness 102 did not stay in the neighborhood for long, and left the area shortly afterward because he felt uncomfortable. According to the witness, "crowds of people had begun to gather, wrongly claiming the police shot Brown for no reason and that he had his hands up in surrender". Two black women approached Witness 102, mobile phones set to record, asking him to recount what he had witnessed. Witness 102 responded that they would not like what he had to say. The women responded with racial slurs, calling him names like 'white motherfucker'."^[173]{{rp|p.28}}

Witness 103, a 58-year-old black male, testified that from his parked truck he saw "Brown punching Wilson at least three times in the facial area, through the open driver's window of the SUV... Wilson and Brown [had] hold of each other's shirts, but Brown was 'getting in a couple of blows [on Wilson]'."^[173]{{rp|p.29}} Wilson was leaning back toward the passenger seat with his forearm up, in an effort to block the blows. Then Witness 103 heard a gunshot and Brown took off running. Wilson exited the SUV, appeared to be using his shoulder microphone to call into his radio, and chased Brown with his gun held low ... Brown came to a stop near a car, put his hand down on the car, and turned around to face Wilson. Brown's hands were then down at his sides. Witness 103 did not see Brown's hands up. Wanting to leave, Witness 103 began to turn his car around in the opposite direction that Brown had been running when he heard additional shots. Witness 103 turned to his right, and saw Brown "moving fast" toward Wilson. Witness 103 then drove away."^[173]{{rp|p.29}}

Witness 104, a 26-year-old biracial female, witnessed the end of the altercation from a minivan:

Witness 108, a 74-year-old black male, told detectives the police officer was "in the right" and "did what he had to do", and that statements made by people in the apartment complex about Brown surrendering were inaccurate. Witness 108 later told investigators he "would have fucking shot that boy, too", and mimicked the aggressive stance Brown made while charging Wilson. He explained Wilson told Brown to "stop" or "get down" at least ten times, but instead Brown "charged" at Wilson. Witness 108 also told detectives there were other witnesses on Canfield Drive who saw what he did.^[173]{{rp|p.32}}

Witness 109, a 53-year-old black male, said he decided to come forward after seeing Dorian Johnson "lie" about the events on television.^[173]{{rp|p.32}} He said when Wilson asked the two boys to get out of the street, Brown responded something to the effect of "Fuck the police." Afterward, Wilson got out of his car and Brown hit him in the face. Witness 109 said he saw Wilson reach for his taser but dropped it and then grabbed a gun, after which Brown grabbed for Wilson's gun. According to 109, at one point Brown ran away from Wilson, but turned around and charged toward the officer. He said Wilson fired in self-defense, and did not appear to be shooting to kill at first.^[173]{{rp|p.33}}

Witness 113, a 31-year-old black female, made statements that corroborated Wilson's account. She said she was afraid of the "neighborhood backlash" that might come from her testimony, and feared offering an account contrary to the narrative reported by the media that Brown held his hands up in surrender.^[173]{{rp|pp.33–34}} She also told investigators she thought Wilson's life was in danger.

Witness 136 was in his apartment using a video chat application on his mobile phone while the shooting occurred. After hearing the first few shots, he recorded the remainder of his chat on his phone and turned it over to the FBI. The recording is about 12 seconds long and captured a total of 10 gunshots. The gunshots begin after the first four seconds. The recording captured six gunshots in two seconds. After a three-second pause, a seventh gunshot is heard. A pause of less than one second gave way to the final three-shot volley within two seconds. The recording was not time-stamped. As detailed below, this recording is consistent with several credible witness accounts as well as Wilson's account, that he fired several volleys of shots, briefly pausing between each one.^[173]{{rp|pp.24–25}}

Contradicting Wilson's testimony

Several witnesses who originally testified against Wilson were also interviewed by the prosecution. They admitted to lying under oath as to the truthfulness of their testimony.^[185]^[186] At least one witness took an account from a newspaper; this witness was later discredited by investigators during the process.^[186]

Witness 22, who originally claimed she saw Wilson kill Brown in cold blood, admitted she lied to investigators and never saw the incident at all. She said she was just passing along information which her boyfriend told her he saw.^[185]^[189]^[190] The court transcript reads:

Witness 22: No. I just felt like I want to be part of something... I didn't see what I told the FBI what [sic] I saw.}}

Prosecutors also played the grand jury a 10-minute police interview with a man who claimed to have witnessed the shooting. They then played a phone call in which that man admitted he actually had not seen the incident at all.^[189] Another witness insisted another officer was with Wilson at the time of the shooting. (By all other accounts, Wilson was the only officer present when he shot Brown). This witness described having a clear view of what transpired despite there being a building between the witness' location and where the incident took place.^[189]

Witness 35 said Brown was "on his knees" when Wilson shot him in the head. Under questioning, his testimony fell apart, and he admitted fabricating it.^[189]

Another witness described Brown on his hands and knees pleading for his life. After a prosecutor confronted the witness and told them what they had seen was not forensically possible based on the evidence, the witness later asked to leave.^[189]

Another witness—number 37—testified that, during a confrontation at Wilson's vehicle, Wilson shot Brown point blank in the chest—but Brown did not fall over and was not clearly bleeding as he ran away. This witness gave several different accounts of how many shots were fired. While he was further pressed for answers as to the truthfulness of his statements, he instead posed questions in return, refusing to elaborate on his statements.

Witness 37: If none of my stuff is making any sense, like why do y'all keep contacting me?^[189]}}

Dorian Johnson

Johnson, a friend of Brown, who was with him that day, gave his account of the incident to media outlets in August and testified before the grand jury in September. In media interviews, Johnson said Wilson pulled up beside them and said, "Get the f— on the sidewalk."^[197]^[198]^[199] The young men replied they were "not but a minute away from [their] destination, and [they] would shortly be out of the street".^[199] Wilson drove forward without saying anything further and abruptly backed up, positioning his vehicle crosswise in their path. Wilson tried to open his door aggressively and the door ricocheted off both of their bodies and closed back on Wilson.^[41] Wilson, still in his vehicle, grabbed Brown around his neck through the open window, and Brown tried to pull away, but Wilson continued to pull Brown toward him "like tug of war".^[159]^[203] Johnson said Brown "did not reach for the officer's weapon at all", and was attempting to get free, when Wilson drew his weapon and said, "I'll shoot you" or "I'm going to shoot", and fired his weapon hitting Brown.^[198]^[205]^[206]^[207]^[208] Following the initial gunshot, Brown freed himself, and the two fled. Wilson exited the vehicle, and fired several rounds at the fleeing Brown, hitting him once in the back.^[41]^[199] Brown turned around with his hands raised and said, "I don't have a gun. Stop shooting!" Wilson then shot Brown several more times, killing him.^[41]^[212]

In his testimony to the grand jury, Johnson said he and Brown had walked to a convenience store to buy cigarillos, but Brown instead reached over the counter and took them and shoved a clerk on his way out the door.^[213] Johnson testified that on their walk back home, Brown had the cigarillos in his hands in plain sight and two Ferguson police cars passed them, but did not stop.^[213] When Wilson encountered them, he told the two to "get the fuck on the sidewalk" and Johnson told him they would be off the street shortly as they were close to their destination.^[215] Johnson testified Wilson was the aggressor from the beginning and that for no apparent reason, he backed his vehicle up and tried to open his door, but Brown shut it, preventing him from getting out.^[215] Johnson said Wilson then reached out and grabbed Brown by the neck and the two were engaged in a "tug of war", and Wilson said "I'll shoot". Johnson said he never saw Brown hit Wilson and did not think Brown grabbed for Wilson's gun, but that a shot was fired.^[215]^[218] At that point, Johnson said they both ran and Wilson fired while Brown was running away, Brown turned around and "at that time Big Mike's hands was up, but not so much in the air, because he had been struck".^[218] Johnson told the jurors Brown said "I don't have a gun", was mad and tried to say again "I don't have a gun", but "before he can say the second sentence or before he can even get it out, that's when the several more shots came." In his testimony, Johnson maintained Brown did not run at Wilson prior to the fatal shots.^[218]

Early reaction and analysis

August 9–14

Peaceful protests and civil disorder broke out the day following Brown's shooting and lasted for several days. This was in part due to the belief among many that Brown was surrendering, as well as longstanding racial tensions between the majority-black population and the majority-white city government and police.^[221] As the details of the original shooting event emerged from investigators, police grappled with establishing curfews and maintaining order, while members of the Ferguson community demonstrated in various ways in the vicinity of the original shooting. On {{nowrap|August 10}}, a day of memorials began peacefully, but some crowd members became unruly after an evening candlelight vigil.^[222] Local police stations assembled approximately 150 officers in riot gear.^[223] Some people began looting businesses, vandalizing vehicles, and confronting police officers who sought to block off access to several areas of the city.^[222] Widespread media coverage examined the post-9/11 trend of local police departments arming themselves with military-grade weapons when dealing with protests.^[225]^[226] In the days following the shooting, state and federal officials weighed in on the matter. On {{nowrap|August 12}}, President Barack Obama offered his condolences to Brown's family and community.^[227] On {{nowrap|August 14}}, Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky said in an op-ed in Time Magazine, that the event was a tragedy and that police forces need to be demilitarized.^[228]

August 15–30

On {{nowrap|August 15}}, a report and video showing the robbery of a convenience store by Brown was released by the Ferguson Police Department. Brown was accompanied by his friend Dorian Johnson. The report and video were part of a packet that included information about the shooting afterward.^[229]^[230]^[231] The report containing frames of the surveillance footage showed Brown grabbing a box of cigarillos, followed by an apparent struggle or confrontation between Brown and a store clerk.^[232]^[233] The statutory deadline in the Sunshine Law, Missouri's equivalent of the federal Freedom of Information Act, was the cited reason for the release following requests by {{nowrap|St. Louis}} Post-Dispatch, Judicial Watch and others.^[234]^[235]^[236]

The Department of Justice had urged the video not be released, saying a release would inflame tension.^[237] Missouri Governor Jay Nixon identified the release as an attempt to disparage Brown during the investigation that would inflame the community.^[238]^[239] Brown's family released a statement in which they condemn the way the police chief chose to disseminate information, calling it character assassination following the "execution-style murder" of their son.^[240]

The {{nowrap|August 15}} release of information was criticized as part of an erratic and infrequent release of information by the police.^[241] Previously, the police withheld the name of the officer involved in the shooting, citing safety concerns following death threats against the unnamed officer.^[229] The {{nowrap|St Louis}} County Police incident report lacked details.^[243] The Ferguson Police incident report was obtained by the ACLU after a request and subsequent lawsuit.^[244] Wilson did not file an incident report^[243] and there was no Ferguson Police use-of-force report related to the incident.^[246] The Ferguson Police Department refused to commit to a deadline for releasing a full autopsy report.^[212]

When the report and video were released, the police said Wilson had known Brown was a suspect in the robbery.^[248] In a media conference, Ferguson's chief of police Tom Jackson said the robbery was unrelated to the initial contact, and had nothing to do with Wilson stopping Brown and Johnson.^[229]^[248] Jackson later clarified Wilson recognized Brown as a suspect because he saw a box of cigars in his hand.^[37]^[252] Eugene O'Donnell, a former district attorney in New York City who now serves as a professor at the John Jay College of Criminal Justice, said, while the police officer may have stopped Brown for jaywalking, Brown may have been thinking the officer knew about the robbery: "Obviously the cop's reaction is not affected, but what could be affected is [Brown's] reaction to the cop."^[253]

A Pew Research Center Survey published on August 18 suggested differences in American public opinion between whites and blacks. It indicated 80% of blacks and 37% of whites believed the shooting "raises important issues about race".^[12]

On {{nowrap|August 24}}, St. Louis held their annual Peace Fest, which had a particular focus on Mike Brown. In attendance was Mike Brown's father, Mike Brown Sr., as well as the parents of Trayvon Martin (an unarmed black teen who was shot and killed in Florida in 2012).^[255]

In August, Chief Jackson said Wilson had been injured in the incident.^[256] Wilson's medical record shows his injuries were diagnosed as a facial contusion, a term used to describe a bruise.^[257]

Brown's funeral was held on {{nowrap|August 25}} and was attended by an estimated 4,500 people.^[258]^[259] Al Sharpton delivered one of two eulogies.^[260]^[261]

September–November 24

On {{nowrap|October 22}}, anonymous sources leaked to the {{nowrap|St. Louis}} Post-Dispatch what they described as Wilson's grand jury testimony,^[262] following other leaks on Wilson's version of the events.^[263] The Justice Department issued a statement that it "considers the selective release of information in this investigation to be irresponsible and highly troubling. Since the release of the convenience-store footage, there seems to be an inappropriate effort to influence public opinion about this case."^[262] Wilson's defense team denied they were behind the leaks, saying they "[were] not in possession of any of the disclosed reports or the investigative report".^[262] The {{nowrap|St. Louis}} County prosecutor spokesperson said his office would not investigate the leaks because they could not force journalists to divulge their sources, and "you can tell by the information they have that the leaks are not coming from the grand jury or the prosecutor's office."^[266] The leaks concerning grand jury testimony were condemned by the Justice Department as inappropriate effort to influence public opinion about this case.^[262] The leaks referred to evidence supporting Wilson's testimony and decreased the likelihood of an indictment whilst fanning the flames of angry protesters.^[268]

November 24–early December

Following the grand jury announcement, protests, some of them violent, broke out in Ferguson and other cities across the United States. Several Ferguson businesses were looted and fires set by protesters. Protests erupted in 170 cities across the U.S., including^[269] St Louis, Philadelphia, Seattle, Albuquerque, New York City, Cleveland, Los Angeles, Oakland, Minneapolis, Atlanta, Chicago, and Boston.^[270] Numerous media reports and legal experts criticized the process for failing to return an indictment in cases concerning law enforcement officers.^[271]^[272]

A December 2014 opinion poll by Washington Post-ABC News showed a majority of blacks do not believe that they receive treatment equal to whites by the police or the criminal justice system. Six out of ten white Americans believe the police treat races equally with roughly half of white Americans believing the criminal justice provides equal treatment, but there is a sharp partisan divide between white Americans. Conservative or Republican white Americans are far more likely to say whites and blacks receive equal treatment in the justice system than the liberal or Democratic white Americans.^[273]{{refn|group=note|The poll was conducted {{nowrap|December 11–15}}, 2014, with a random national sample of 1,012 adults with an overall margin of error of 3.5 percentage points, but an error margin of 11 points for results among African Americans and Hispanics.^[273]}}

March 2015

On {{nowrap|March 4}}, the U.S. Department of Justice announced Wilson would not be charged in the shooting. Its report said "[t]here is no evidence upon which prosecutors can rely to disprove Wilson's stated subjective belief that he feared for his safety," and that accounts that Brown put his hands up are "inaccurate because they are inconsistent with the physical and forensic evidence".^[275]

President Obama reacted to the announcement, stating, "The finding that was made [by the Department of Justice] was that it was not unreasonable to determine that there was not sufficient evidence to charge Officer Wilson. That was an objective, thorough, independent federal investigation." He further added, "We may never know exactly what happened. But Officer Wilson like anybody else who is charged with a crime benefits from due process and a reasonable doubt standard."^[276]

International reactions

Various heads of state and foreign news organizations have commented on the shooting and subsequent protests including the Chinese Xinhua News Agency, Germany's Der Spiegel,^[277] Egypt's Ministry of Foreign affairs,^[278] the Iranian Islamic Republic News Agency,^[277] protesters throughout the Middle East,^[280] the Russian Foreign Ministry,^[277] Spain's El Mundo,^[282] the British Metro,^[283] and others.^[277]

Reactions to grand jury decision

The grand jury process was atypical because of significant and numerous departures from other normal grand jury proceedings. The American grand jury process operates in secret, with the proceedings, evidence and testimony rarely being released to the public in cases of no indictment. From the beginning, McCulloch desired to provide transparency to the process and had the proceeding transcribed with the intention of releasing the materials to the public if there was no indictment. Paul Cassell, former U.S. federal judge, said the investigative grand jury was unique because they were investigating with no assurance that any criminal conduct was present, in contrast to normal grand jury proceedings which have been screened for probable cause by a prosecutor. McCulloch's intentions to present all the evidence resulted in the proceedings which took far longer than regular grand juries which decide within days.^[71]

Earlier in the hearing, the prosecution presented a 1979 Missouri statute allowing officers to use deadly force "to effect the arrest or prevent the escape from custody [of a person]". Before the grand jury deliberated, jurors were told to disregard the previous instructions and use case law from the Tennessee v Garner ruling, which said it was unconstitutional for police officers to use deadly force to apprehend non-dangerous fleeing suspects.^[79] Missouri Attorney General Chris Koster, acknowledged the grand jury was given information based on the state law before being informed that deadly force cannot be used merely to prevent the escape of an unarmed suspect.^[79]^[294] MSNBC's Lawrence O'Donnell argued that this change amounted to a deliberate attempt by the prosecution to make it impossible to indict Wilson.^[13] Andrew F. Branca, a Massachusetts lawyer focusing on self-defense law, attributed O'Donnell's comments as a straw man because self-defense is a completely independent and sufficient justification for the use of deadly force.^[296] The {{nowrap|St. Louis}} Public Radio later clarified that even if Wilson was indicted and convicted at trial based on the Garner ruling, the conviction could be challenged on the basis that Missouri law permitted the use of deadly force.^[79]

The prosecution's handling of the case received particular attention. Roger Parloff said prosecutors do not usually exclude truly exculpatory evidence and that prosecutors do not typically indict if they believe the accused is not guilty, disagreeing with the notion that McCulloch should have presented evidence with the purpose of obtaining an indictment.^[298] Jay Sterling Silver said the grand jury case indicated a conflict of interest between local prosecutors and police, as the former needs to maintain a good relationship with law enforcement.^[299] Mark O'Mara said the unusual process was to avoid arguments that the presentation was to effect a particular result, yet despite this McCulloch was still criticized for the decision. Paul Callan, former deputy chief of homicide in the Brooklyn District Attorney's Office, gave a layered response which asserted the choice to present all the evidence was unusual, but not unprecedented in controversial cases. Callan said some prosecutors use the grand jury process as political cover in cases which would not succeed at trial, and in cases in which subsequent investigations and civil lawsuits would raise further criticism.^[189] William Fitzpatrick, of the National District Attorneys Association, said it was not strange for prosecutors in police-involved cases to provide all available evidence and not ask for a specific charge and defended McCulloch's inclusion of evidence.^[96] Jeffrey Toobin agreed the exoneration may have been well-justified because a conviction would have been very unlikely at a trial, but the process that was used does not inspire confidence in the legal system.^[189] In a later interview, McCulloch defended the choice to include all evidence and not skew the presentation just for the sake of getting an indictment.^[94]

After the grand jury's decision was announced, Brown's stepfather, Louis Head, turned to a crowd of demonstrators who had gathered, and yelled "Burn this bitch down", according to a New York Times video.^[306] Moments before, he had said "If I get up [on the platform] I'm gonna start a riot."^[307] He later apologized for the outburst.^[308]

Aftermath

By September 24, Ferguson Police Chief Thomas Jackson publicly apologized to the family of Michael Brown.^[309] By March 12, five months later, Thomas Jackson resigned from the Ferguson Police Department.^[310] On {{nowrap|November 29}}, Wilson resigned from the Ferguson police force with no severance, citing security concerns.^[311]^[312] Wilson's lawyer said Wilson "will never be a police officer again" as he does not want to put other officers at risk due to his presence.^[313] The National Bar Association, an organization of African American lawyers and judges, made a complaint to the Missouri Department of Public Safety demanding Wilson's police officer license be revoked.^[314] Wilson's attempts to obtain employment as a police officer have been unsuccessful.^[315]

President Barack Obama announced the federal government would spend $75 million on body cameras for law enforcement officers, as one of the measures taken in response to the shooting.^[316]^[317]

According to the Associated Press' annual poll of United States news directors and editors, the top news story of 2014 was police killings of unarmed blacks—including the shooting of Brown—as well as their investigations and the protests in their aftermath.^[318]^[319]

Roger Goldman, emeritus professor at Saint Louis University Law School, Flanders, a Saint Louis University law professor, and Senator Jamilah Nasheed seek the updating of Missouri state law to comply with the 1985 U.S. Supreme Court decision, Tennessee v. Garner.^[79]

The cover of The New Yorker{{'}}s {{nowrap|January 26}}, 2015, issue depicted Martin Luther King Jr. linking arms with Eric Garner and Wenjian Liu, and joined by Trayvon Martin and Brown.^[321]

Funds for Wilson and the Brown family were solicited on the Internet,^[322]^[323] each accumulating hundreds of thousands of dollars in donations.^[324]^[325]

Brown's death has been cited as one of several police killings of African Americans protested by the Black Lives Matter movement.^[326]^[327]^[328]^[329]

"Hands up, don't shoot"

"Hands up, don't shoot", or simply "hands up", is a slogan and gesture originating from the incident and was seen in demonstrations in Ferguson and throughout the United States.^[330] The gesture became a rallying cry against police violence.^[331]^[332]^[333]

On {{nowrap|March 4}}, 2015, the U.S. Department of Justice issued a report on the shooting,^[173] which said, "There is no witness who has stated that Brown had his hands up in surrender whose statement is otherwise consistent with the physical evidence" and "our investigation did not reveal any eyewitness who stated that Brown said 'don't shoot'."{{sfn |USDOJ |2015 | p=83}}^[335]

Related incidents

On {{nowrap|December 20}}, two NYPD officers were shot and killed in their police car in Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn. The suspected gunman, Ismaaiyl Brinsley, posted days earlier on Instagram his intention to kill police officers in response to the killings of Brown and Eric Garner.^[336] The suspect, who had a long criminal record and had shot his girlfriend in the stomach a few hours earlier, entered the New York City Subway and committed suicide.^[337]^[338]^[339]

On {{nowrap|March 12}}, 2015, two police officers were wounded by gunfire outside the Ferguson police headquarters. The officers, one from nearby Webster Groves, the other from the {{nowrap|St. Louis}} County Police, were providing security at a protest being staged outside the station.^[340] Two days later, 20-year-old Jeffrey L. Williams was arrested in connection with the shooting.^[341] Williams' attorney said, although Williams fired the shots, he was not aiming at the officers.^[342]

Eighteen-year-old Tyrone Harris (friend of Brown) was shot by police in Ferguson on August 9, 2015, one year after the shooting of Michael Brown.^[14]^[15] That same day, the Columbia (Missouri) Police Officers' Association (CPOA) proclaimed "Darren Wilson Day", calling Wilson an "innocent, but persecuted, officer" and insisted his ethnicity had nothing to do with their support of him.^[16] An ABC affiliate reported the post was shared nearly 60 times on the site before being removed. The CPOA then posted its support for Wilson and "all law enforcement officers who endure similar situations."^[17]

Task force on policing

In December 2014, president Barack Obama created a commission to make recommendations for broad police reform in the United States. The commission created by Obama released an interim report on {{nowrap|March 2}}, 2015, with numerous recommendations, including the recommendation that policy be created mandating "external and independent criminal investigations in cases of police use of force resulting in death, officer-involved shootings resulting in injury or death, or in-custody deaths".^[347]

DOJ investigation into the Ferguson Police Department

On {{nowrap|September 5}}, 2014, the U.S. Department of Justice began an investigation of the Ferguson, Missouri police force to examine whether officers routinely engaged in racial profiling or showed a pattern of excessive force. The investigation was separate from the Department's other investigation of the shooting of Brown.^[348] The results of the investigation were released in a {{nowrap|March 4}}, 2015, report, which concluded officers in Ferguson routinely violated the constitutional rights of the city's residents, by discriminating against African Americans and applying racial stereotypes, in a "pattern or practice of unlawful conduct within the Ferguson Police Department that violates the First, Fourth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, and federal statutory law" .^[349]^[350]

The Report focused on the problem of issuing warrants for sometimes minor offenses. In many states, a chief cause for warrants is unpaid traffic tickets.^[18]

Brown family lawsuit

On {{nowrap|April 23}}, 2015, the Brown family filed a wrongful death lawsuit in state court against Wilson, Jackson, and the City of Ferguson, asking for damages in excess of $75,000 as well as attorney's fees.^[352]^[353] On {{nowrap|May 27}}, 2015, the lawsuit was moved from state court to federal court.^[354]

On {{nowrap|July 14}}, 2015, U.S. District Judge E. Richard Webber responded to defense motions by dismissing four of the seven counts of the lawsuit and declining to dismiss two other counts.^[355]^[356] On {{nowrap|June 20}}, 2017, Webber approved a settlement between Brown's parents and the city of Ferguson. Terms of the agreement, including the settlement amount, were sealed from the public.^[19]^[20] A Ferguson city attorney revealed the city's insurance company paid $1.5 million.^[21]

Dorian Johnson lawsuit

On {{nowrap|April 29}}, 2015, Johnson filed a lawsuit in state court against Wilson, Jackson, and the City of Ferguson for being stopped by Wilson without probable cause, reasonable suspicion or legal justification to detain him. The lawsuit claimed that, according to the findings of the {{section link||DOJ investigation into the Ferguson Police Department}}, law enforcement efforts focused on generating revenue rather than protecting the town's citizens. Johnson seeks {{USD}}25,000 in damages.^[360]^[361]^[362] On {{nowrap|May 27}}, 2015, the lawsuit was moved from state court to federal court.^[363] The court denied the defendants' motion to dismiss the case; they appealed, and the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled against them on July 25, 2017,^[22] allowing the lawsuit to go forward.

Appointment of Delrish Moss as police chief

On May 9, 2016, Delrish Moss, a Miami law enforcement veteran and expert in community relations,^[23] was sworn in as the first permanent African American chief in Ferguson. He said his challenges would include diversifying the police force and dramatically improving community relations.^[24]

Lezley McSpadden announces run for Ferguson City Council

On April 25, 2018, Brown's mother, Lezely McSpadden, announced to a Harvard University forum on police violence that she will run for City Council of Ferguson.^[367] If successful, she will be part of the oversight of the Ferguson Police Department. Ferguson's residents are predominately black, but its city council and police department were both predominately white when Brown was killed.

In popular culture

On De L'Amour — his final studio album released before his death in 2017 — the French rock and roll singer Johnny Hallyday sings "Dans la peau de Mike Brown", a song against racial crimes and in memory of the 18-year-old black man ("Ferguson Missouri, it's like the History bending, the return of the accursed times, the strange fruits on the black branches, black as the color, of all the bodies, in the evening counting the bullets, in Mike Brown's skin, in Mike Brown's skin...").

In Prince's song about the Baltimore's protests, "Baltimore", he sings ... "does anybody hear us pray for Michael Brown or Freddie Gray? Peace is more than the absence of war".

Brown's death is the subject of song What It Means by Drive-By Truckers on their 2016 album American Band.

Poet Danez Smith published the poem [https://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poem/not-elegy-mike-brown "not an Elegy for Mike Brown"].

See also

Missouri governor Jay Nixon ordered local police organizations to cede much of their authority to the Missouri State Highway Patrol.A grand jury was called and given extensive evidence from Robert McCulloch, the St. Louis County Prosecutor. On {{nowrap|November 24}}, 2014, McCulloch announced the St. Louis County grand jury had decided not to indict Wilson. On {{nowrap|March 4}}, 2015, the U.S. Department of Justice reported the conclusion of its own investigation and cleared Wilson of civil rights violations in the shooting. It found forensic evidence supported the officer's account, that witnesses who corroborated the officer's account were credible, and that witnesses who had incriminated him were not credible, with some admitting they had not directly seen the events. The Department of Justice concluded that Wilson shot Brown in self-defense.{{sfn |USDOJ |2015 | pp=80–82}}==Backgrounds==Michael Brown Jr. (May 20, 1996 – August 9, 2014) graduated from Normandy High School in {{nowrap|St. Louis County}} eight days before his death, completing an alternative education program. At the time of his death, he was 18 years old, {{convert|6|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}} tall, and weighed {{convert|292|lb|kg|abbr=on}}. He was an amateur musician who posted his songs on the popular music-sharing site Soundcloud under the handle "Big'Mike".{{Cite news|url=http://graphics.latimes.com/towergraphic-michael-browns-raps/|title=Michael Brown's raps: Money, sex, drugs — and a vulnerable side|work=latimes.com|access-date=January 26, 2018|language=en}}
4. ^"Michael Brown remembered as a 'gentle giant'" by Elisa Crouch, St. Louis Post-Dispatch, August 11, 2014
5. ^¹²³⁴{{cite web | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/darren-wilsons-first-job-was-on-a-troubled-police-force-disbanded-by-authorities/2014/08/23/1ac796f0-2a45-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html | title=Darren Wilson's first job was on a troubled police force disbanded by authorities | work=The Washington Post | date=August 23, 2014 | access-date=August 7, 2015 | author=Leonnig, Carol D.|authorlink=Carol D. Leonnig}}
6. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.star-telegram.com/news/local/article3870298.html | title=Officer in Ferguson shooting has dropped from sight | work=Fort Worth Star-Telegram | date=August 21, 2014 | accessdate=August 7, 2015}}
7. ^¹{{cite web|work=The New Yorker|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/08/10/the-cop|date=August 10, 2015|title=The Cop|author=Halpern, Jake}}
8. ^¹{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/25/us/darren-wilsons-unremarkable-past-offers-few-clues-into-ferguson-shooting.html | title=Darren Wilson Was Low-Profile Officer With Unsettled Early Days | work=The New York Times | date=August 25, 2014 | access-date=August 7, 2015 | author=Davey, Monica}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/ferguson-market-disputes-claims-as-new-michael-brown-documentary-prompts/article_fc382406-dbd5-5f53-aeda-4de3f2d5d31e.html|title=Ferguson Market disputes claims as new Michael Brown documentary prompts new protest|work=stltoday.com}}
10. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/ferguson-video-about-death-of-michael-brown-rekindles-unrest-arrests/article_d484096d-dbe1-5818-b2c7-4a7c21fad2f3.html|title=Ferguson video about death of Michael Brown rekindles unrest, arrests|last=Currier|first=Christine Byers, Joel|work=stltoday.com|date=March 14, 2017|access-date=June 29, 2017}}
11. ^{{harvnb |USDOJ |2015 | pages=8–9}}, Section B. Initial Law Enforcement Investigation
12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.people-press.org/2014/08/18/stark-racial-divisions-in-reactions-to-ferguson-police-shooting/|title=Stark Racial Divisions in Reactions to Ferguson Police Shooting|last=|first=|date=August 18, 2014|website=Pew Research Center|access-date=February 6, 2017}}
13. ^{{cite AV media | title=The Last Word with Lawrence O'Donnell – "Rewrite" segment | publisher=MSNBC | date=November 26, 2014 | medium=Television}}
14. ^{{cite news |first=Jeremy |last=Kohler |title=Man accused of trading shots with police in Ferguson charged, in critical condition |date=August 11, 2015 |accessdate=September 16, 2016 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/man-accused-of-trading-shots-with-police-in-ferguson-charged/article_1b2ea8e3-2386-565a-8184-c74c1eac8319.html}}
15. ^{{cite news |first=Oliver |last=Laughland |title=Ferguson: Tyrone Harris 'shown drawing gun' in video before shooting |date=August 11, 2015 |accessdate=September 16, 2016 |website=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/aug/12/ferguson-tyrone-harris-shown-drawing-gun-in-video-before-shooting}}
16. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/11/us/darren-wilson-day-columbia-missouri-ferguson-michael-brown.html|title=Police Group's 'Darren Wilson Day' is condemned|date=August 11, 2015|work=The New York Times|first=Daniel|last=Victor|accessdate=August 10, 2015}}
17. ^{{cite news|url=http://talkingpointsmemo.com/livewire/darren-wilson-day-police-post|title=Police Union In Missouri Declares 'Darren Wilson Day' On Shooting Anniversary|date=August 10, 2015|first=Sara|last=Jerde}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.shawneeok.org/gov/administration/cityclerk/court/warrants/statistics.asp|title=City of Shawnee Municipal Court Online Warrants|website=www.shawneeok.org}}
19. ^{{cite news|last1=Patrick|first1=Robert|title=Wrongful death lawsuit over death of Michael Brown settled in secret|url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/wrongful-death-lawsuit-over-death-of-michael-brown-settled-in/article_2cf3db2a-f019-58b8-97fc-56db5b3bbe05.html|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|date=June 21, 2017}}
20. ^{{cite news|last1=Simpson|first1=Ian|title=Ferguson settles lawsuit over black teen killed by police in Missouri|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-missouri-ferguson-idUSKBN19B3BG|publisher=Reuters|date=June 20, 2017}}
21. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wbrc.com/story/35734423/ferguson-attorney-brown-family-settlement-15-million |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2017-06-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623170758/http://www.wbrc.com/story/35734423/ferguson-attorney-brown-family-settlement-15-million |archivedate=June 23, 2017 |df=mdy-all }}
22. ^{{cite court|litigants=Johnson v. City of Ferguson|vol=864|reporter=F.3d|opinion=866|court=8th Cir.|date=2017|url=https://www.leagle.com/decision/infco20170725177|access-date=November 8, 2018|via=Leagle}}
23. ^{{cite news |title=Ferguson Names Black Police Chief |date=March 31, 2016 |website=The New York Times |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/01/us/missouri-an-officer-from-miami-is-the-new-police-chief-for-ferguson.html}}
24. ^{{cite news |title=Ferguson's first black police chief to be sworn in Monday |date=May 9, 2016 |access-date=September 16, 2016 |website=CBS News |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/delrish-moss-fergusons-first-black-police-chief-to-be-sworn-in-monday/}}
25. ^{{cite news |first= |last= |title= |date= |accessdate= |website= |url= |archiveutl= }}
26. ^¹{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Casselman |title=It's Incredibly Rare For A Grand Jury To Do What Ferguson's Just Did |date=November 24, 2014 |accessdate=December 17, 2014 |website=FiveThirtyEight |url=http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/ferguson-michael-brown-indictment-darren-wilson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218182343/http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/ferguson-michael-brown-indictment-darren-wilson/ |archivedate=December 18, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
27. ^¹{{cite news |first=Dean |last=Schabner |title=Two NYPD Cops 'Assassinated' in Brooklyn Ambush |date=December 21, 2014 |accessdate=April 11, 2015 |publisher=ABC News |url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/nypd-cops-assassinated-brooklyn-ambush/story?id=27738835 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411125008/http://abcnews.go.com/US/nypd-cops-assassinated-brooklyn-ambush/story?id=27738835 |archivedate=April 11, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
28. ^¹{{cite news |first=Alan Scher |last=Zagier |title=US Judge Narrows Michael Brown Family Suit Against Ferguson |date=July 14, 2015 |accessdate=July 22, 2015 |publisher=ABC News |agency=Associated Press |url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/federal-judge-narrows-brown-family-lawsuit-ferguson-32447087}}
29. ^¹{{cite news |first=Dan |last=Good |title=Exclusive: Police Officer Darren Wilson Discusses Firing Deadly Shot |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=November 27, 2014 |publisher=ABC News |url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/exclusive-police-officer-darren-wilson-discusses-moment-shot/story?id=27186946 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127111522/http://abcnews.go.com/US/exclusive-police-officer-darren-wilson-discusses-moment-shot/story?id=27186946 |archivedate=November 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
30. ^¹{{cite news |first=Alan Scher |last=Zagier |title=Federal Autopsy Released in Ferguson Shooting |date=December 8, 2014 |accessdate=December 8, 2014 |publisher=ABC News |agency=Associated Press |url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/key-interview-missing-ferguson-documents-27450239 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141212083523/http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/key-interview-missing-ferguson-documents-27450239 |archivedate=December 12, 2014 |deadurl=yes}}
31. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mike |last=Levine |first2=Pierre |last2=Thomas |first3=Jack |last3=Cloherty |first4=Jack |last4=Date |title=Ferguson Report: DOJ Will Not Charge Darren Wilson in Michael Brown Shooting |date=March 4, 2015 |accessdate=March 22, 2015 |publisher=ABC News |url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/ferguson-report-doj-charge-darren-wilson-michael-brown/story?id=29338078 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320124348/http://abcnews.go.com/US/ferguson-report-doj-charge-darren-wilson-michael-brown/story?id=29338078 |archivedate=March 20, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
32. ^¹{{cite news |first=Matthew |last=Larotonda |first2=Chris |last2=Good |title=Obama Says 'We May Never Know What Happened' in Ferguson, But Defends DOJ |date=March 6, 2015 |accessdate=April 11, 2015 |publisher=ABC News |url=http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/obama-happened-ferguson-defends-doj/story?id=29441456 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411120747/http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/obama-happened-ferguson-defends-doj/story?id=29441456 |archivedate=April 11, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
33. ^¹{{cite news |first=Colleen |last=Curry |first2=Sabina |last2=Ghebremedhin |title=Michael Brown Could Have Survived First 5 Shots, Last Shot Killed Him, Autopsy Says |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |publisher=ABC News |url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/michael-brown-survived-shots-shot-killed/story?id=25017247 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141126152214/http://abcnews.go.com/US/michael-brown-survived-shots-shot-killed/story?id=25017247 |archivedate=November 26, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
34. ^¹{{cite web |title=ACLU Receives Ferguson Police Department's Incident Report on Fatal Michael Brown Shooting |date=August 22, 2014 |accessdate=December 28, 2014 |website=ACLU of Missouri |url=http://www.aclu-mo.org/newsviews/2014/08/22/aclu-receives-ferguson-police-departments-incident-report-fa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228180112/http://www.aclu-mo.org/newsviews/2014/08/22/aclu-receives-ferguson-police-departments-incident-report-fa |archivedate=December 28, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
35. ^¹{{cite news |author=The America Tonight Digital Team |title=What Michael Brown's stepdad said before he climbed onto the car |date=December 3, 2014 |accessdate=December 8, 2014 |publisher=Al Jazeera |url=http://america.aljazeera.com/watch/shows/america-tonight/articles/2014/12/3/what-michael-brownsstepdadsaidbeforeheclimbedontothecar.html}}
36. ^¹{{cite web |title=On the Streets of America: Human Rights Abuses in Ferguson |date=October 24, 2014 |accessdate=October 25, 2014 |publisher=Amnesty International |url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/research/reports/on-the-streets-of-america-human-rights-abuses-in-ferguson |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024065957/http://www.amnestyusa.org/research/reports/on-the-streets-of-america-human-rights-abuses-in-ferguson |archivedate=October 24, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
37. ^¹{{cite web |title=Amnesty International Sends Human Rights Delegation to Ferguson, Missouri |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=Amnesty International |url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/news/press-releases/amnesty-international-sends-human-rights-delegation-to-ferguson-missouri |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819125654/http://www.amnestyusa.org/news/press-releases/amnesty-international-sends-human-rights-delegation-to-ferguson-missouri |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
38. ^¹{{cite news |first=Holbrook |last=Mohr |first2=David A. |last2=Lieb |first3=Phillip |last3=Lucas |title=Ferguson grand jury papers full of inconsistencies |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=November 27, 2014 |website=AP News |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/078c82ad45ff4ec6aa1c7744dfa7df14/grand-jury-documents-rife-inconsistencies |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127015755/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/078c82ad45ff4ec6aa1c7744dfa7df14/grand-jury-documents-rife-inconsistencies |archivedate=November 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
39. ^¹{{cite news |first=David |last=Crary |title=AP poll: Police killings of blacks voted top story of 2014 |date=December 22, 2014 |accessdate=December 22, 2014 |agency=Associated Press |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/ad250438af4e4fae95d7e41f537661ef/ap-poll-police-killings-blacks-voted-top-story-2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222162431/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/ad250438af4e4fae95d7e41f537661ef/ap-poll-police-killings-blacks-voted-top-story-2014 |archivedate=December 22, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
40. ^¹{{cite news |first=James |last=Hamblin |title=The Photos of Darren Wilson's Injury |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 28, 2014 |website=The Atlantic |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/11/the-photos-of-darren-wilsons-injury/383155/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228200821/http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/11/the-photos-of-darren-wilsons-injury/383155/ |archivedate=December 28, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
41. ^¹{{cite news |title=Ferguson shooting: Protests spread across US |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-30203526 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141126070426/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-30203526 |archivedate=November 26, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
42. ^¹{{cite web |title=#BlackLivesMatter stands in solidarity... |date=n.d. |accessdate=June 30, 2015 |website=Black Lives Matter |url=http://blacklivesmatter.com/ferguson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150628151224/http://blacklivesmatter.com/ferguson/ |archivedate=June 28, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
43. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Harris |first2=Edvard |last2=Pettersson |title=Ferguson Officer Compared Brown to Hulk Hogan |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |website=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2014-11-25/ferguson-cop-told-grand-jury-he-feared-for-his-life |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127064556/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-11-25/ferguson-cop-told-grand-jury-he-feared-for-his-life.html |archivedate=November 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
44. ^¹{{cite news |first=Frances |last=Robles |first2=Julie |last2=Bosman |title=Michael Brown was shot 6 times by Ferguson officer, preliminary autopsy shows |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=Boston Globe |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2014/08/17/michael-brown-was-shot-times-ferguson-officer-preliminary-autopsy-shows/izi6zze4Z2QebrpaWtG2nI/story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819100401/http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2014/08/17/michael-brown-was-shot-times-ferguson-officer-preliminary-autopsy-shows/izi6zze4Z2QebrpaWtG2nI/story.html |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
45. ^¹{{cite news |first=Tom |last=Hamburger |first2=John |last2=Sullivan |title=Unorthodox forensic practices shown in Ferguson documents |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |website=Boston Globe |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2014/11/26/unorthodox-forensic-practices-shown-ferguson-documents/JEgxCWRIx9y9xYF9QjToeJ/story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204212244/http://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2014/11/26/unorthodox-forensic-practices-shown-ferguson-documents/JEgxCWRIx9y9xYF9QjToeJ/story.html |archivedate=December 4, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
46. ^¹{{cite news |first=Chris |last=Geidner |title=Amnesty International Takes "Unprecedented" U.S. Action In Ferguson |date=August 17, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=BuzzFeed News |url=https://www.buzzfeed.com/chrisgeidner/amnesty-international-takes-unprecedented-us-action-in-fergu#3vzdute |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821234046/http://www.buzzfeed.com/chrisgeidner/amnesty-international-takes-unprecedented-us-action-in-fergu#3ochg8t |archivedate=August 21, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
47. ^¹{{cite news |author=CBS/AP |title=Michael Brown autopsy results revealed; National Guard deployed |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |publisher=CBS News |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/preliminary-autopsy-shows-michael-brown-shot-six-times/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819035833/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/preliminary-autopsy-shows-michael-brown-shot-six-times/ |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
48. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news |title=Documents describe Ferguson officer's version of fatal shooting |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |publisher=CBS News |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/documents-describe-ferguson-officers-version-of-fatal-shooting/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125072219/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/documents-describe-ferguson-officers-version-of-fatal-shooting/ |archivedate=November 25, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
49. ^¹{{cite news |author1=CBS staff |author2=AP |title=Feds launch investigation into Ferguson police department |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=April 27, 2015 |publisher=CBS News |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ferguson-missouri-shooting-feds-launch-investigation-into-police-department/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905144645/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ferguson-missouri-shooting-feds-launch-investigation-into-police-department/ |archivedate=September 5, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
50. ^{{cite news |first=Rebecca |last=Kaplan |author2=Face The Nation |title=NAACP president: Special prosecutor "critically important" in Ferguson |date=August 17, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |publisher=CBS News |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/naacp-president-special-prosecutor-critically-important-in-ferguson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818092336/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/naacp-president-special-prosecutor-critically-important-in-ferguson/ |archivedate=August 18, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
51. ^¹{{cite news |author=CBS/AP |title=Ferguson police say teen shot by cop was suspect in robbery; officer's identity revealed |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |publisher=CBS News |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/darren-wilson-ferguson-police-officer-who-fatally-shot-michael-brown-identified/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140816073643/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/darren-wilson-ferguson-police-officer-who-fatally-shot-michael-brown-identified/ |archivedate=August 16, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
52. ^¹{{cite news |author=Tribune wire reports |title=Protests near St. Louis continue for slain teen after riot, arrests |date=August 11, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Chicago Tribune |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-missouri-police-shooting-20140811-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825195539/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-missouri-police-shooting-20140811-story.html |archivedate=August 25, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
53. ^¹{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/chi-ferguson-cop-shooting-suspect-20150316-story.html|title=Attorney: Ferguson shooting suspect didn't target officers|publisher=Chicago Tribune|date=March 16, 2015|accessdate=October 29, 2017}}
54. ^¹{{cite news |title=American Killed Fighting for ISIS; Interview with Rear Admiral John Kirby, Pentagon Press Secretary; FBI Analyzing Alleged New Audio of Brown Shooting |date=August 27, 2014 |accessdate=August 28, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1408/27/nday.05.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828114136/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1408/27/nday.05.html |archivedate=August 28, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
55. ^¹{{cite news |first=Holly |last=Yan |title=FBI analyzing alleged audio of Michael Brown shooting |date=August 27, 2014 |accessdate=August 28, 2014 |website=CNN U.S. |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/27/us/michael-brown-ferguson-shooting-audio/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828114254/http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/27/us/michael-brown-ferguson-shooting-audio/ |archivedate=August 28, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
56. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Holly |last=Yan |title=Attorney: New audio reveals pause in gunfire when Michael Brown was shot |date=August 27, 2014 |accessdate=August 28, 2014 |website=CNN U.S. |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/26/us/michael-brown-ferguson-shooting/index.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827180011/http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/26/us/michael-brown-ferguson-shooting/index.html |archivedate=August 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
57. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jason |last=Hanna |title=Audio captured about time of Michael Brown shooting, company says |date=August 28, 2014 |accessdate=August 28, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/28/justice/michael-brown-ferguson-shooting-audio/index.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828212822/http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/28/justice/michael-brown-ferguson-shooting-audio/index.html |archivedate=August 28, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
58. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹{{cite news |first=Josh |last=Levs |title=One challenge for Ferguson grand jury: Some witnesses' credibility |date=December 14, 2014 |accessdate=April 28, 2015 |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/12/14/justice/ferguson-witnesses-credibility/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420204852/http://www.cnn.com/2014/12/14/justice/ferguson-witnesses-credibility/ |archivedate=April 20, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
59. ^¹{{cite news |first=Moni |last=Basu |first2=Holly |last2=Yan |first3=Dana |last3=Ford |title=Fires, chaos erupt in Ferguson after grand jury doesn't indict in Michael Brown case |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/24/justice/ferguson-grand-jury/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202204603/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/24/justice/ferguson-grand-jury/ |archivedate=December 2, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
60. ^¹{{cite news |publisher=KMOV |title=Michael Brown's friend describes shooting |date=August 12, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |via=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/videos/us/2014/08/12/sot-dorian-johnson-michael-brown-shooting.kmov |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140825184335/http://www.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/us/2014/08/12/sot-dorian-johnson-michael-brown-shooting.kmov.html |archivedate=August 25, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
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62. ^¹{{cite news |first=Eliott C. |last=McLaughlin |first2=Ed |last2=Payne |title=Michael Brown family files lawsuit, seeks at least $75,000 in Ferguson case |date=April 23, 2015 |accessdate=April 23, 2015 |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/23/us/ferguson-missouri-michael-brown-parents-civil-lawsuit/index.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150423053735/http://www.cnn.com/2015/04/23/us/ferguson-missouri-michael-brown-parents-civil-lawsuit/index.html |archivedate=April 23, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
63. ^¹{{cite news |title=Dueling narratives in Michael Brown shooting |date=September 16, 2014 |accessdate=October 16, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/19/us/ferguson-michael-brown-dueling-narratives/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016235340/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/19/us/ferguson-michael-brown-dueling-narratives/ |archivedate=October 16, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
64. ^{{cite news |title=Alleged Audio Recording Of Moment Michael Brown Was Shot Has Surfaced |date=August 25, 2014 |accessdate=August 28, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1408/25/cnnt.02.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828114515/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1408/25/cnnt.02.html |archivedate=August 28, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
65. ^¹{{cite news |first=Ralph |last=Ellis |first2=Brian |last2=Todd |first3=Faith |last3=Karimi |title=Citing security concerns, Darren Wilson resigns from Ferguson police force |date=November 29, 2014 |accessdate=November 29, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/29/us/ferguson-protests |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141130200016/http://www.cnn.com/2014/11/29/us/ferguson-protests/ |archivedate=November 30, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
66. ^¹{{cite news |first=Greg |last=Botelho |first2=Catherine E. |last2=Shoichet |title=State, county police take over Ferguson protest security after shooting |date=March 12, 2015 |accessdate=March 27, 2015 |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/12/us/ferguson-protests/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318231142/http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/12/us/ferguson-protests/ |archivedate=March 18, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
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68. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jason |last=Hanna |first2=Evan |last2=Perez |first3=Shimon |last3=Prokupecz |title=Michael Brown's stepfather sorry for outburst in Ferguson protests |date=December 4, 2014 |accessdate=December 4, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/12/03/justice/ferguson-protests/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205003622/http://www.cnn.com/2014/12/03/justice/ferguson-protests/ |archivedate=December 5, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
69. ^¹{{cite news |first=Ray |last=Sanchez |title=Michael Brown's stepfather at rally: 'Burn this bitch down!' |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=December 1, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/25/us/michael-brown-stepfather-video/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204004800/http://www.cnn.com/2014/11/25/us/michael-brown-stepfather-video/ |archivedate=December 4, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
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71. ^{{cite news |first=Saeed |last=Ahmed |title=Ferguson flash mob disrupts St. Louis symphony with Michael Brown requiem |date=October 6, 2014 |accessdate=December 13, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/10/06/us/michael-brown-symphony-performance/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201214844/http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/06/us/michael-brown-symphony-performance/ |archivedate=December 1, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
72. ^¹{{cite news |first=Rachel |last=Clarke |title=Wilson's testimony changes little, though evidence questions some points |date=November 27, 2014 |accessdate=December 4, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/27/us/darren-wilson-testimony-compared/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204200253/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/27/us/darren-wilson-testimony-compared/ |archivedate=December 4, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
73. ^¹{{cite news |first=Catherine E. |last=Shoichet |first2=Ben |last2=Brumfield |first3=Tristan |last3=Smith |title=Tear gas fills Ferguson's streets again |date=August 13, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=CNN U.S. |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/13/us/missouri-teen-shooting/index.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827115453/http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/13/us/missouri-teen-shooting/index.html |archivedate=August 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
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75. ^¹[transcript] {{cite news |publisher=CNN |title=National Guard troop are now in charge in Ferguson, Missouri security; Result of autopsy performed by Michael Baden to Michael Brown's body was released; A Woman told officer Darren Wilson's side of the story on the incident; |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=November 19, 2014 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1408/18/cnr.05.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141119173133/http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1408/18/cnr.05.html |archivedate=November 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
76. ^¹{{cite news |first=Raul A. |last=Reyes |title=Ferguson message: Justice system unfair to minorities |date=November 27, 2014 |accessdate=November 27, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/24/opinion/reyes-ferguson-grand-jury/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201133821/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/24/opinion/reyes-ferguson-grand-jury/ |archivedate=December 1, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
77. ^¹{{cite news |author=Anderson Cooper 360 |title=Police Chief: Michael Brown was 'unarmed' |date=August 11, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/videos/us/2014/08/12/ac-michael-brown-killed-thomas-jackson-intv.cnn |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813040058/http://www.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/us/2014/08/12/ac-michael-brown-killed-thomas-jackson-intv.cnn.html |archivedate=August 13, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
78. ^¹{{cite web |title=Brown, Michael — Post Mortem Examination — Exam Case:2014–5143 |date=August 10, 2014 |accessdate=December 1, 2014 |publisher=St. Louis County, Office of the Medical Examiner |url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.documentcloud.org/documents/1370591/2014-5143-autopsy-report.pdf |format=PDF-15.3 MB-6 pages |pages=3–4}}(HTML version)
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81. ^¹{{cite news |first=Chuck |last=Ross |title=St. Louis Medical Examiner Slams Brown Family Hire |date=August 21, 2014 |accessdate=November 19, 2014 |website=The Daily Caller |url=http://dailycaller.com/2014/08/21/st-louis-medical-examiner-slams-brown-family-hire/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029082212/http://dailycaller.com/2014/08/21/st-louis-medical-examiner-slams-brown-family-hire/ |archivedate=October 29, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
82. ^¹{{cite news |first=Kieran |last=Corcoran |title=Blow by blow, Ferguson cop's full version of why he shot Michael Brown |date=October 22, 2014 |accessdate=October 22, 2014 |website=Daily Mail |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2802660/blow-blow-ferguson-cop-s-account-killed-michael-brown-darren-wilson-claim-incredibly-strong-teen-pushed-gun-hip-frantic-struggle-car-shot-head-charged-street.html |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20141022083430/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2802660/blow-blow-ferguson-cop-s-account-killed-michael-brown-darren-wilson-claim-incredibly-strong-teen-pushed-gun-hip-frantic-struggle-car-shot-head-charged-street.html |archivedate=October 22, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
83. ^¹{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Bates |title=Darren Wilson's '$1 million' warchest revealed by woman organizing support for officer – and who says: 'Michael Brown made a bad choice that day.' |date=November 28, 2014 |accessdate=April 20, 2015 |website=Daily Mail |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2851213/Darren-Wilson-receive-1-million-funding-supporters-woman-organizing-officer-s-friends-group-says-Michael-Brown-bad-choice-day.html |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20141230025920/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2851213/Darren-Wilson-receive-1-million-funding-supporters-woman-organizing-officer-s-friends-group-says-Michael-Brown-bad-choice-day.html |archivedate=December 30, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
84. ^¹{{cite web |title=Ferguson City Attorney Stephanie Karr makes Statement on FOI Requests |date=September 5, 2014 |accessdate=December 29, 2014 |website=Devin James Group |url=http://www.devinjamesgroup.com/ferguson-city-attorney-stephanie-karr-makes-statement-on-foi-requests/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215014940/http://www.devinjamesgroup.com/ferguson-city-attorney-stephanie-karr-makes-statement-on-foi-requests/ |archivedate=December 15, 2014 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy-all }}
85. ^¹{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Pearce |title=Feds blast Ferguson leaks as attempt to sway public |date=October 23, 2014 |accessdate=October 24, 2014 |website=Detroit Free Press |url=http://www.freep.com/story/news/nation/2014/10/23/feds-blast-ferguson-leaks-attempt-sway-public-opinion/17769683/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024202015/http://www.freep.com/story/news/nation/2014/10/23/feds-blast-ferguson-leaks-attempt-sway-public-opinion/17769683/ |archivedate=October 24, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
86. ^¹{{cite news |first=David |last=Hammer |title=Ferguson grand jury documents withheld |date=December 8, 2014 |accessdate=December 8, 2014 |website=Detroit Free Press |url=http://www.freep.com/story/news/nation/2014/12/08/michael-brown-ferguson-police-protest-grand-jury-documents/20084669/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209033526/http://www.freep.com/story/news/nation/2014/12/08/michael-brown-ferguson-police-protest-grand-jury-documents/20084669/ |archivedate=December 9, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
87. ^¹{{cite news |title=Egypt calls for restraint in Ferguson |date=August 19, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Daily News Egypt |url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/08/19/egypt-calls-restraint-ferguson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826235653/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/08/19/egypt-calls-restraint-ferguson/ |archivedate=August 26, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
88. ^¹{{cite web |title=Investigation of the Ferguson Police Department |date=March 4, 2015 |website=United States Department of Justice |publisher=USDOJ Civil Rights Division |url=http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/press-releases/attachments/2015/03/04/ferguson_police_department_report.pdf |format=PDF |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150310040150/http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/press-releases/attachments/2015/03/04/ferguson_police_department_report.pdf |archivedate=March 10, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
89. ^¹{{cite web |title=Interim Report of the President's Task Force on 21st Century Policing |date=March 4, 2015 |website=United States Department of Justice |publisher=Office of Community Oriented Policing Services |url=http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/pdf/taskforce/Interim_TF_Report.pdf |format=PDF |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150305034839/http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/pdf/taskforce/Interim_TF_Report.pdf |archivedate=March 5, 2015 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy-all }}
90. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸⁹¹⁰¹¹¹²¹³{{cite web |title=Department of Justice Report Regarding the Criminal Investigation Into the Shooting Death of Michael Brown by Ferguson, Missouri Police Officer Darren Wilson |date=March 4, 2015 |accessdate=March 29, 2015 |website=United States Department of Justice |url=http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/press-releases/attachments/2015/03/04/doj_report_on_shooting_of_michael_brown_1.pdf |format=PDF |ref = {{harvid |USDOJ |2015}} |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315022048/http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/press-releases/attachments/2015/03/04/doj_report_on_shooting_of_michael_brown_1.pdf |archivedate=March 15, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
91. ^¹{{cite news |title=We don't belong here |date=November 29, 2014 |accessdate=November 29, 2014 |website=The Economist |url=https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21635007-rioting-one-run-down-suburb-st-louis-shows-enduring-rift-between-blacks-and |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129022352/http://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21635007-rioting-one-run-down-suburb-st-louis-shows-enduring-rift-between-blacks-and |archivedate=November 29, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
92. ^¹{{cite news |first=Roger |last=Parloff |title=Two deaths: The crucial difference between Eric Garner's case and Michael Brown's |date=December 5, 2014 |accessdate=December 12, 2014 |website=Fortune |url=http://fortune.com/2014/12/05/two-deaths-the-crucial-difference-between-eric-garners-case-and-michael-browns/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141213023054/http://fortune.com/2014/12/05/two-deaths-the-crucial-difference-between-eric-garners-case-and-michael-browns/ |archivedate=December 13, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
93. ^¹{{cite news |title=Ferguson Police Chief Thomas Jackson cedes much of his authority |date=August 16, 2014 |accessdate=September 15, 2014 |publisher=Fox News Channel |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/08/16/ferguson-police-chief-thomas-jackson-cedes-much-his-authority/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819143804/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/08/16/ferguson-police-chief-thomas-jackson-cedes-much-his-authority/ |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
94. ^¹{{cite news |title=Gov. Nixon declares state of emergency, imposes curfew in Ferguson |date=August 16, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=Fox News Channel |url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/08/16/gov-nixon-declares-emergency-imposes-curfew-in-ferguson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819095238/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/08/16/gov-nixon-declares-emergency-imposes-curfew-in-ferguson/ |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
95. ^{{cite news |title=Gunshots, looting after grand jury in Ferguson case does not indict officer in Michael Brown shooting |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 25, 2014 |publisher=Fox News Channel |url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/11/25/ferguson-grand-jury-decision/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125112944/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/11/25/ferguson-grand-jury-decision/ |archivedate=November 25, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
96. ^¹{{cite news |title='Hands Up, Don't Shoot' becomes rallying cry despite questions whether hands were raised high |date=November 27, 2014 |accessdate=December 4, 2014 |publisher=Fox News Channel |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/11/27/hands-up-dont-shoot-becomes-rallying-cry-despite-questions-whether-hands-were/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115175929/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/11/27/hands-up-dont-shoot-becomes-rallying-cry-despite-questions-whether-hands-were/ |archivedate=January 15, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
97. ^¹²³{{cite news |title=What the grand jury heard: Ferguson witness accounts differ from story on street |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |publisher=Fox News Channel |url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/11/25/what-grand-jury-heard-ferguson-witnesses-account-differs-from-story-on-street/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141126044421/http://www.foxnews.com/us/2014/11/25/what-grand-jury-heard-ferguson-witnesses-account-differs-from-story-on-street/ |archivedate=November 26, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
98. ^¹{{cite web |title=In the Moment: Glide Verifies Ferguson Shooting Recording |date=August 28, 2014 |accessdate=August 29, 2014 |website=Glide |url=http://blog.glide.me/post/96012321805/in-the-moment-glide-verifies-ferguson-shooting |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828213529/http://blog.glide.me/post/96012321805/in-the-moment-glide-verifies-ferguson-shooting |archivedate=August 28, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
99. ^¹{{cite news |first=Hannah |last=Giorgis |title=Beyond 'Hands Up, Don't Shoot': what if there's no indictment in Ferguson? |date=November 10, 2014 |accessdate=December 4, 2014 |website=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/nov/10/no-indictment-ferguson-no-justice-michael-brown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141203092931/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/nov/10/no-indictment-ferguson-no-justice-michael-brown |archivedate=December 3, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
100. ^¹{{cite news |first=Nicky |last=Woolf |title=Ferguson prosecutor says witnesses in Darren Wilson case lied under oath |date=December 19, 2014 |accessdate=July 4, 2015 |website=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/dec/19/ferguson-prosecutor-witnesses-darren-wilson-michael-brown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150629163238/http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/dec/19/ferguson-prosecutor-witnesses-darren-wilson-michael-brown |archivedate=June 29, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
101. ^¹{{cite news |first=Joanna |last=Walters |first2=Jon |last2=Swaine |title=Missouri governor points finger at Ferguson police chief for new violence |date=August 17, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/17/missouri-governor-points-finger-ferguson-police-chief-renewed-violence |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818080129/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/17/missouri-governor-points-finger-ferguson-police-chief-renewed-violence |archivedate=August 18, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
102. ^¹{{cite news |first=Blue |last=Browning |title=Conflicting accounts of Michael Brown shooting |date=August 31, 2014 |accessdate=October 16, 2014 |website=HLN |url=http://www.hlntv.com/slideshow/2014/08/31/conflicting-accounts-michael-brown-ferguson-shooting |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140831192625/http://www.hlntv.com/slideshow/2014/08/31/conflicting-accounts-michael-brown-ferguson-shooting |archivedate=August 31, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
103. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Andres |last=Jauregui |title=Witnesses Lied Under Oath In Ferguson Grand Jury, Prosecutor Says |date=December 19, 2014 |accessdate=April 27, 2015 |website=The Huffington Post |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/19/witnesses-lied-ferguson-grand-jury-bob-mcculloch_n_6356804.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116044958/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/12/19/witnesses-lied-ferguson-grand-jury-bob-mcculloch_n_6356804.html |archivedate=January 16, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
104. ^¹{{cite news |first=Yohuru |last=Williams |title=You're Nobody 'Till Somebody Kills You: Baltimore, Freddie Gray and the Problem of History |date=June 29, 2015 |accessdate=June 30, 2015 |website=The Huffington Post |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/yohuru-williams/youre-nobody-till-somebod_b_7167028.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529012247/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/yohuru-williams/youre-nobody-till-somebod_b_7167028.html |archivedate=May 29, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
105. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mariah |last=Stewart |title=Witness to Michael Brown's Death Sues City of Ferguson, Former Police Chief And Darren Wilson |date=May 7, 2015 |accessdate=May 7, 2015 |website=The Huffington Post |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/05/06/dorian-johnson-lawsuit_n_7226276.html}}
106. ^{{cite news |first=Andrew |last=Hart |title=Missouri State Senator On Michael Brown Killing: Theft Does Not Equal Death |date=August 16, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=The Huffington Post |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/16/missouri-state-senator-michael-brown-death_n_5684883.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817064554/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/16/missouri-state-senator-michael-brown-death_n_5684883.html |archivedate=August 17, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
107. ^{{cite news |first=Jim |last=Suhr |agency=Associated Press |title=Year After Death, Michael Brown Lies In Relative Obscurity |date=November 29, 2015 |accessdate=April 19, 2016 |website=The Huffington Post |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/michael-brown-grave_us_565b4ecde4b072e9d1c22c62}}
108. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Hanrahan |title=Michael Brown Shooting: Witness Accounts Tell Conflicting Stories |date=August 21, 2014 |accessdate=October 16, 2014 |website=International Business Times |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/michael-brown-shooting-witness-accounts-tell-conflicting-stories-1664786 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005203801/http://www.ibtimes.com/michael-brown-shooting-witness-accounts-tell-conflicting-stories-1664786 |archivedate=October 5, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
109. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Thomas |last=Barrabi |title=Michael Brown Robbed Convenience Store, Stole Cigarillos Before Darren Wilson Shooting, Dorian Johnson Says |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |website=International Business Times |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/michael-brown-robbed-convenience-store-stole-cigarillos-darren-wilson-shooting-dorian-1729359 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202161139/http://www.ibtimes.com/michael-brown-robbed-convenience-store-stole-cigarillos-darren-wilson-shooting-dorian-1729359 |archivedate=December 2, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
110. ^¹{{cite news |first=Treye |last=Green |title=Dorian Johnson, Mike Brown Shooting Witness, Meeting With FBI And County Prosecutor |date=August 13, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=International Business Times |url=http://www.ibtimes.com/dorian-johnson-mike-brown-shooting-witness-meeting-fbi-county-prosecutor-1657892 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814024406/http://www.ibtimes.com/dorian-johnson-mike-brown-shooting-witness-meeting-fbi-county-prosecutor-1657892 |archivedate=August 14, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
111. ^¹{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Hausam |title=Missouri Gov. Nixon Joins Obama Admin. & News Media Condemning Release of Ferguson Robbery Footage |date=August 2014 |accessdate=September 26, 2014 |website=Independent Journal Review |url=http://www.ijreview.com/2014/08/168788-missouri-governor-says-releasing-convenience-store-footage-right-put-region-alert/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818055144/http://www.ijreview.com/2014/08/168788-missouri-governor-says-releasing-convenience-store-footage-right-put-region-alert/ |archivedate=August 18, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
112. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Morris |title=Local pathology assistant Shawn Parcells is at the heart of the Ferguson storm |date=September 1, 2014 |accessdate=November 18, 2014 |website=The Kansas City Star |url=http://www.kansascity.com/news/local/crime/article1337089.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906064928/http://www.kansascity.com/news/local/crime/article1337089.html |archivedate=September 6, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
113. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jim |last=Suhr |title=Mourners urge black Americans to take action |date=August 25, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=The Kansas City Star |url=http://www.kansascity.com/news/state/missouri/article1290626.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826114854/http://www.kansascity.com/news/state/missouri/article1290626.html |archivedate=August 26, 2014 |deadurl=yes}}
114. ^¹{{cite news |first=Haley |last=Harrison |title=Pathologist assistant in Michael Brown case responds to controversy |date=September 24, 2014 |accessdate=November 18, 2014 |publisher=KMBC |location=Kansas City, Missouri |url=http://www.kmbc.com/news/pathologist-assistant-in-michael-brown-case-responds-to-controversy/28234292 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141118204122/http://www.kmbc.com/news/pathologist-assistant-in-michael-brown-case-responds-to-controversy/28234292 |archivedate=November 18, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
115. ^¹{{cite news |first=Adam |last=McDonald |title=President Obama releases statement on death of Michael Brown, Jr |date=August 12, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=KMOV |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://www.kmov.com/special-coverage-001/President-Obama-releases-statement-on-death-of-Michael-Brown-270966801.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813023659/http://www.kmov.com/special-coverage-001/President-Obama-releases-statement-on-death-of-Michael-Brown-270966801.html |archivedate=August 13, 2014 |deadurl=yes}}
116. ^¹{{cite news |title=Amnesty International Takes 'Unprecedented' Step in Sending Delegation to Ferguson |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=KMOX |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://stlouis.cbslocal.com/2014/08/18/amnesty-international-takes-unprecedented-step-in-sending-delegation-to-ferguson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819013533/http://stlouis.cbslocal.com/2014/08/18/amnesty-international-takes-unprecedented-step-in-sending-delegation-to-ferguson/ |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
117. ^{{cite news |author=CBS St. Louis/AP |title=Police Say Name Released By 'Anonymous' Is Not Officer In Controversial Shooting |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=KMOX |url=http://stlouis.cbslocal.com/2014/08/14/anonymous-releases-alleged-name-of-officer-they-say-fatally-shot-michael-brown/ |location=St. Louis, Missouri |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815034209/http://stlouis.cbslocal.com/2014/08/14/anonymous-releases-alleged-name-of-officer-they-say-fatally-shot-michael-brown/ |archivedate=August 15, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
118. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mandy |last=Murphey |title=Video: Timeline of robbery surveillance video purportedly showing Michael Brown |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=September 19, 2014 |publisher=KPLR |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://kplr11.com/2014/08/15/video-timeline-of-robbery-surveillance-video-purportedly-showing-michael-brown/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140829135013/http://kplr11.com/2014/08/15/video-timeline-of-robbery-surveillance-video-purportedly-showing-michael-brown/ |archivedate=August 29, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
119. ^¹{{cite news |first=John |last=Henry |title=Church ready for Michael Brown's funeral |date=August 22, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |publisher=KSDK |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://www.ksdk.com/story/news/local/2014/08/22/friendly-temple-missionary-baptist-ready-michael-brown/14459253/ |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140824015441/http://www.ksdk.com/story/news/local/2014/08/22/friendly-temple-missionary-baptist-ready-michael-brown/14459253/ |archivedate=August 24, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}
120. ^¹{{cite news |first=Brandie |last=Piper |title=Crump: This will be a 'defining moment' in history |date=November 14, 2014 |accessdate=November 18, 2014 |publisher=KSDK |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://www.ksdk.com/story/news/local/2014/11/13/michael-baden-grand-jury-testimony/18959707/ |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20141119005842/http://www.ksdk.com/story/news/local/2014/11/13/michael-baden-grand-jury-testimony/18959707/ |archivedate=November 19, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}
121. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jim |last=Suhr |title=Nearly $700K donated after Michael Brown shooting |date=August 27, 2014 |accessdate=April 20, 2015 |publisher=KSDK |location=St. Louis, Missouri |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.ksdk.com/story/news/local/2014/08/27/nearly-700k-donated-after-michael-brown-shooting/14693737/ |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20150420202922/http://www.ksdk.com/story/news/local/2014/08/27/nearly-700k-donated-after-michael-brown-shooting/14693737/ |archivedate=April 20, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}
122. ^¹{{cite news |first=Aja J. |last=Williams |title=What is strong-arm robbery? |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=KSDK |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://www.ksdk.com/story/news/local/2014/08/15/strong-arm-robbery-definition-st-louis-county/14122545/ |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140817165847/http://www.ksdk.com/story/news/local/2014/08/15/strong-arm-robbery-definition-st-louis-county/14122545/ |archivedate=August 17, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}
123. ^¹²{{cite AV media |title=McGraw Live |publisher=Big 550 KTRS |location=St. Louis, Missouri |date=December 19, 2014 |people=McGraw Milhaven, Robert P. McCulloch |medium=Televised Radio Broadcast}}
124. ^¹{{cite news |first=Anthony |last=Kiekow |title=Dr. Baden to testify before Brown grand jury |date=November 11, 2014 |accessdate=November 19, 2014 |publisher=KTVI |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://fox2now.com/2014/11/11/dr-baden-to-testify-before-brown-grand-jury/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141119172126/http://fox2now.com/2014/11/11/dr-baden-to-testify-before-brown-grand-jury/ |archivedate=November 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
125. ^¹{{cite news |title=Calm in Ferguson, but fight over conflicting stories goes on |date=August 22, 2014 |accessdate=October 16, 2014 |publisher=KTVI |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://fox2now.com/2014/08/22/calm-in-ferguson-but-fight-over-conflicting-stories-goes-on/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140824203517/http://fox2now.com/2014/08/22/calm-in-ferguson-but-fight-over-conflicting-stories-goes-on/ |archivedate=August 24, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
126. ^¹{{cite news |first=William |last=Freivogel |title=What We Know – And Don't Know – About Michael Brown's Shooting |date=October 30, 2014 |accessdate=November 15, 2014 |publisher=KWMU |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://news.stlpublicradio.org/post/what-we-know-and-dont-know-about-michael-browns-shooting |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141116023251/http://news.stlpublicradio.org/post/what-we-know-and-dont-know-about-michael-browns-shooting |archivedate=November 16, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
127. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite news |first=William |last=Freivogel |title=Grand Jury Wrangled With Confusing Instructions |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=December 2, 2014 |publisher=KWMU |location=St. Louis, Missouri |url=http://news.stlpublicradio.org/post/grand-jury-wrangled-confusing-instructions |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202184556/http://news.stlpublicradio.org/post/grand-jury-wrangled-confusing-instructions |archivedate=December 2, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
128. ^¹{{cite news |first=Molly |last=Hennessy-Fiske |first2=Richard A. |last2=Serrano |title=Autopsy shows Michael Brown was shot six times, and twice in the head |date=August 17, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-ferguson-michael-brown-20140817-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819110314/http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-ferguson-michael-brown-20140817-story.html |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
129. ^¹{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Pearce |first2=Molly |last2=Hennessy-Fiske |first3=Tina |last3=Susman |title=Some warn that Gov. Jay Nixon's curfew for Ferguson, Mo., may backfire |date=August 16, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-ferguson-protests-020140816-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817021004/http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-ferguson-protests-020140816-story.html |archivedate=August 17, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
130. ^¹²{{cite news |first=James |last=Queally |first2=Maria L. |last2=La Ganga |title=Ferguson, Mo.: New recordings, documents released in Michael Brown case |date=December 8, 2014 |accessdate=December 9, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-more-grand-jury-documents-michael-brown-shooting-20141208-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209054421/http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-more-grand-jury-documents-michael-brown-shooting-20141208-story.html |archivedate=December 9, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
131. ^{{cite news |first=Timothy M. |last=Phelps |first2=Michael |last2=Muskal |title=Federal report largely backs Darren Wilson in Ferguson police shooting case |date=March 4, 2015 |accessdate=March 25, 2015 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-darren-wilson-not-charged-20150304-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318122343/http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-darren-wilson-not-charged-20150304-story.html |archivedate=March 18, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
132. ^¹{{cite news |title=Federal Autopsy of Michael Brown |date=December 8, 2014 |accessdate=December 9, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://documents.latimes.com/federal-autopsy-michael-brown/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209203740/http://documents.latimes.com/federal-autopsy-michael-brown/ |archivedate=December 9, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
133. ^¹{{cite news |first=Lauren |last=Raab |title=Grand jury starts on Michael Brown case: What you need to know |date=August 20, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-grand-jury-ferguson-michael-brown-20140820-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821213246/http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-grand-jury-ferguson-michael-brown-20140820-story.html |archivedate=August 21, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
134. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news |first=Julie |last=Makinen |title=Michael Brown shooting in Ferguson becomes an international incident |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-ferguson-michael-brown-shooting-world-reaction-20140818-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819105443/http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-ferguson-michael-brown-shooting-world-reaction-20140818-story.html |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
135. ^¹{{cite news |first=James |last=Queally |title=Robbery matters little in shooting death of Michael Brown, experts say |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-ferguson-police-experts-20140815-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140816000443/http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-ferguson-police-experts-20140815-story.html |archivedate=August 16, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
136. ^¹Lawsuit petition in {{cite news |title=Michael Brown's family files civil lawsuit against Ferguson |date=April 23, 2015 |accessdate=April 24, 2015 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://documents.latimes.com/michael-browns-family-files-civil-lawsuit-against-ferguson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425112457/http://documents.latimes.com/michael-browns-family-files-civil-lawsuit-against-ferguson/ |archivedate=April 25, 2015 |deadurl=no}} See PRAYER FOR RELIEF on pp. 42–43 of petition.
137. ^¹²{{cite news |first=David |last=Zucchino |title=Prosecutor's grand jury strategy in Ferguson case adds to controversy |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-ferguson-da-analysis-20141126-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141126052620/http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-ferguson-da-analysis-20141126-story.html |archivedate=November 26, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
138. ^¹{{cite news |first=Molly |last=Hennessy-Fiske |first2=Matt |last2=Pearce |first3=Tina |last3=Susman |title=Officer who shot Michael Brown didn't know he was a robbery suspect |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-fergsuon-shooting-police-name-20140815-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815152358/http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-fergsuon-shooting-police-name-20140815-story.html |archivedate=August 15, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
139. ^¹²{{cite news |first=James |last=Queally |title=What key witnesses to the Michael Brown shooting have to say |date=August 21, 2014 |accessdate=September 4, 2014 |website=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-ferguson-witness-accounts-20140821-story.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822093347/http://www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-nn-ferguson-witness-accounts-20140821-story.html |archivedate=August 22, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
140. ^¹{{cite web |first=Andrew |last=Branca |title=No, Prosecution did not Mislead #Ferguson Grand Jury into Erroneous Decision |date=November 28, 2014 |accessdate=December 20, 2014 |website=Legal Insurrection |url=http://legalinsurrection.com/2014/11/no-prosecution-did-not-mislead-ferguson-grand-jury-into-erroneous-decision/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220203215/http://legalinsurrection.com/2014/11/no-prosecution-did-not-mislead-ferguson-grand-jury-into-erroneous-decision/ |archivedate=December 20, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
141. ^¹{{cite news |first=Abigail |last=Chandler |title=Michael Brown protests in Ferguson: When the police dehumanise a community, it shames all of us |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Metro |url=http://metro.co.uk/2014/08/14/michael-brown-protests-in-ferguson-when-the-police-dehumanise-a-community-it-shames-all-of-us-4832742/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817182837/http://metro.co.uk/2014/08/14/michael-brown-protests-in-ferguson-when-the-police-dehumanise-a-community-it-shames-all-of-us-4832742/ |archivedate=August 17, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
142. ^¹{{cite news |first=Michelle D. |last=Anderson |title=Muskegon-area churches to participate in 'Black Lives Matter' movement on Sunday |date=December 13, 2014 |accessdate=June 30, 2015 |publisher=MLive.com |url=http://www.mlive.com/news/muskegon/index.ssf/2014/12/muskegon-area_churches_to_part.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526113657/http://www.mlive.com/news/muskegon/index.ssf/2014/12/muskegon-area_churches_to_part.html |archivedate=May 26, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
143. ^{{cite news |first=Josh |last=Harkinson |title=Anonymous' "Op Ferguson" Says It Will ID the Officer Who Killed Michael Brown |date=August 13, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Mother Jones |url=http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/08/anonymous-ferguson-police-killing-unarmed-michael-brown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814044502/http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2014/08/anonymous-ferguson-police-killing-unarmed-michael-brown |archivedate=August 14, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
144. ^¹{{cite news |first=Trymaine |last=Lee |first2=Zachary |last2=Roth |first3=Jane C. |last3=Timm |title=Obama to announce $75 million for body cameras |date=December 1, 2014 |accessdate=December 1, 2014 |publisher=MSNBC |url=http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/obama-announce-75-million-body-cameras |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201193611/http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/obama-announce-75-million-body-cameras |archivedate=December 1, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
145. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Trymaine |last=Lee |title=Eyewitness to Michael Brown shooting recounts his friend's death |date=August 12, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=MSNBC |url=http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/eyewitness-michael-brown-fatal-shooting-missouri |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813052912/http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/eyewitness-michael-brown-fatal-shooting-missouri |archivedate=August 13, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
146. ^{{cite news |first=M. Alex |last=Johnson |title=#NMOS14: Vigils Held to Honor Ferguson Victim Michael Brown |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=NBC News |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/nmos14-vigils-held-honor-ferguson-victim-michael-brown-n180981 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815085506/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/nmos14-vigils-held-honor-ferguson-victim-michael-brown-n180981 |archivedate=August 15, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
147. ^¹{{cite news |title=Ferguson Cop Darren Wilson Will Never Police Again, His Lawyer Says |date=November 27, 2014 |accessdate=November 28, 2014 |publisher=NBC News |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/ferguson-cop-darren-wilson-will-never-police-again-his-lawyer-n257511 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141207010733/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/ferguson-cop-darren-wilson-will-never-police-again-his-lawyer-n257511 |archivedate=December 7, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
148. ^¹{{cite news |title=FBI Investigating Ferguson Police Shooting of Teen Michael Brown |date=August 11, 2014 |accessdate=January 6, 2015 |publisher=NBC News |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/fbi-investigating-ferguson-police-shooting-teen-michael-brown-n177761 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150108011521/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/fbi-investigating-ferguson-police-shooting-teen-michael-brown-n177761 |archivedate=January 8, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
149. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mike |last=Kosnar |title=Feds Urged Police Not to Release Michael Brown 'Robbery' Video |date=August 16, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=NBC News |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/feds-urged-police-not-release-michael-brown-robbery-video-n182346 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817133115/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/feds-urged-police-not-release-michael-brown-robbery-video-n182346 |archivedate=August 17, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
150. ^¹²{{cite news |title=Looting Erupts After Vigil for Slain Missouri Teen Michael Brown |date=August 10, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=NBC News |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/looting-erupts-after-vigil-slain-missouri-teen-michael-brown-n177426 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813140445/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/looting-erupts-after-vigil-slain-missouri-teen-michael-brown-n177426 |archivedate=August 13, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
151. ^¹{{cite news |first=Elizabeth |last=Chuck |title=Petition Against Prosecutor in Ferguson Case Has 70,000 Signatures |date=August 21, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |publisher=NBC News |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/petition-against-prosecutor-ferguson-case-has-70-000-signatures-n186036 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822201447/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/petition-against-prosecutor-ferguson-case-has-70-000-signatures-n186036 |archivedate=August 22, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
152. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Ron |last=Allen |first2=Tracy |last2=Connor |title=FBI Probing Alleged Audio of Michael Brown Shooting |date=August 26, 2014 |accessdate=August 28, 2014 |publisher=NBC News |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/fbi-probing-alleged-audio-michael-brown-shooting-n189291 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827104838/http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/michael-brown-shooting/fbi-probing-alleged-audio-michael-brown-shooting-n189291 |archivedate=August 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
153. ^{{cite news |title=Killing of black Missouri man, Michael Brown, draws criticism |date=August 10, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |website=Newsday |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.newsday.com/news/nation/michael-brown-s-fatal-shooting-by-police-sparks-outcry-1.9018258 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812225959/http://www.newsday.com/news/nation/michael-brown-s-fatal-shooting-by-police-sparks-outcry-1.9018258 |archivedate=August 12, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
154. ^¹{{cite news |first=Paula |last=Mejia |title=Altercation Between Michael Brown and Darren Wilson Unfolded in 90 Seconds: Report |date=November 15, 2014 |accessdate=November 16, 2014 |website=Newsweek |url=http://www.newsweek.com/altercation-between-michael-brown-and-officer-darren-wilson-unfolded-90-284728}}
155. ^¹{{cite news |first=Polly |last=Mosendz |title=Crime Scene Medical Examiner Took No Measurements, Photos of Brown |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 15, 2014 |website=Newsweek |url=http://www.newsweek.com/crime-scene-medical-examiner-took-no-measurements-photos-brown-287074?piano_d=1 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125222538/http://www.newsweek.com/crime-scene-medical-examiner-took-no-measurements-photos-brown-287074 |archivedate=November 25, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
156. ^¹{{cite news |first=Melissa |last=Block |title=Examining The Grand Jury Proceedings In The Michael Brown Case |date=November 17, 2014 |accessdate=December 14, 2014 |work=NPR All Things Considered |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-230644166.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329080952/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-230644166.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=March 29, 2015 |subscription=y |via=HighBeam Research}}
157. ^¹²³{{cite news |first=Eyder |last=Peralta |title=Ferguson Documents: What Michael Brown's Friend Saw |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=November 27, 2014 |publisher=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/11/26/366827836/ferguson-documents-what-michael-browns-friend-saw |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202161750/http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/11/26/366827836/ferguson-documents-what-michael-browns-friend-saw |archivedate=December 2, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
158. ^¹[transcript] {{cite news |first=Elise |last=Hu |first2=Renee |last2=Montagne |title=Ferguson Grand Jury Testimony Made Public |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 30, 2014 |work=NPR Morning Edition |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-230793905.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329112138/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-230793905.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=March 29, 2015 |subscription=y |via=HighBeam Research}}
159. ^¹²³{{cite news |first=Bill |last=Chappell |title=Ferguson Police Release Name Of Officer Who Shot Michael Brown |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=August 20, 2014 |publisher=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/08/15/340594634/ferguson-police-release-name-of-officer-who-shot-michael-brown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140816153621/http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2014/08/15/340594634/ferguson-police-release-name-of-officer-who-shot-michael-brown |archivedate=August 16, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
160. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Oren |last=Yaniv |title=Darren Wilson not indicted: Bombshell evidence, testimony laid out in fatal shooting of Michael Brown |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 21, 2014 |website=Daily News|location=New York |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/bombshell-evidence-laid-death-michael-brown-article-1.2022689 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127220343/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/bombshell-evidence-laid-death-michael-brown-article-1.2022689 |archivedate=November 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
161. ^{{cite news |title=Michael Brown Shooting Explained: Step-by-step review of the confrontation between Ferguson cop Darren Wilson and the unarmed teen |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=November 27, 2014 |website=Daily News|location=New York |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/events-leading-darren-wilson-shooting-michael-brown-article-1.2024569 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127214224/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/events-leading-darren-wilson-shooting-michael-brown-article-1.2024569 |archivedate=November 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
162. ^¹{{cite news |first=Sasha |last=Goldstein |title=Supporters create fund-raising pages for Michael Brown's family, cop Darren Wilson after Ferguson shooting |date=August 21, 2014 |accessdate=April 20, 2015 |website=Daily News|location=New York |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/fundraising-pages-michael-brown-family-officer-darren-wilson-article-1.1912298 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222050859/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/fundraising-pages-michael-brown-family-officer-darren-wilson-article-1.1912298 |archivedate=February 22, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
163. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jake |last=Halpern |title=The Cop |date=August 10, 2015 |accessdate=August 11, 2015 |website=The New Yorker |url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/08/10/the-cop |quote=Wilson said that he had interviewed for a few police positions but had been told that he would be a liability.|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150808173138/http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/08/10/the-cop |archivedate=August 8, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
164. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jeffrey |last=Toobin |title=How Not to Use a Grand Jury |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 20, 2014 |website=The New Yorker |url=http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/use-grand-jury |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220050210/http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/use-grand-jury |archivedate=December 20, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
165. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news |first=Joe |last=Coscarelli |title=Justice Department Not at All Pleased With Michael Brown Leaks |date=October 23, 2014 |accessdate=October 24, 2014 |website=New York |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/10/justice-dept-not-happy-with-michael-brown-leaks.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027175912/http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/10/justice-dept-not-happy-with-michael-brown-leaks.html |archivedate=October 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
166. ^¹{{cite news |first=Larry |last=Celona |first2=Shawn |last2=Cohen |first3=Jamie |last3=Schram |first4=Amber |last4=Jamieson |first5=Laura |last5=Italiano |title=Gunman executes 2 NYPD cops in Garner 'revenge' |date=December 20, 2014 |accessdate=April 11, 2015 |website=New York Post |url=https://nypost.com/2014/12/20/2-nypd-cops-shot-execution-style-in-brooklyn/}}
167. ^¹{{cite news |first=Joe |last=Tacopino |title=Darren Wilson on why he shot Michael Brown |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |website=New York Post |url=https://nypost.com/2014/11/25/officer-darren-wilson-says-michael-brown-taunted-him/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125120636/http://nypost.com/2014/11/25/officer-darren-wilson-says-michael-brown-taunted-him/ |archivedate=November 25, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
168. ^¹{{cite news |first=Monica |last=Davey |title=Fatal Encounter in Ferguson Took Less Than 90 Seconds, Police Communications Reveal |date=November 15, 2014 |accessdate=November 16, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1sUMTLA}}
169. ^¹²³{{cite news |first=Frances |last=Robles |first2=Michael S. |last2=Schmidt |title=Shooting Accounts Differ as Holder Schedules Visit to Ferguson |date=August 19, 2014 |accessdate=August 21, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1tfUisB}}
170. ^¹{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Mackey |title=Advice for Ferguson's Protesters From the Middle East |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1t196vg}}
171. ^¹{{cite news |first=Benjamin |last=Mueller |first2=Al |last2=Baker |title=2 N.Y.P.D. Officers Killed in Brooklyn Ambush; Suspect Commits Suicide |date=December 20, 2014 |accessdate=December 21, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1wPh9he}}
172. ^¹{{cite news |first=Monica |last=Davey |title=Audio and Witness Interviews Are Among Ferguson Records Released |date=December 8, 2014 |accessdate=December 30, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1zlAMy4}}
173. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷{{cite news |first=Frances |last=Robles |first2=Julie |last2=Bosman |title=Autopsy Shows Michael Brown Was Struck at Least 6 Times |date=August 17, 2014 |accessdate=August 21, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1oTnUWD}}
174. ^¹{{cite news |first=Julie |last=Bosman |first2=Joseph |last2=Goldstein |title=Timeline for a Body: 4 Hours in the Middle of a Ferguson Street |date=August 23, 2014 |accessdate=December 13, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1mAexeT}}
175. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news |first=Erik |last=Eckholm |first2=Matt |last2=Apuzzo |title=Darren Wilson Is Cleared of Rights Violations in Ferguson Shooting |date=March 4, 2015 |accessdate=March 5, 2015 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1B1IGOD}}
176. ^¹²{{cite news |title=Documents Released in the Ferguson Case |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 5, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/11/25/us/evidence-released-in-michael-brown-case.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205070832/http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/11/25/us/evidence-released-in-michael-brown-case.html |archivedate=December 5, 2014 |deadurl=no}} (See diagram and legend in second row from bottom.)
177. ^¹{{cite news |first=Tanzina |last=Vega |first2=Timothy |last2=Williams |first3=Erik |last3=Eckholm |title=Emotions Flare in Missouri Amid Police Statements |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=August 21, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1m1CueQ}}
178. ^¹{{cite news |first=Monica |last=Davey |title=More Files Are Released in Shooting in Ferguson |date=December 13, 2014 |accessdate=December 30, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1Gm6iyi}}
179. ^¹²³{{cite news |title=What Happened in Ferguson? |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 1, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/08/13/us/ferguson-missouri-town-under-siege-after-police-shooting.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129223812/http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/08/13/us/ferguson-missouri-town-under-siege-after-police-shooting.html?_r=0 |archivedate=November 29, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
180. ^{{cite news |first=John |last=Schwartz |first2=Michael D. |last2=Shear |first3=Michael |last3=Paulson |title=New Tack on Unrest Eases Tension in Missouri |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1sYP0Sd}}
181. ^¹{{cite news |first=Frances |last=Robles |title=St. Louis County Prosecutor Defends Objectivity |date=August 20, 2014 |accessdate=September 18, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1AzzZJc}}
182. ^¹{{cite news |first=Matt |last=Apuzzo |title=Justice Department Finds Pattern of Police Bias and Excessive Force in Ferguson |date=March 3, 2015 |accessdate=March 3, 2015 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1wS7CTu}}
183. ^¹²³{{cite news |first=Michael S. |last=Schmidt |first2=Matt |last2=Apuzzo |first3=Julie |last3=Bosman |title=Police Officer in Ferguson Is Said to Recount a Struggle |date=October 17, 2014 |accessdate=October 18, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1qLDOoh}}
184. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Julie |last=Bosman |first2=Campbell |last2=Robertson |first3=Erik |last3=Eckholm |first4=Richard A. |last4=Oppel Jr. |title=Amid Conflicting Accounts, Trusting Darren Wilson |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |website=The New York Times |url=http://nyti.ms/1raDpBG}}
185. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mitch |last=Smith |date=March 11, 2017 |accessdate=March 12, 2017 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/11/us/michael-brown-ferguson-police-shooting-video.html |title=New Ferguson Video Adds Wrinkle to Michael Brown Case |work=The New York Times}}
186. ^¹{{cite news |first=Joshua |last=Barajas |title=What does Michael Brown's official autopsy report actually reveal? |date=October 23, 2014 |accessdate=December 31, 2016 |website=PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/michael-browns-official-autopsy-report-actually-reveal/}}
187. ^¹{{cite news |title=What the forensic evidence says about Michael Brown's death |date=October 23, 2014 |accessdate=November 19, 2014 |website=PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/what-the-forensic-evidence-says-about-michael-browns-death/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117073026/http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/what-the-forensic-evidence-says-about-michael-browns-death/ |archivedate=November 17, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
188. ^¹{{cite news |first=David A. |last=Lieb |first2=Holbrook |last2=Mohr |title=Ferguson grand jury focused on 'tussle' seen before shooting |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 17, 2014 |website=Portland Press Herald |location=Portland, Maine |url=http://www.pressherald.com/2014/11/25/ferguson-grand-jury-focused-on-tussle-seen-before-shooting/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217041732/http://www.pressherald.com/2014/11/25/ferguson-grand-jury-focused-on-tussle-seen-before-shooting/ |archivedate=December 17, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
189. ^¹{{cite news |first=David |last=Edwards |title='Fanciful and not credible': CNN legal analyst destroys Darren Wilson's testimony |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 4, 2014 |website=Raw Story |url=http://www.rawstory.com/2014/11/fanciful-and-not-credible-cnn-legal-analyst-destroys-darren-wilsons-testimony/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141126014400/http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2014/11/fanciful-and-not-credible-cnn-legal-analyst-destroys-darren-wilsons-testimony/ |archivedate=November 26, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
190. ^¹{{cite news |first=Arturo |last=Garcia |title=Lawrence O'Donnell: Missouri atty. general admits Ferguson grand jury was misled |date=December 4, 2014 |accessdate=December 8, 2014 |website=Raw Story |url=http://www.rawstory.com/2014/12/lawrence-odonnell-missouri-atty-general-admits-ferguson-grand-jury-was-misled/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208083645/http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2014/12/lawrence-odonnell-missouri-atty-general-admits-ferguson-grand-jury-was-misled/ |archivedate=December 8, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
191. ^¹{{cite news |first=Daniel |last=Wallis |first2=Edward |last2=McAllister |title=Missouri officer in fatal shooting resigned without severance: mayor |date=December 1, 2014 |accessdate=December 1, 2014 |agency=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/12/01/us-usa-missouri-shooting-idUSKCN0JE0VJ20141201 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201031250/https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/12/01/us-usa-missouri-shooting-idUSKCN0JE0VJ20141201 |archivedate=December 1, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
192. ^¹{{cite news|url= https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03/16/us-usa-police-missouri-arrest-idUSKBN0MB0U920150316|author=Richard Valdmanis|date=March 16, 2015|agency=Reuters|accessdate=March 22, 2015|title=Suspect charged in shooting of police officers in Ferguson, Missouri}}
193. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jessica |last=Lussenhop |title=Why Police Haven't Interviewed Michael Brown Shooting Witness Dorian Johnson |date=August 12, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=Riverfront Times |url=http://blogs.riverfronttimes.com/dailyrft/2014/08/michael_brown_witness_dorian_johnson_why_police_have_not_interviewed_him.php |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814224859/http://blogs.riverfronttimes.com/dailyrft/2014/08/michael_brown_witness_dorian_johnson_why_police_have_not_interviewed_him.php |archivedate=August 14, 2014 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy-all }}
194. ^¹{{cite web |first=Jessica |last=Lussenhop |title= Dorian Johnson vs. Ferguson |date=May 6, 2015 |accessdate=May 9, 2015 |website=Scribd |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/264430270/Dorian-Johnson-vs-Ferguson }}
195. ^¹{{cite news |title=Ferguson Grand-Jury Documents Reveal the Evidence It Reviewed |date=November 30, 2014 |accessdate=December 30, 2014 |newspaper=The Seattle Times |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-392107985.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329112136/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-392107985.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=March 29, 2015 |subscription=y |via=HighBeam Research}}
196. ^¹{{cite news |first=Nigel |last=Duara |title=Police, protesters collide again in Ferguson |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=The Seattle Times |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/police-protesters-collide-again-in-ferguson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819153219/http://seattletimes.com/html/nationworld/2024335008_apxpoliceshootingmissouri.html |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
197. ^¹{{cite news |author=Staff and wire reports |title=Officer in Ferguson shooting has dropped from sight |date=August 21, 2014 |accessdate=August 30, 2014 |website=Star-Telegram |url=http://www.star-telegram.com/news/local/article3870298.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822111650/http://www.star-telegram.com/2014/08/21/6059552/officer-in-ferguson-shooting-remains.html |archivedate=August 22, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
198. ^¹{{cite news |first=Bridjes |last=O'Neil |title=STL County Police Chief claims struggle with gun lead to fatal shooting of Michael Brown |date=August 10, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=The St. Louis American |url=http://www.stlamerican.com/news/local_news/article_86cdc228-20c9-11e4-984c-001a4bcf887a.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813170428/http://www.stlamerican.com/news/local_news/article_86cdc228-20c9-11e4-984c-001a4bcf887a.html |archivedate=August 13, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
199. ^{{cite news |first=David |last=Hunn |title=Twitter suspends Anonymous account |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/twitter-suspends-anonymous-account/article_8602d482-e248-5a88-bd56-a417d638eff8.html}}
200. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷{{cite news |first=Christine |last=Byers |title=Official autopsy shows Michael Brown had close-range wound to his hand, marijuana in system |date=October 22, 2014 |accessdate=October 22, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/official-autopsy-shows-michael-brown-had-close-range-wound-to/article_e98a4ce0-c284-57c9-9882-3fb7df75fef6.html}}
201. ^¹{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Patrick |title=St. Louis federal judge dismisses several counts of Brown family lawsuit |date=July 14, 2015 |accessdate=July 22, 2015 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/st-louis-federal-judge-dismisses-several-counts-of-brown-family/article_92b8118d-584e-5ce2-9ebb-41481fec8468.html}}
202. ^¹{{cite news |first=Valerie Schremp |last=Hahn |title=Michael Brown wrongful death lawsuit removed to federal court |date=May 27, 2015 |accessdate=July 22, 2015 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/michael-brown-wrongful-death-lawsuit-removed-to-federal-court/article_2a3ded57-22c8-5d70-a361-cb3e841c1e80.html}}
203. ^¹{{cite news |first=Nicholas J.C. |last=Pistor |first2=Joe |last2=Holleman |title=St. Louis prosecutor has faced controversy for decades |date=August 16, 2014 |accessdate=September 9, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/st-louis-prosecutor-has-faced-controversy-for-decades/article_cdd4c104-6086-506e-9ee8-aa957a31fee5.html}}
204. ^¹{{cite news |first=Leah |last=Thorsen |first2=Steve |last2=Giegerich |title=Ferguson Day One Wrapup: Officer kills Ferguson teen |date=August 10, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/article_04e3885b-4131-5e49-b784-33cd3acbe7f1.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814151356/http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/article_04e3885b-4131-5e49-b784-33cd3acbe7f1.html |archivedate=August 14, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
205. ^{{cite news |first=David |last=Hunn |title=How computer hackers changed the Ferguson protests |date=August 13, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/how-computer-hackers-changed-the-ferguson-protests/article_d81a1da4-ae04-5261-9064-e4c255111c94.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813170431/http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/how-computer-hackers-changed-the-ferguson-protests/article_d81a1da4-ae04-5261-9064-e4c255111c94.html |archivedate=August 13, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
206. ^¹{{cite news |author=Staff reports |title=Private autopsy says Brown shot 6 times; Holder orders third autopsy |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/holder-orders-third-autopsy-of-michael-brown/article_e27c90b4-8fc9-5118-8f4b-ae98a9d0f552.html}}
207. ^¹{{cite news |author=Staff reports |title=Day Six, Day: The Rev. Jesse Jackson shows up at protest site as Brown family calls for calm |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=December 21, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/ferguson-officer-stopped-michael-brown-for-walking-in-street-but/article_52c40b84-ad90-5f9a-973c-70d628d0be04.html}}
208. ^¹{{cite news |first=Valerie Schremp |last=Hahn |title=Dorian Johnson lawsuit against Ferguson and police to be handled in federal court |date=May 27, 2015 |accessdate=July 22, 2015 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/dorian-johnson-lawsuit-against-ferguson-and-police-to-be-handled/article_a4718668-c235-5e7c-8b7b-80e1b7db225a.html}}
209. ^¹{{cite news |author=Staff reports |title=Grand jury in Michael Brown case: 3 black members, 9 white |date=August 22, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/grand-jury-in-michael-brown-case-black-members-white/article_6bbba56c-e28a-53d0-8b85-b20c36810fbd.html}}
210. ^¹{{cite news |title=Dorian Johnson Lawsuit Against Ferguson, Wilson |date=May 5, 2015 |accessdate=May 7, 2015 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/multimedia/dorian-johnson-lawsuit-against-ferguson-wilson/pdf_348336ba-5607-5fff-ab6b-0604c299ae3c.html}}
211. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news |first=David |last=Hunn |first2=Kim |last2=Bell |title=Why was Michael Brown's body left there for hours? |date=September 14, 2014 |accessdate=November 30, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/why-was-michael-brown-s-body-left-there-for-hours/article_0b73ec58-c6a1-516e-882f-74d18a4246e0.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014224410/http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/why-was-michael-brown-s-body-left-there-for-hours/article_0b73ec58-c6a1-516e-882f-74d18a4246e0.html |archivedate=October 14, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
212. ^{{cite news |first=Tom |last=Borgman |first2=Chris |last2=Spurlock |title=Map: The Michael Brown shooting scene |date=November 26, 2014 |accessdate=December 8, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/map-the-michael-brown-shooting-scene/html_0c861d0f-9a56-5769-8c16-d4b137af96e1.html}}
213. ^¹{{cite news |first=Stephen |last=Deere |title=Did Ferguson police chief mislead public about robbery video? |date=September 5, 2014 |accessdate=September 26, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/did-ferguson-police-chief-mislead-public-about-robbery-video/article_f5ed9c93-8d40-5585-8f6d-a7767db8ae67.html}}
214. ^¹{{cite news |first=Michael D. |last=Sorkin |title=20,000 sign petitions seeking special prosecutor in Michael Brown shooting |date=August 17, 2014 |accessdate=September 19, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/sign-petitions-seeking-special-prosecutor-in-michael-brown-shooting/article_d0cc6e7f-8b32-5153-8ab4-86ebdc4659ca.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140820020050/http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/sign-petitions-seeking-special-prosecutor-in-michael-brown-shooting/article_d0cc6e7f-8b32-5153-8ab4-86ebdc4659ca.html |archivedate=August 20, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
215. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Patrick |title=Darren Wilson's radio calls show fatal encounter was brief |date=November 14, 2014 |accessdate=November 15, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/multimedia/special/darren-wilson-s-radio-calls-show-fatal-encounter-was-brief/html_79c17aed-0dbe-514d-ba32-bad908056790.html}}
216. ^¹{{cite news |first=Kevin |last=McDermott |title=Jay Nixon won't remove Robert McCulloch as Brown case goes to grand jury |date=August 19, 2014 |accessdate=December 30, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/jay-nixon-won-t-remove-robert-mcculloch-as-brown-case/article_875a5af0-226f-56a2-84ee-1a0dd878ea2c.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821075708/http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/jay-nixon-won-t-remove-robert-mcculloch-as-brown-case/article_875a5af0-226f-56a2-84ee-1a0dd878ea2c.html |archivedate=August 21, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
217. ^¹{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Hampel |title=African-American lawyers association seeks revocation of Darren Wilson's police officer license |date=December 8, 2014 |accessdate=December 8, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/national-lawyers-association-seeks-revocation-of-darren-wilson-s-peace/article_524dde5b-d5cb-5794-8a77-269f03f60382.html}}
218. ^¹{{cite news |author=Staff reports |title=From the documents: Tidbits from the grand jury testimony |date=November 30, 2014 |accessdate=December 16, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/from-the-documents-tidbits-from-the-grand-jury-testimony/article_16e49f70-608e-5142-9b92-a6883104f95f.html}}
219. ^¹{{cite news |first=Christine |last=Byers |title=Witness adds new perspective to Ferguson shooting |date=October 16, 2014 |accessdate=October 16, 2014 |website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch |url=http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/crime-and-courts/witness-adds-new-perspective-to-ferguson-shooting/article_ab6e1e03-c49a-5c7f-8786-b0e88ec79349.html}}
220. ^¹{{cite news |first=Charlotte |last=Alter |title=3 Key Takeaways From Amnesty International's Ferguson Report |date=October 24, 2014 |accessdate=October 25, 2014 |website=Time |url=http://time.com/3535101/ferguson-amnesty-international-report-michael-brown/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024071126/http://time.com/3535101/ferguson-amnesty-international-report-michael-brown/ |archivedate=October 24, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
221. ^¹{{cite news |first=Denver |last=Nicks |title=Shootings by Police Voted Top Story of 2014 in AP Poll |date=December 22, 2014 |accessdate=December 22, 2014 |website=Time |url=http://time.com/3643962/police-killings-top-story-ap-poll/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222162515/http://time.com/3643962/police-killings-top-story-ap-poll/ |archivedate=December 22, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
222. ^¹{{cite news |first=Alex |last=Altman |title=What the Ferguson Leaks Tell Us About Michael Brown's Death |date=October 23, 2014 |accessdate=December 30, 2014 |website=Time |url=http://time.com/3534140/ferguson-michael-brown-grand-jury-leaks-investigation/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127164741/http://time.com/3534140/ferguson-michael-brown-grand-jury-leaks-investigation/ |archivedate=November 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
223. ^¹{{cite news |first=Rand |last=Paul |title=Rand Paul: We Must Demilitarize the Police |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=Time |url=http://time.com/3111474/rand-paul-ferguson-police/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815123942/http://time.com/3111474/rand-paul-ferguson-police/ |archivedate=August 15, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
224. ^¹{{cite news |first=Charlotte |last=Alter |title=St. Louis Cops Condemn Rams' 'Hands Up, Don't Shoot' Gesture |date=December 1, 2014 |accessdate=December 2, 2014 |website=Time |url=http://time.com/3611556/st-louis-cops-rams-hands-up-dont-shoot-nfl-ferguson/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204120831/http://time.com/3611556/st-louis-cops-rams-hands-up-dont-shoot-nfl-ferguson/ |archivedate=December 4, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
225. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Alex |last=Altman |title=There's Very Little in the Michael Brown Shooting Incident Report |date=August 22, 2014 |accessdate=December 15, 2014 |website=Time |url=http://time.com/3159680/ferguson-michael-brown-shooting-police-report/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202164855/http://time.com/3159680/ferguson-michael-brown-shooting-police-report/ |archivedate=December 2, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
226. ^¹²{{cite news |first=David |last=Von Drehle | authorlink= David Von Drehle |title=The Long, Tangled Roots of the Michael Brown Shooting |date=August 12, 2014 |accessdate=August 22, 2014 |website=Time |url=http://time.com/3104128/michael-brown-ferguson-cop-shooting-protests/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821175540/http://time.com/3104128/michael-brown-ferguson-cop-shooting-protests/ |archivedate=August 21, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
227. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jay Sterling |last=Silver |title=Silver: A hopeless conflict of interests |date=December 6, 2014 |accessdate=December 7, 2014 |website=Richmond Times-Dispatch |url=http://www.timesdispatch.com/opinion/their-opinion/columnists-blogs/guest-columnists/silver-a-hopeless-conflict-of-interests/article_474455e3-44c5-5d03-b987-f95ea6abb6bd.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20141207015331/http://www.timesdispatch.com/opinion/their-opinion/columnists-blogs/guest-columnists/silver-a-hopeless-conflict-of-interests/article_474455e3-44c5-5d03-b987-f95ea6abb6bd.html |archivedate=December 7, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}
228. ^{{cite news |first=Robin A. |last=Webb |title=Audio may have captured Michael Brown shooting |date=August 26, 2014 |accessdate=August 28, 2014 |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/08/26/michael-brown-shooting-police-ferguson/14612081/}}
229. ^¹{{cite news |first=Marisol |last=Bello |first2=Greg |last2=Toppo |first3=Peter |last3=Eisler |title=Grand jury charges are easy, except against police |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=November 26, 2014 |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/11/25/ferguson-grand-jury/70098616/}}
230. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Yamiche |last=Alcindor |first2=Marisol |last2=Bello |first3=Aamer |last3=Madhani |title=Chief: Officer noticed Brown carrying suspected stolen cigars |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=August 23, 2014 |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/usanow/2014/08/15/ferguson-missouri-police-michael-brown-shooting/14098369/}}
231. ^¹{{cite news |first=Yamiche |last=Alcindor |first2=Marisol |last2=Bello |title=Police in Ferguson ignite debate about military tactics |date=August 19, 2014 |accessdate=August 23, 2014 |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/08/14/ferguson-militarized-police/14064675/}}
232. ^¹{{cite news |first=Yamiche |last=Alcindor |title=Brown family's pathologist wants to testify |date=October 30, 2014 |accessdate=November 19, 2014 |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/10/29/browns-family-pathologist-questions-leaked-autopsy/18154107/}}
233. ^¹{{cite news |first=Rick |last=Jervis |title=St. Louis Peace Fest focuses on Michael Brown's death |date=August 24, 2014 |accessdate=February 22, 2015 |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/08/24/peace-fest-michael-brown/14546371/}}
234. ^¹{{cite news |first=Kevin |last=Johnson |first2=Yamiche |last2=Alcindor |title=Probe finds insufficient evidence to charge Darren Wilson |date=January 22, 2015 |accessdate=January 23, 2015 |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/01/21/michael-brown-darren-wilson-shooting-charges/22127989/}}
235. ^¹²³{{cite news |first=Farrah |last=Fazal |title=Witness to Michael Brown shooting comes forward |date=August 13, 2014 |accessdate=August 23, 2014 |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/08/13/ferguson-missouri-teen-shooting-witness/13992387/}}
236. ^¹{{cite news |first=Liz |last=Fields |title=After Walter Scott Killing, Black Lives Matter Movement Calls For Citizen Oversight of Police |date=April 10, 2015 |accessdate=June 30, 2015 |website=Vice News |url=https://news.vice.com/article/after-walter-scott-killing-black-lives-matter-movement-calls-for-citizen-oversight-of-police |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526112703/https://news.vice.com/article/after-walter-scott-killing-black-lives-matter-movement-calls-for-citizen-oversight-of-police |archivedate=May 26, 2015 |deadurl=no}}
237. ^¹{{cite news |first=Nick |last=Wright |title='Hands Up, Don't Shoot' Is Bigger than Ferguson and Bigger than the Rams |date=December 2, 2014 |accessdate=December 4, 2014 |website=VICE Sports |url=https://sports.vice.com/en_us/article/hands-up-dont-shoot-is-bigger-than-ferguson-and-bigger-than-the-rams |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202182845/https://sports.vice.com/article/hands-up-dont-shoot-is-bigger-than-ferguson-and-bigger-than-the-rams |archivedate=December 2, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
238. ^¹{{cite news |title=Obama Wants More Police Funding After Ferguson Unrest |date=December 1, 2014 |accessdate=December 2, 2014 |website=VOA News |url=http://www.voanews.com/content/president-obama-to-hold-white-house-meetings-about-ferguson/2540926.html}}
239. ^¹{{cite news |first=Amanda |last=Taub |title=40 FBI agents are in Ferguson to investigate the shooting of Michael Brown |date=August 16, 2014 |accessdate=August 23, 2014 |website=Vox |url=https://www.vox.com/2014/8/16/6024539/federal-investigation-begins-40-fbi-agents-arrive-in-ferguson-michael-brown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819085023/http://www.vox.com/2014/8/16/6024539/federal-investigation-begins-40-fbi-agents-arrive-in-ferguson-michael-brown |archivedate=August 19, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
240. ^{{cite news |first=Kiratiana |last=Freelon |title=The #nmos14 started on Twitter, organized on Facebook, and looks to connect people IRL tonight |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 23, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/08/14/the-nmos14-started-on-twitter-organized-on-facebook-and-looks-to-connect-people-irl-tonight/}}
241. ^¹{{cite news |first=Dan |last=Keating |title=Acoustic experts detail purported Ferguson shooting |date=September 2, 2014 |accessdate=September 8, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/09/02/acoustic-experts-detail-purported-ferguson-shooting/}}
242. ^¹{{cite news |first=Peter |last=Holley |title=Two New York City police officers are shot and killed in a brazen ambush in Brooklyn |date=December 20, 2014 |accessdate=December 21, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/two-new-york-city-police-officers-are-shot-and-killed-in-a-brazen-ambush-in-brooklyn/2014/12/20/2a73f7ae-8898-11e4-9534-f79a23c40e6c_story.html}}
243. ^{{cite news |first=Lindsey |last=Bever |title=Amid Ferguson protests, hacker collective Anonymous wages cyberwar |date=August 13, 2014 |accessdate=August 23, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/08/13/amid-ferguson-protests-anonymous-hacktivists-wage-cyberwar}}
244. ^¹{{cite news |first=Erik |last=Wemple |title=CNN commentators doubt CNN Ferguson audio scoop |date=August 27, 2014 |accessdate=August 28, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/erik-wemple/wp/2014/08/27/cnn-commentators-doubt-cnn-ferguson-audio-scoop/}}
245. ^¹{{cite news |first=Justin |last=Moyer |title=Autopsy: Michael Brown shot six times, twice in the head |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 23, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/08/18/autopsy-michael-brown-shot-six-times-twice-in-the-head/}}
246. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶{{cite news |first=Alberto |last=Cuadra |first2=Lazaro |last2=Gamio |first3=Kimbriell |last3=Kelly |first4=Scott |last4=Higham |title=Chaos in a police vehicle |date=December 6, 2014 |accessdate=December 15, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/national/ferguson-reconstruction/}}
247. ^{{cite news |first=Laris |last=Karklis |first2=Emily |last2=Chow |title=What Ferguson police collected at the scene |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 4, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/national/ferguson-diagram-of-the-scene/}}
248. ^¹{{cite news |first=Emily |last=Wax-Thibodeaux |first2=Wesley |last2=Lowery |first3=Mark |last3=Berman |title=County investigation: Michael Brown was shot from the front, had marijuana in his system |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 24, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/08/18/county-investigation-michael-brown-was-shot-from-the-front-had-marijuana-in-his-system/}}
249. ^{{cite news |first=Wesley |last=Lowery |first2=Todd C. |last2=Frankel |title=Mike Brown notched a hard-fought victory just days before he was shot: A diploma |date=August 12, 2014 |accessdate=August 24, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/mike-brown-notched-a-hard-fought-victory-just-days-before-he-was-shot-a-diploma/2014/08/12/574d65e6-2257-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html}}
250. ^¹{{cite news |first=Carol D. |last=Leonnig |first2=Kimberly |last2=Kindy |first3=Joel |last3=Achenbach |title=Darren Wilson's first job was on a troubled police force disbanded by authorities |date=August 23, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/darren-wilsons-first-job-was-on-a-troubled-police-force-disbanded-by-authorities/2014/08/23/1ac796f0-2a45-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html}}
251. ^¹{{cite news |first=Wesley |last=Lowery |first2=Carol D. |last2=Leonnig |first3=Mark |last3=Berman |title=Even before Michael Brown's slaying in Ferguson, racial questions hung over police |date=August 13, 2014 |accessdate=August 24, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/even-before-teen-michael-browns-slaying-in-mo-racial-questions-have-hung-over-police/2014/08/13/78b3c5c6-2307-11e4-86ca-6f03cbd15c1a_story.html}}
252. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Cassell |title=The Michael Brown grand jury process was fair |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 17, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2014/11/25/the-michael-brown-grand-jury-process-was-fair/}}
253. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Berman |title=FBI opens investigation into shooting of Michael Brown |date=August 11, 2014 |accessdate=August 24, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/08/11/fbi-opens-investigation-into-shooting-of-michael-brown/}}
254. ^¹{{cite news |first=Wesley |last=Lowery |first2=Darryl |last2=Fears |title=Michael Brown and Dorian Johnson, the friend who witnessed his shooting |date=August 31, 2014 |accessdate=September 5, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/michael-brown-and-dorian-johnson-the-friend-who-witnessed-his-shooting/2014/08/31/bb9b47ba-2ee2-11e4-9b98-848790384093_story.html}}
255. ^¹{{cite news|first=Michelle Ye Hee |last=Lee |date=March 19, 2015 |accessdate=April 28, 2015 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact-checker/wp/2015/03/19/hands-up-dont-shoot-did-not-happen-in-ferguson/|title='Hands up, don't shoot' did not happen in Ferguson|work=The Washington Post}}
256. ^¹{{cite news |first=Sandhya |last=Somashekhar |first2=Steven |last2=Rich |first3=Amy |last3=Brittain |title=Inconsistency the only constant with evidence in Michael Brown case |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=April 27, 2015 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/inconsistency-the-only-constant-with-evidence-in-michael-brown-case/2014/11/25/6e3bc702-7450-11e4-bd1b-03009bd3e984_story.html}}
257. ^¹{{cite news |first=Thomas |last=Gibbons-Neff |title=Military veterans see deeply flawed police response in Ferguson |date=August 14, 2014 |accessdate=August 24, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2014/08/14/military-veterans-see-deeply-flawed-police-response-in-ferguson/}}
258. ^¹²³{{cite news |first=Kimberly |last=Kindy |title=Q&A with Robert McCulloch: 'Some people regardless of the outcome…will not be happy' |date=September 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 25, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/09/25/qa-st-louis-county-prosecutor-bob-mcculloch-on-the-grand-jury-considering-the-ferguson-shooting/}}
259. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Dan |last=Balz |first2=Scott |last2=Clement |title=Divide over Police Is Also Partisan |date=December 28, 2014 |accessdate=December 30, 2014 |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-37524081.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329112210/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-37524081.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=March 29, 2015 |subscription=y |via=HighBeam Research}}
260. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Berman |title=The New Yorker cover on Martin Luther King Jr. connects Selma and Ferguson |date=January 16, 2015 |accessdate=January 20, 2015 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2015/01/16/the-new-yorker-cover-on-martin-luther-king-jr-connects-selma-and-ferguson/}}
261. ^¹{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Berman |first2=Wesley |last2=Lowery |title=Ferguson police say Michael Brown was a robbery suspect, identify Darren Wilson as officer who shot him |date=August 15, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/08/15/ferguson-police-releasing-name-of-officer-who-shot-michael-brown/}}
262. ^¹{{cite news |first=Manuel |last=Roig-Franzia |first2=DeNeen L. |last2=Brown |first3=Wesley |last3=Lowery |title=In Ferguson, three minutes — and two lives forever changed |date=August 16, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/in-ferguson-three-minutes--and-two-lives-forever-changed/2014/08/16/f28f5bc0-2588-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html}}
263. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jerry |last=Markon |first2=Tom |last2=Hamburger |title=Unorthodox police procedures emerge in grand jury documents |date=November 25, 2014 |accessdate=December 16, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/seemingly-unorthodox-police-procedures-emerge-in-grand-jury-documents/2014/11/25/48152574-74e0-11e4-bd1b-03009bd3e984_story.html}}
264. ^¹{{cite news |first=Nia-Malika |last=Henderson |title=White House officials to attend Michael Brown's funeral |date=August 23, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/08/23/white-house-officials-to-attend-michael-browns-funeral}}
265. ^¹{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Taylor |first2=Rick |last2=Noack |title=How the rest of the world sees Ferguson |date=August 18, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |website=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/08/18/how-the-rest-of-the-world-sees-ferguson/}}
266. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Shannon |last=O'Brien |title=Shawn Parcells' credentials, role in Michael Brown autopsy questioned by doctors |date=August 19, 2014 |accessdate=November 18, 2014 |publisher=WDAF |location=Kansas City, Missouri |url=http://fox4kc.com/2014/08/19/shawn-parcells-credentials-role-in-michael-brown-autopsy-questioned-by-doctors/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022120512/http://fox4kc.com/2014/08/19/shawn-parcells-credentials-role-in-michael-brown-autopsy-questioned-by-doctors/ |archivedate=October 22, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
267. ^¹{{cite news |title=Online fundraisers for both officer and Michael Brown's family surpass $100,000 each |date=August 21, 2014 |accessdate=April 20, 2015 |publisher=WJLA |location=Washington, D.C. |url=http://www.wjla.com/articles/2014/08/online-campaign-supporting-officer-who-shot-michael-brown-surpasses-100-000-in-donations-106322.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827195814/http://www.wjla.com/articles/2014/08/online-campaign-supporting-officer-who-shot-michael-brown-surpasses-100-000-in-donations-106322.html |archivedate=August 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
268. ^¹²{{cite news |title=Ferguson witnesses admit they lied to grand jury |date=December 16, 2014 |accessdate=April 27, 2015 |publisher=WJLA |location=Washington, D.C. |url=http://www.wjla.com/articles/2014/12/ferguson-witnesses-admit-they-lied-to-grand-jury-109852.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227180646/http://www.wjla.com/articles/2014/12/ferguson-witnesses-admit-they-lied-to-grand-jury-109852.html |archivedate=December 27, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
269. ^¹{{cite news |title=Ferguson Grand Jury Transcripts Show Widely Varying Witness Testimony |date=n.d. |accessdate=December 16, 2014 |website=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ferguson-grand-jury-transcripts-show-widely-varying-witness-testimony-1416948406 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218080229/http://www.wsj.com/articles/ferguson-grand-jury-transcripts-show-widely-varying-witness-testimony-1416948406 |archivedate=December 18, 2014 |deadurl=no |subscription=y}}
270. ^¹{{cite news |first=Alan Scher |last=Zagier |title=Missouri crowd after shooting: 'Kill the police' |date=August 10, 2014 |accessdate=August 26, 2014 |publisher=Yahoo! News |url=https://news.yahoo.com/missouri-crowd-shooting-kill-police-230624269.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812202107/http://news.yahoo.com/missouri-crowd-shooting-kill-police-230624269.html |archivedate=August 12, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
271. ^¹²{{cite news |first=Holbrook |last=Mohr |first2=David A. |last2=Lieb |title=Feds: Evidence Backs Ferguson Officer's Account in Shooting |date=March 4, 2015 |accessdate=March 9, 2015 |website=Yahoo! News |agency=Associated Press |url=https://news.yahoo.com/feds-evidence-backs-ferguson-officers-account-shooting-204518582.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150307043844/http://news.yahoo.com/feds-evidence-backs-ferguson-officers-account-shooting-204518582.html |archivedate=March 7, 2015}}
272. ^¹{{cite news |first=Jason |last=Sickles |title=Key report in Michael Brown shooting doesn't exist, Ferguson police say |date=September 25, 2014 |accessdate=September 27, 2014 |publisher=Yahoo! News |url=https://news.yahoo.com/ferguson-police-internal-record-on-controversial-shooting-of-michael-brown-doesnt-exist-001401818.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140928180543/http://news.yahoo.com/ferguson-police-internal-record-on-controversial-shooting-of-michael-brown-doesnt-exist-001401818.html |archivedate=September 28, 2014 |deadurl=no}}
273. ^¹{{cite news |first=and Toppo, Greg |last=Coleman, Christina |title= Ferguson police chief issues apology to Brown family |date=September 25, 2014 |accessdate=May 12, 2018 |publisher=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/09/25/michael-brown-case/16199575/ }}
274. ^¹{{cite news |first=Miles |last=Parks |title= Ferguson, Mo., Police Chief Resigns Following Justice Department Report |date=March 11, 2015 |accessdate=May 12, 2018 |publisher=National Public Radio |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2015/03/11/392381084/ferguson-mo-police-chief-resigns-following-justice-department-report }}
275. ^¹{{cite news |first=Brandon E. |last=Patterson |title= Michael Brown's Mother Is Considering a Run for Ferguson City Council |date=April 24, 2018 |accessdate=May 13, 2018 |publisher=Mother Jones and the Foundation for National Progress |url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/04/michael-browns-mother-is-considering-a-run-for-ferguson-city-council/ }}

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