| 词条 | Siege of Venlo (1586) |
| 释义 |
conflict=Siege of Venlo (1586) |image=Venlo 28 juni 1586.jpg |image_size=300px |caption=Engraving of the Siege of Venlo of 1586 by Simon Frisius. Collection Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. |partof=the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) |date=June 28, 1586 |place=Venlo, Limburg, Low Countries (present-day the Netherlands) |coordinates= |result=Spanish victory[1][2] |combatant1={{flagicon|United Provinces}} United Provinces {{flagcountry|Kingdom of England}} |combatant2={{flag|Spain|1506}} |commander1={{flagicon|United Provinces}} Maarten Schenck {{flagicon|Kingdom of England}} Roger Williams |commander2={{flagicon|Spain|1506}} Alexander Farnese |strength1= |strength2= |casualties1= |casualties2= }}{{Campaignbox Eighty Years' War}}{{Campaignbox Anglo-Spanish War}} The Siege of Venlo of 1586, also known as the Capture of Venlo, was a Spanish victory that took place on June 28, 1586, at the city of Venlo, in the southeastern of Low Countries, near the German border (present-day Province of Limburg, the Netherlands), between the Spanish forces commanded by Governor-General Don Alexander Farnese, Prince of Parma ({{lang-es|Alejandro Farnesio}}), and the Dutch garrison of Venlo, supported by relief troops under Maarten Schenck van Nydeggen and Sir Roger Williams, during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604).[1][2] After two failed attempts to relieve the city, the siege ended on June 28, 1586, with the capitulation and the withdrawal of the Dutch garrison.[3][4][5] According to John Lothrop Motley, during the siege, there was an important event when the troops of Maarten Schenck and Roger Williams arrived near Venlo to relief the Dutch garrison.[6] At that night (about 170 Dutch and English soldiers led by Schenck and Williams) they passed through enemy lines with stealth, killed several Spanish soldiers, and even reached the door of the Prince of Parma's tent, where they killed Parma's secretary and his personal guard.[2] Then, with the Spanish camp alerted, Schenck's troops fled to Wachtendonk, being pursued by 2,000 Spanish soldiers.[6] In this pursuit, near the half of Maarten Schenck's troops were killed or captured.[3][6] After the capture of Venlo, in mid-July 1586, the Spanish army led by Don Alexander, surrounded the city of Neuss (or Nuys), an important Protestant stronghold in the Electorate of Cologne, as part of Spanish support to Ernest of Bavaria in the Cologne War.[7] The city refused to capitulate, and consequently Neuss was virtually destroyed by Parma's army.[3] The whole garrison commanded by Hermann Friedrich Cloedt was killed or captured, including himself.[8] On May 21, 1597, Maurice of Nassau tried to capture Venlo by surprise, but the operation was a failure due to the great defense of the Spanish garrison, supported by the population of the city.[9] In 1606 another attempt led by Frederick Henry resulted in another failure.[10] See also
Notes1. ^1 David Hume & John Lingard p.52 2. ^1 2 [https://books.google.es/books?id=rMxQAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA325&dq=Siege+of+Venlo+1586&hl=es&sa=X&ei=4b9pVdD3HYb4Uo6igOgB&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Siege%20of%20Venlo%201586&f=false John Lothrop Motley. History of the United Netherlands: from the death of William the Silent to the Synod of Dort. p.326] 3. ^1 2 Hume & Lingard p.52 4. ^Robert Watson pp.59–60 5. ^Duffy p.74 6. ^1 2 John Lothrop Motley pp.325–326 7. ^Parker p.18 8. ^[https://books.google.es/books?id=HJIKAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA174&lpg=PA174&dq=hermann+von+cloedt&source=bl&ots=VaVVcvnet9&sig=62ygL7JTkx9xmrFIOupEXI9VMKI&hl=en&ei=V-lsSueGBpGCNNXWvPkG&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result Geschichte der Stadt Koeln.] Leonard Ennen p.199 9. ^Anthonis Duyck p.272–275 10. ^Inventaris van het oud archief der gemeente Roermond... Bijlage tot het verslag van den toestand der gemeente over het jaar 1862. Vol II. Uitgave: J. J. Romen. p.307 References
External links
8 : Sieges of the Eighty Years' War|Sieges involving Spain|Sieges involving the Dutch Republic|Sieges involving England|1586 in Europe|Conflicts in 1586|History of Limburg (Netherlands)|Venlo |
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