| 词条 | The Final Countdown (film) |
| 释义 |
| name=The Final Countdown | image=Final countdown 1980.jpg | caption=Theatrical release poster | director=Don Taylor | writer={{plainlist|
}} | starring={{plainlist|
}} | music=John Scott | cinematography=Victor J. Kemper | editing=Robert K. Lambert | producer=Peter Vincent Douglas | studio =Optical House Inc. | distributor=United Artists | released={{Film date|1980|08|01}} | runtime=103 minutes | country = United States | language=English | budget=$12 million | gross=$16,647,800 |}} The Final Countdown is a 1980 alternate history science fiction film about a modern aircraft carrier that travels through time to the day before the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. Produced by Peter Vincent Douglas and directed by Don Taylor, the film stars Kirk Douglas, Martin Sheen, James Farentino, Katharine Ross and Charles Durning. This was Taylor's final film. Produced with the full cooperation of the United States Navy, set and filmed on board the actual {{USS|Nimitz}} supercarrier, The Final Countdown was a moderate success at the box office. PlotIn 1980, {{USS|Nimitz|CVN-68|6}} takes on a civilian observer Warren Lasky (Martin Sheen), on the orders of his reclusive employer, Mr. Tideman, whose company designed and built the ship, as she departs Pearl Harbor for training in the Pacific. Once at sea, Nimitz encounters a strange storm-like vortex, which disappears after the ship passes through it. Initially unsure of what has happened, and having lost radio contact with Pacific Fleet Command, Captain Matthew Yelland (Kirk Douglas) orders General Quarters and, fearing the possibility of a nuclear strike on Hawaii, launches an RF-8 Crusader reconnaissance aircraft, which returns with photographs of the intact 1941 U.S. Pacific battleship fleet at Pearl Harbor.{{#tag:ref|During December 1941, the U.S. Navy Pacific fleet was based in Pearl Harbor and consisted mainly of battleships moored at harbor, as two aircraft carriers normally at Pearl Harbor, were at sea.[1]|group= Note}} When a surface contact is spotted on the radar, Captain Yelland launches the ready alert, two Grumman F-14 Tomcat fighter jets, to intercept. The patrol eventually witness a civilian yacht being attacked and destroyed by two Japanese Mitsubishi A6M “Zero” fighters, killing three of the crewmembers. The F-14s are ordered to drive off the Zeros without firing, stunning the japanese pilots. When the Zeros inadvertently heads towards the Nimitz, Captain Yelland gives clearance to shoot them down. Nimitz rescues the yacht's remaining survivors: US Senator Samuel Chapman (Charles Durning), his secretary Laurel Scott (Katharine Ross), her dog, Charlie, and one of the Zero pilots. The CAG (Commander, Air Group) of Nimitz, Commander Owens (James Farentino), an amateur historian, recognizes Samuel Chapman as a politician who could have been Franklin D. Roosevelt's running mate (and his potential successor) during his final re-election bid except for the fact that Chapman disappeared shortly before the fateful attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. After a Grumman E-2 Hawkeye discovers the Japanese fleet poised to attack Pearl Harbor, Nimitz crew eventually realize that they have been transported back in time to December 6, one day before the attack. Captain Yelland has to decide whether to destroy the Japanese fleet and alter the course of history, or to stand by and allow history to proceed as "normal". The civilians and the Zero pilot are kept isolated, but while being questioned, the Japanese pilot grabs a weapon, kills his guards and holds the other survivors, Owens, and Lasky as hostages. He threatens to kill them unless he is given access to a radio so he can warn his commanding officers about Nimitz, which is far more powerful than anything in the Japanese fleet. The Japanese pilot is eventually overcome, and Laurel and Commander Owens become attracted to each other. Chapman is outraged to learn that Captain Yelland knows of the impending Japanese attack but has not told anyone else, and demands to be taken to Pearl Harbor to warn naval authorities there. Yelland instead orders Owens to drop off the civilians and sufficient supplies for them via helicopter on an isolated Hawaiian island, assuming they will eventually be rescued. When they arrive, Chapman realizes he has been tricked and tries to hijack the chopper and force the pilot to fly to Pearl Harbor, but instead causes an explosion that destroys the craft, stranding Laurel and Owens on the island. Nimitz launches a massive strike force against the incoming Japanese forces, but before they can reach the enemy armada, the time storm returns. After a futile attempt to outrun the storm, Yelland recalls the strike force, and the ship and the aircraft return to 1980 safely, ultimately leaving the past unchanged. Upon the return of Nimitz to Pearl Harbor, the Pacific Fleet admirals board the ship to investigate Nimitz{{'}}s bizarre disappearance. Meanwhile, Lasky leaves the ship with Laurel's dog, Charlie, finally encountering the mysterious "Mr. Tideman" face-to-face, who is revealed to be a much older Commander Owens, along with his wife, Laurel. Cast
ProductionKirk Douglas's son, Peter, as producer, was the driving force behind The Final Countdown.[2] With a limited budget but with a promising script, he was able to attract interest from the U.S. Navy. After seeing a script, officials from the Department of Defense offered full cooperation, but insisted that for safety and to maintain operational readiness, the film schedules would be dependent on the "on location" naval consultant, William Micklos.[3] Principal photography took place at Naval Air Station Key West, Naval Station Norfolk, and off the Florida Keys, over a set of two five-week periods in 1979. Scenes at Pearl Harbor consisted of mainly stock footage with most of The Final Countdown exteriors shot on Nimitz while at sea, and at drydock for interiors. During operations, an emergency landing took place with the production crew allowed to film the recovery of the aircraft on Nimitz; the sequence appeared in the final film.[4] Many of the crew members of Nimitz were used as extras, a few with speaking parts; a total of 48 of the crew appear as "actors" in the final credits.[4] The difficulties in filming a modern jet fighter were soon apparent when the first setup to record a F-14 takeoff at Naval Station Norfolk, Virginia, resulted in both camera and operator being pitched down a runway.[5]{{#tag:ref|The first attempt to film a takeoff on the USS Nimitz resulted in a repeat of the earlier incident as the camera and operator were pitched off the deck, caught in a restraining net below decks.[5]|group= Note}} Dissension in the production crew led to major changes during location shooting, leading to a number of the crew being fired and replaced.{{#tag:ref|Kaufman as unit production manager was upset that unnecessary costs and unreasonable demands were hampering progress.[4] After problems experienced on The Final Countdown, Kaufman set out as independent producer, head of the Troma Entertainment film studio.[6]|group= Note}} Taylor's direction was considered workmanlike as he had a reputation for bringing projects in on time and on budget, but suggestions from the U.S. naval aviators were ultimately incorporated into the shooting schedules with the "B" crew placed in charge of all the aerial sequences that became the primary focus of the film.[7] In order to film the aerial sequences, Panavision cameras were mounted on naval aircraft while camera-equipped aircraft and helicopters were also employed by the studio, including a Bell 206 Jet Ranger helicopter, Learjet 35, and a B-25 bomber converted into a camera platform, and leased from Tallmantz Aviation. Three Mitsubishi A6M Zero replicas, originally built for the film Tora! Tora! Tora! (1970), were flown by pilots from the Confederate Air Force, now called the Commemorative Air Force.[8] Two of the replicas were featured in a dogfight with F-14 Tomcats; a dissimilar engagement that was the first time that "the match-up of fighters with totally different speeds, totally different environments and weaponry had ever been done in film".[9] In one scene where an F-14 "thumps" a Zero by flying under and streaking upward in front of the slower aircraft, the resultant "jet blast" of turbulent air was so intense that the control columns of both of the Zeros in the scene were violently wrenched out of the pilots' hands and caused both aircraft to momentarily tumble out of control.{{#tag:ref|At the conclusion of the dogfight scene, by sheer chance, the two Zeros spun away from each other, avoiding a midair collision.[9]|group= Note}} The lead pilot's headset, along with his watch were ripped off and out of the open canopy of his Zero, resulting in a few anxious moments as the F-14 pilots were unable to establish contact.[9] During the engagement when a Zero fires on an F-14, in order to get on the "six" of the low and slow Zero, the jet fighter did a low pull up that ended just {{convert|100|ft|m}} above the ocean in a screaming recovery.[9]{{#tag:ref|In the final edit, the sound of the F-14 was actually punctuated by the scream of the pilot's wife when she saw the daily rushes, interspersed by the sound editor into the high-pitched afterburner whine. This scene has now become part of the urban legend of the film, described as a pilot's "death plunge".[9]|group= Note}} During the climactic attack on Pearl Harbor, scenes reproduced in monochrome from Tora! Tora! Tora! featured Aichi D3A Val dive bombers, Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighters and Nakajima B5N Kate torpedo bombers.[10]{{#tag:ref|Several later films and TV series relating to World War II in the Pacific have used footage from Tora! Tora! Tora! due to the film's "almost perfect documentary accuracy". These productions include Midway, Pearl (TV mini-series 1978), From Here to Eternity (TV mini-series 1979), Magnum P. I. episode "Lest We Forget" aired February 12, 1981 and Australia (2008).[11][12]|group= Note}} Aircraft appearing in the production
ReceptionThe Final Countdown was promoted as a summer blockbuster and received mixed reviews from critics. Vincent Canby of The New York Times considered it more of an interesting, behind-the-scenes tour of Nimitz. "We see planes landing and taking off with beautiful precision and, just to let us know that things don't always run smoothly on Nimitz, we also see one plane, which has lost its landing hook, landing safely anyway because of the ship's emergency gear."[13]{{#tag:ref|When the production crew learned that an emergency landing was imminent, they quickly set up for photography; the A-7 aircraft was safely recovered.[9]|group= Note}} Roger Ebert commented that "logic doesn't matter in a Star Wars(-like) movie". He went on to clarify: "Unfortunately, the movie makes such a mess of it that the biggest element of interest is the aircraft carrier itself."[14] Later reviews concentrated on the intriguing aspect of the time travel story, again stressing the military hardware was the real star.[15][16] The U.S. Navy sponsored the film premiere and exploited the film as a recruiting tool to the extent that The Final Countdown poster appeared in U.S. Navy recruiting offices shortly after the film's release.[13] Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert selected the film as one of their "dogs of the year" in a 1980 episode of Sneak Previews.[17]Awards
ReleaseThe Final Countdown was released to theaters in the United States on August 1, 1980.[18] A novelization by Martin Caidin, based on the screenplay was released in the same month.[19] Although preceded by a video release, on March 30, 2004, The Final Countdown was released by Blue Underground on a two-DVD set (both full screen DVD, a widescreen DVD) and a special two-disc limited edition set that comes with a hologram cover.[2] Each edition was accompanied by special featurettes including a "behind-the-scenes" documentary as well as accessing overlaid commentary by the producer and other studio principals.[20] On November 4, 2008, a high-definition Blu-ray 2-disc set was also released, but did not include some of the earlier extra background material.[21]See also
Notes1. ^Toland 1991, p. 5. 2. ^1 Kjolseth, Pablo. "Home Video Reviews: The Final Countdown". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved: September 7, 2012. 3. ^Suid 2002, pp. 421–423. 4. ^"The Final Countdown DVD (End credits)". Blue Underground, 2004. 5. ^1 Gregory, David. "The Final Countdown DVD (overlaid commentary)". Blue Underground, 2004. 6. ^Kaufman et al. 2003, p. 62. 7. ^1 2 Gregory, David. Interview with Lloyd Kaufman (documentary featurette that accompanies 'The Final Countdown' DVD). Blue Underground, 2004. 8. ^Cooper, Gregory. "Zero Pilot Journal". CAF Dispatch, 1979. 9. ^1 2 3 4 5 Gregory, David. "Starring the Jolly Rogers"—Interviews with the Jolly Rogers F-14 Fighter Squadron (documentary featurette that accompanies 'The Final Countdown' DVD). Blue Underground, 2004. 10. ^Muir, John Kenneth. "Cult movie review: The Final Countdown (1980)". John Kenneth Muir's Reflections on Film/TV, August 28, 2008. Retrieved: May 18, 2012. 11. ^Dolan 1985, p. 87. 12. ^Frietas 2011, p. 333. 13. ^1 Canby, Vincent. [https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9907E0DE1538F932A3575BC0A966948260 " 'The Final Countdown' (1980) - Carrier Nimitz stars in 'Countdown'".] The New York Times, August 1, 1980. 14. ^Ebert, Roger. "The Final Countdown". Chicago Sun Times, August 5, 1980. Retrieved: May 7, 2012. 15. ^"The Final Countdown (1980, USA)". Black Hole Reviews, April 2, 2009. Retrieved: May 7, 2012. 16. ^Carrazzoa, Vince. "The Final Countdown (1980)". DVDnet. Retrieved: May 7, 2012. 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://siskelandebert.org/video/K67XHXKYBXU4/Worst-of-1980|title=Siskel & Ebert org - Worst of 1980|first=Modified by Richi from Juapo2Services & Developer by Arslan Hassan -|last=http://clip-bucket.com/arslan-hassan|publisher=}} 18. ^{{IMDb title|0080736}} 19. ^Caidin 1980, p. versa. 20. ^The Final Countdown DVD. Blue Underground. 21. ^The Final Countdown Blu-ray. Blue Underground. Retrieved: September 3, 2012. References{{Reflist|30em}}Sources{{Refbegin}}
External links
17 : 1980 films|1980s science fiction films|American aviation films|American alternate history films|American science fiction war films|English-language films|Films directed by Don Taylor|Films scored by John Scott (composer)|Films set in 1941|Films set in 1980|Pearl Harbor films|Seafaring films|Films about time travel|United Artists films|World War II aviation films|Films about the United States Navy|Films about the United States Navy in World War II |
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