| 词条 | The Glenlivet distillery |
| 释义 |
| Name = The Glenlivet Distillery | Type = Speyside | Image = The Glenlivet.jpg | Image size = 250px | Caption = The Glenlivet Distillery | Location = Moray | Owner = Pernod Ricard | Founded = 1824 | Status = Operational | Source = Josie's Well (yielding 3,500-gallons of pure cold water per hour), which is supplemented by the Blairfindy Well. | Stills = 14 copper pot stills (7 Wash @ 15,000-L, 7 Spirit @ 10,000-L) | Mash Tuns = 2 (1 Briggs full-Lauter mashtun (12.6-ton) and 1 traditional semi-Lauter mashtun) | Washbacks = 16 Oregon pine washbacks @ 60,000-L each | Fermentation = 50-hours | Capacity = 10,500,000-Lpa (liters of pure alcohol) | Brand 1 = The Glenlivet | Type 1 = | Age 1 = 12-year-old 15-year-old 16-year-old-Nàdurra 18-year-old 21-year-old 25-year-old | Cask 1 = Bourbon French Oak | ABV 1 = }}The Glenlivet distillery is a distillery near Ballindalloch in Moray, Scotland that produces single malt Scotch whisky. It is the oldest legal distillery in the parish of Glenlivet, and the production place of the Scottish whisky of the same name. It was founded in 1824 and has operated almost continuously since.[1] The distillery remained open throughout the Great Depression and its only closure came during World War II. The Glenlivet distillery has grown in the post-war period to become one of the biggest single malt distilleries in order to keep up with global demand; The Glenlivet brand is the biggest selling single malt whisky in the United States and the second biggest selling single malt brand globally.[2] Today, the distillery is owned by the French alcoholic beverages company Pernod Ricard, who also oversees the distillery's production of 5,900,000 proof litres per annum.[3][4] The majority of this – enough for 6 million bottles – is sold as The Glenlivet single malt, with the remainder being used in Pernod Ricard's blended whisky brands.[2] ProductionThe distillery draws water from Josie's Well and other springs a short distance from the distillery. The malt comes from Crisp Maltings, Portgordon. Glenlivet's stills are lantern shaped with long, narrow necks, all of which helps to produce a light tasting spirit.[5] The distillery has 7 wash stills each with a capacity of 15,000 litres and 7 spirit stills with a capacity of 10,000 litres.[6] The spirit is then matured in oak casks.[5] Glenlivet is categorised as a Speyside distillery. As of 2016, The Glenlivet range consists of 13 whiskies.[7] The main product range from the distillery is The Glenlivet range of single malt scotch whisky, but whisky from the distillery is also used in the production of Pernod Ricard's other brands, including Chivas Regal and Royal Salute whisky brands.[8] Bottling of The Glenlivet took place at a Chivas Brothers bottling plant at Newbridge just outside Edinburgh,[6] but that plant was sold at the end of 2009 with bottling to be transferred to other Chivas Brothers plants.[9] In 2008, The Glenlivet announced expansion plans for the distillery to keep up with increased demand. This includes the installation of a new mash tun, new stills and new wash backs.[10] HistoryIllicit distilleries were commonplace throughout the Speyside area from 1700s but were largely made redundant with the passing of the Excise Act in 1823.[11] It was under this legislation that legal distilleries could be formed, subject to holding a license. Alexander Gordon, 4th Duke of Gordon, was allegedly instrumental in the passing of this legislation. Although there is no historical record of his involvement in the issue, his tenant, George Smith, who was operating an illicit distillery at the time, became the first person in Glenlivet to apply for and receive a license to legally produce spirit.[8] This would prove to be an unpopular decision; every other distiller was operating illegally at the time and hoping the new Excise Act would be repealed, something which would not happen if some distillers accepted the new law. Threats were made against George Smith, so George Gordon provided Smith with two pistols to be used to ensure both his own safety and that of the distillery.[8] In 1824, The Glenlivet distillery was established at Upper Drumin by George and his youngest son John Gordon Smith.[1][12] George Smith established a second distillery during 1849, named the Cairngorm-Delnabo Distillery but by 1855 or 1856, both distilleries were running at full capacity, and were unable to meet rising demand.[1][12] The operation of two separate sites was also proving difficult and expensive, so plans were formed around the same time to build a new, larger distillery further down the hill at Minmore. Construction of this new distillery was underway when the old Upper Drumin distillery was destroyed by fire during 1858.[1] Construction of the new Minmore distillery was sped up and salvageable equipment from the Upper Drumin distillery was transferred to the new Mimmore distillery. The Delnabo distillery was closed at the same time and the best parts of the equipment were also transferred to the Minmore plant. Production commenced at the new plant during 1859 and it was around the same time the legal entity of George & J.G. Smith, Ltd. was formed.[1][12] George Smith died in 1871 and his son John Gordon Smith inherited the distillery. The quality of the product from their distillery had resulted in the other distilleries in the area renaming their products to "Glenlivet" and by the time of George's death, several distillers were doing so. J.G. Smith decided to take legal action and tried to claim ownership on The Glenlivet name, this legal action was only partially successful - the verdict forced other distillers in the area to stop calling their whisky Glenlivet and gave J.G. Smith and the blender Andrew Usher sole permission to use the brand, but permitted other distilleries to hyphenate their distillery name with the "Glenlivet" name, which resulted in new distillery names such as The Glen Moray-Glenlivet Distillery, a distillery which is situated nearby.[1][12] The distillery remained open throughout the Great Depression, an event which affected many other distilleries; it wasn't until the Second World War that the distillery was mothballed for the first time, by Government decree.[1] In the aftermath of World War Two, Britain was heavily indebted and needed to export large quantities of goods to earn foreign revenue (mainly United States dollars). Distilling was an ideal industry with whisky much in demand overseas. Distilling restrictions were rapidly lifted and output from the distillery was at pre-war levels by 1947, despite ongoing barley, fuel, and manpower limitations.[1] Bread rationing was retained until 1948 in order to ensure supplies of grain for the distilleries.[1][13] Glenlivet Distillery (George & J.G. Smith, Ltd.) merged with the Glen Grant Distillery (J. & J. Grant Glen Grant, Ltd.) in 1953 to form The Glenlivet and Glen Grant Distillers, Ltd.. The company would go on to merge with Hill Thomson & Co., Ltd. and Longmorn-Glenlivet Distilleries, Ltd. in 1970 before changing their name to Glenlivet Distillers Ltd in 1972.[12] The company was then purchased by Canadian drinks and media company Seagram in 1977.[2] Seagram's alcohol production interests were acquired by Pernod Ricard and Diageo during 2000, with ownership of Glenlivet Distillers passing to Pernod Ricard.[3] Glen Grant Distillery was sold to Campari Group in 2005.[14] The Glenlivet is the best selling malt whisky in the United States, and the fourth best selling in the UK with a 7% market share. The Glenlivet is the world's second best selling single malt whisky, and current global sales total 6 million bottles per annum.[2] ExtensionA new extension with an additional mashtun, eight washbacks and 6 stills was opened by the Prince of Wales on 5 June 2010. The capacity of the distillery has been increased by 75%[15] [16]ProductsCore Range
These bottlings are only available through the travel retail market, such as airports and ferries.
Other products
Awards and reviewsGlenlivet's offerings have frequently been reviewed at spirit ratings competitions, generally garnering relatively high praise. The Glenlivet 18yr is perhaps the most highly decorated of the offerings, winning five double golds from the San Francisco World Spirits Competition between 2005 and 2012 and yielding only slightly less impressive scores from the Beverage Testing Institute and Wine Enthusiast.[18] The 18yr Nadurra earned a double gold medal at the 2010 San Francisco World Spirits Competition and a score of 94 (out of 100) in the same year from the Beverage Testing Institute.[19] Other notable results include:
See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite book | last = Pacult | first = F. Paul | authorlink = | title = A Double Scotch: How Chivas Regal and The Glenlivet Became Global Icons | publisher = John Wiley and Sons | year = 2005 | location = Hoboken, New Jersey | pages = 120–121 | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 978-0-471-72005-8 }} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.whisky.com/brands/glenlivet_brand.html |title=The Glenlivet Single Malt Scotch Whisky |accessdate=2007-10-01 |work=Glenlivet }} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.diageo.com/en-row/NewsAndMedia/PressReleases/2000/Diageo+plc+and+Pernod+Ricard+SA+to+acquire+Seagram+spirits+and+wine+business.htm |title=Diageo plc and Pernod Ricard SA to acquire Seagram spirits and wine business |accessdate=2007-10-01 |date=2000-12-20 |publisher=Diageo |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071025012910/http://www.diageo.com/en-row/NewsAndMedia/PressReleases/2000/Diageo+plc+and+Pernod+Ricard+SA+to+acquire+Seagram+spirits+and+wine+business.htm |archivedate = October 25, 2007|deadurl=yes}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scotchwhisky.net/distilleries/glenlivet.htm |title=Glenlivet Distillery |accessdate=2008-01-29 |work=scotchwhisky.net }} 5. ^1 {{cite book | last = Milroy | first = Wallace | authorlink = | title = The Original Malt Whisky Almanac - A Taster's Guide | publisher = Neil Wilson Publishing | location = Glasgow, Scotland | pages = 45 | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 978-1-897784-68-6 | year = 1998 }} 6. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://scotchwhisky.com/whiskypedia/1861/the-glenlivet/#/ |title=Glenlivet Distillery |accessdate=2017-05-25 |work=ScotchWhisky.com |df= }} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Our Whisky|url=https://uk.theglenlivet.com/tag/our-whisky/|accessdate=20 December 2016}}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.whisky-distilleries.info/Glenlivet_EN.shtml |title=Glenlivet Distillery: Speyside distillery |accessdate = 2007-10-01 |publisher=Scotland: Whisky and Distilleries }} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://living.scotsman.com/scotsman-whisky/80-jobs-to-go-as.5834102.jp |title=80 jobs to go as Chivas Bros reveals Newbridge bottling plant sale | accessdate = 2010-01-03 }} 10. ^http://www.just-drinks.com/article.aspx?id=93133 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bruichladdich.com/taxing_the_spirit_1220_-_today.htm |title=Taxing The Spirit: 1220 to Today |accessdate=2007-10-01 |publisher=Bruichladdich |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101217070602/http://www.bruichladdich.com/taxing_the_spirit_1220_-_today.htm |archive-date=2010-12-17 |dead-url=yes |df= }} 12. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book | last = Morrice | first = Philip | authorlink = | title = The Schweppes Guide To Scotch | publisher = Alphabooks | date = | location = Sherborne, Dorset, England | pages = 340–342 | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 978-0-906670-29-3}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bakeryinfo.co.uk/news/categoryfront.php/id/19/BAKING_HISTORY.html |title=History in the baking |accessdate=2007-10-01 |date=2006-09-12 |work=British Baker |publisher=William Reed Publishing Ltd }} 14. ^{{cite news | first= | last= | coauthors= | title=Italy's Campari seals whisky deal | date=2005-12-23 | publisher=BBC | url =http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4555032.stm | work =BBC News Online | pages = | accessdate = 2007-10-01 | language = }} 15. ^{{cite news | first= | last= | title=£10 MILLION DISTILLERY EXPANSION SIGNALS THE GLENLIVET’S BID FOR GLOBAL LEADERSHIP IN SINGLE MALT SCOTCH WHISKY | url=http://www.whiskyintelligence.com/2010/06/10-million-distillery-expansion-signals-the-glenlivet%E2%80%99s-bid-for-global-leadership-in-single-malt-scotch-whisky-scotch-whisky-news/ | accessdate= 2010-06-05 |language=}} 16. ^{{cite news| first=| last=| title=Distillery News| url=http://www.theglenlivet.com/distilleryopening/news.php| accessdate=2010-06-05| language=}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.theglenlivet.com/theglenlivet.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060203055922/http://www.theglenlivet.com/theglenlivet.php |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2006-02-03 |title=The Glenlivet - Product Range |accessdate=2007-10-01 |publisher=Glenlivet |df= }} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.proof66.com/whiskey/glenlivet-18yr-scotch.html|title=Glenlivet 18yr Awards Summary at Proof66.com|publisher= |date= |accessdate=2012-10-17}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.proof66.com/whiskey/glenlivet-18yr-nadurra-single-malt-scotch.html|title=Glenlivet 18yr Nadurra Awards Summary at Proof66.com|publisher= |date= |accessdate=2012-10-17}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.proof66.com/display.asp?t=whiskey|archive-url=https://archive.is/20120912080945/http://www.proof66.com/display.asp?t=whiskey|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2012-09-12|title=Whisky summary page at Proof66.com|publisher=|date=|accessdate=2010-10-25}} External links{{commons category|Glenlivet distillery}}
3 : 1824 establishments in Scotland|Pernod Ricard brands|Scottish malt whisky |
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