“Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory-Brief form”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The SPAI-B consists of 16 items that are answered with a Likert scale of 5 points (instead of 7, as in the original form). While the original SPAI may be especially useful in providing clinical information for a wide range of social situations, it is time-consuming. Alternatively, the SPAI-B appeared to be especially valuable as a screening tool and easily administered in both clinical and community settings. The SPAI-B is composed of 16 items, half the length of the original subscale (32 items) and almost two-thirds the length of the original scale (45 items). Reduction in the time required to administer the inventory is also significant (approximately, 5 vs. 30 minutes). Psychometric properties in Portuguese and Spanish adolescents and young adults taking either a paper-and-pencil or an online survey have been reported.^[3]^[4]

Recently, another brief version of the SPAI has been developed for adults. Dr. Beidel, along with a team from the University of Amsterdam (The Netherlands) have developed the SPAI-18. Data from an in-press paper reveals that the SPAI-18 is a psychometrically sound instrument with good screening capacity for social anxiety disorder in clinical as well as community samples.^[5] This scale has fewer items than the one developed by Dr. Beidel and her team in 2007 to tap social anxiety in adults, named as SPAI-23.^[6]

The sum of the scores is up to 90 points, but 16 points must be discounted (as minimum score is 16). In adolescents, a rounded cut-off score of 25 was set up.^[7] In young adults, research supports a rounded cut-off point of 23 for the DSM-5 specific subtype of performance or public speaking and 24 for overall social anxiety. It must be noted that the generalized specifier for social anxiety disorder (formerly, social phobia) changed in favor of a performance-only (i.e., public-speaking or performance) specifier in DSM-5.^[8]

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References

1. ^Tulbure, B. T., Szentagotai, A., Dobrean, A., & David, D. (2012). Evidence Based Clinical Assessment of Child and Adolescent Social Phobia: A Critical Review of Rating Scales. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 43, 795-820.
2. ^García-López, L. J, Hidalgo, M. D., Beidel, D. C., Olivares, J., & Turner, S. M. (2008). Brief form of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI-B) for adolescents. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 24, 150-156.
3. ^Piqueras, J. A., Espinosa-Fernández, L., Garcia-Lopez, L. J., & Beidel, D. C. (2012). Validación del Inventario de Ansiedad y Fobia Social-Forma Breve en jóvenes adultos españoles [SPAI-B: Psychometric properties in young adults]. Behavioral Psychology/Psicologia Conductual, 20, 505-528.
4. ^Vieira, S., Salvador, C., Matos, A. P., Garcia-Lopez, L. J., & Beidel, D. C. (2013). Inventario de Fobia y Ansiedad Social-versión Breve: Propiedades psicométricas en una muestra de adolescentes portugueses [SPAI-B: Psychometric properties in Portuguese adolescents]. Behavioral Psychology/Psicologia Conductual, 21, 25-38.
5. ^de Vente, W., Majdandžić, M., Voncken, M. J-, Beidel, D. C., & Bögels, S. M. (2014). The SPAI-18, a brief version of the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory: Reliability and validity in clinically referred and non-referred samples. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 28, 140-147. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.05.003.
6. ^Roberson-Nay, R., Strong, D. R., Nay, W. T., Beidel, D. C., & Turner, S. M. (2007).Development of an abbreviated social phobia and anxiety inventory (SPAI) using itemresponse theory: The SPAI-23. Psychological Assessment, 19, 133-145.
7. ^ Garcia-Lopez LJ, Saez-Castillo A, Beidel DC, La Greca AM (2015). Brief measures to screen for social anxiety in adolescents. J Dev Behav Pediatr 36:562–568.
8. ^"Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5". American Psychiatric Association. May 17, 2013. Retrieved September 6, 2013.

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