“The Grifters (film)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Grifters is a 1990 American neo-noir crime drama film directed by Stephen Frears, produced by Martin Scorsese, and starring John Cusack, Anjelica Huston and Annette Bening.^[1] The screenplay was written by Donald E. Westlake, based on Jim Thompson's novel of the same name.

Plot

Lilly Dillon is a veteran con artist. She works for Bobo Justus, a mob bookmaker, making large cash bets at race tracks to lower the odds of longshots. On her way to La Jolla for the horse races, she stops in Los Angeles to visit her son Roy, a small-time grifter whom she has not seen in eight years. She finds him in pain and bleeding internally after one of his victims caught him pulling a petty scam and hit him in the stomach with a bat. When medical assistance finally comes, Lilly confronts the doctor, threatening to have him killed if her son dies.

At the hospital, Lilly meets and takes an instant dislike to Roy's girlfriend, Myra Langtry, who is a few years older than her son. Lilly urges her son to quit the grift, saying he literally does not have the stomach for it. Because she leaves late for La Jolla, she misses a race where the winner was paying 70 to 1. For this mistake, Bobo burns her hand with a cigar.

Myra, like Roy and Lilly, plays all the angles. When her landlord demands payment of late rent, she uses her sex appeal to lure him into bed and forget the rent. She makes a similar offer to a jeweler to get what she wants for a gem she is trying to pawn.

Upon leaving the hospital, Roy takes Myra to La Jolla for the weekend. On the train, she notices his conning a group of sailors in a rigged dice game. Myra reveals to Roy that she is also a grifter and is looking for a new partner for a long con. She describes her association with a con man named Cole and how they took advantage of wealthy marks in business cons, including a greedy oil investor, Gloucester Hebbing. A flashback scene in a plush office building culminates in a fake FBI raid with a fake shooting of Myra to discourage Hebbing from going to the police.

Roy, who insists on working only short-term cons, resists the proposition, fearing she may try to dupe him. Myra, seeing Lilly's power over Roy, accuses him of having an incestuous interest in Lilly. Infuriated, Roy strikes her. Myra then plans her revenge. She lets it be known that Lilly has been stealing from Bobo over the years and stashing money in the trunk of her car. Lilly is warned by a friend and flees. Myra follows with the intention of killing her.

Roy is called by the Phoenix police to come and identify his mother's body, found in a motel room with the face disfigured by a gunshot wound. While identifying it as Lilly's, he silently notes that there is no cigar burn on the corpse's hand. Coming home, he finds Lilly trying to steal all of his money. Lilly reveals that she shot Myra in self-defense at the motel and arranged the scene to appear as though Myra's body was actually Lilly's. Roy refuses to let Lilly depart with his money. Lilly pleads with him, then attempts to seduce him, even going so far as to tempt Roy by claiming he is not really her son. Roy rejects her, disgusted. Angered, Lilly swings a briefcase at him, unintentionally breaking a glass, sending glass shards into his neck, slashing an artery.

Lilly sobs while she packs the money as her son bleeds to death on the floor. She takes the elevator to the parking garage, gets into Roy's car, and drives into the night.

Cast

Production

The project originated with Martin Scorsese who subsequently brought in Stephen Frears to direct while he produced.^[2] Frears had just finished making Dangerous Liaisons and was looking for another project when Scorsese approached him.^[3] The British filmmaker was drawn to Thompson's "tough and very stylistic" writing and described it, "as if pulp fiction meets Greek tragedy".^[3] Scorsese looked for a screenwriter, and filmmaker Volker Schlöndorff recommended Donald Westlake.

Frears contacted Westlake who agreed to reread the Thompson novel but, after doing so, turned the project down, citing the story as "too gloomy." Frears then phoned Westlake and convinced him that he saw the story as a positive one if considered as a story of Lilly's drive to survive. Westlake changed his mind and agreed to write the adaptation.^[2] Frears was unsuccessful, however, at convincing Westlake to write the script under his pseudonym "Richard Stark," a name he had used to write 20 noir-influenced crime novels from 1962 through 1974. (Stark's name appears in the film, though, on a sign reading "Stark, Coe and Fellows"; Westlake explains in the film's commentary track that he has written novels as Richard Stark, Tucker Coe and "some other fellows.")

Meanwhile, John Cusack had read Jim Thompson's novel in 1985 and was so impressed by it that he wanted to turn the book into a film himself.^[4] When Cusack found out that Scorsese and Frears were planning an adaptation, he actively pursued a role in the project. Cusack has said that he saw the character of Roy Dillon as "a wonderfully twisted role to dive into."^[4] To research his role, he studied with real grifters and learned card and dice tricks as well as sleight-of-hand tricks like the $20 switch that his character does in the film. He even successfully pulled off this trick at a bar on a bartender he knew well.^[5]

For the role of Lilly, Frears originally considered Cher but she became too expensive after the success of Moonstruck.^[6] Sissy Spacek also read the part of Lilly Dillon.

Frears first contacted Anjelica Huston about playing Lilly in 1989 while she was filming Crimes and Misdemeanors, but after reading the script, she was unsure.^[7] A few months later, Frears contacted Huston again to see if she was still interested.^[7] He was reluctant to cast her because she looked like "a lady" and decided to cheapen her look with a bleached blond wig and "vulgar clothes."^[3] Huston read the script again and felt more passionate about the part and was cast in the role. To research her part, she studied women dealers at card parlors in Los Angeles County, California.^[7]

The shoot was emotionally challenging for Huston. After completing the final scene between Lilly and Roy, she was so drained from the experience that she ran from the set and the studio. It took her hours to recover.^[7] After shooting the scene where Bobo Justus tortures Lilly for betraying him, Huston was so affected by the rough quality of the scene (which did not make the final cut of the film) that she spent that night throwing up.^[7]

Reception

The film received positive reviews from critics, as it holds a 90% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 39 reviews.

Box office

Accolades

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/77004/Grifters-The/|title=The Grifters|work=Turner Classic Movies|accessdate=March 28, 2016}}
2. ^¹{{cite news | last = Bygrave | first = Mike | coauthors = | title = A Shot at Point Blank | work = | pages = | language = | publisher = The Guardian | date = July 16, 1990 | url = | accessdate = }}
3. ^¹²³{{cite news | last = Kelly | first = Deirdre | coauthors = | title = An English Director on Challenge of Making his First Yankee Flick | pages = | language = | work=The Globe and Mail | date = September 15, 1990 | url = | accessdate = }}
4. ^¹{{cite news | last = Van Gelder | first = Lawrence | coauthors = | title = At the Movies | work = | pages = | language = | publisher = New York Times | date = August 31, 1990 | url = | accessdate = }}
5. ^{{cite news | last = Goodman | first = Joan | coauthors = | title = Getting the Drift of the Grift | work = | pages = | language = | publisher = The Guardian | date = January 31, 1991 | url = | accessdate = }}
6. ^{{cite news | last = Johnston | first = Sheila | coauthors = | title = The Innocent Abroad | work = | pages = | language = | publisher = The Independent | date = January 31, 1991 | url = | accessdate = }}
7. ^¹²³⁴{{cite news | last = Sharkey | first = Betsy | coauthors = | title = Anjelica Huston Seeks the Soul of a Con Artist | work = | pages = | language = | publisher = New York Times | date = December 2, 1990 | url =https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/02/movies/anjelica-huston-seeks-the-soul-of-a-con-artist.html | accessdate = }}
8. ^{{cite news | last = Harris | first = Christopher | coauthors = | title = Frears to Attend Premiere | pages = | language = | work=The Globe and Mail | date = August 29, 1990 | url = | accessdate = }}
9. ^{{cite news | last = Green | first = Tom | coauthors = | title = Haute Huston | work = | pages = | language = | publisher = USA Today | date = December 11, 1990 | url = | accessdate = }}
10. ^{{cite news|title= 'Home Alone' Fends Off Yet Another 'Intruder' : Box Office: Vietnam War film opens to mediocre business as comedy remains on top for 10th week. After four weeks of release, 'Godfather Part III' drops to 12th.|publisher= Los Angeles Times|date=|url= http://articles.latimes.com/1991-01-22/entertainment/ca-912_1_10th-week|accessdate=2012-06-03}}

External links