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词条 Solar dryer
释义

  1. Direct

  2. Indirect

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}Solar dryers are devices that use solar energy to dry substances, especially food. There are two general types of solar dryers: Direct and indirect.[1]

Direct

Direct solar dryers expose the substance to be dehydrated to direct sunlight. Historically, food and clothing was dried in the sun by using lines, or laying the items on rocks or on top of tents.[2] In Mongolia cheese and meat are still traditionally dried using the top of the ger (tent) as a solar dryer.[3] In these systems the solar drying is assisted by the movement of the air (wind) that removes the more saturated air away from the items being dried.[2] More recently, complex drying racks[4] and solar tents[5] were constructed as solar dryers.

One modern type of solar dryer has a black absorbing surface which collects the light and converts it to heat; the substance to be dried is placed directly on this surface. These driers may have enclosures, glass covers and/or vents to in order to increase efficiency.[6]

Indirect

In indirect solar dryers, the black surface heats incoming air, rather than directly heating the substance to be dried. This heated air is then passed over the substance to be dried and exits upwards often through a chimney, taking moisture released from the substance with it.[2] They can be very simple, just a tilted cold frame with black cloth[7] to an insulated brick building with active ventilation and a back-up heating system.[8] One of the advantages of the indirect system is that it is easier to protect the food, or other substance, from contamination whether wind-blown or by birds, insects, or animals.[2][8] Also, direct sun can chemically alter some foods making them less appetizing.[2][8]

See also

  • Solar cooker

References

1. ^{{cite book|last=Norton|first=Brian|title=Harnessing Solar Heat|date=2013|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-94-007-7275-5}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book|author1=Heinz, Gunter |author2=Hautzinger, Peter |lastauthoramp=yes |year=2007 |chapter=Meat drying |title=Meat processing technology for small- to medium-scale producers |series=RAP Publication 2007/20 |location=Bangkok, Thailand |publisher=Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |isbn=978-974-7946-99-4 |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/010/ai407e/ai407e18.htm |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523163235/http://www.fao.org/docrep/010/ai407e/AI407E18.htm |archivedate=23 May 2010 |deadurl=no}}
3. ^{{Cite web|author=Oyunbayar, N. |title=Mongolian Food: Meat, milk and Mongolia |publisher=Mongoluls.Net |url=http://www.mongoluls.net/ger/meatmilk.shtml |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050405194906/http://mongoluls.net/ger/meatmilk.shtml |archivedate=5 April 2005 |deadurl=no}}
4. ^{{Cite magazine |year=1999 |author=Shaffer, Marcella |title=Solar Food Drying |magazine=Backwoods Home Magazine |issue=58 |url=http://www.backwoodshome.com/articles/shaffer58.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20000816011755/http://www.backwoodshome.com/articles/shaffer58.html |archivedate=16 August 2000 |deadurl=no}}
5. ^{{Cite book|author1=Trim, D. S. |author2=Curran, C. A. |lastauthoramp=yes |year=1983 |chapter=Solar dryers |title=Comparative Study of Solar and Sun Drying of Fish in Ecuator |location=London |publisher=Tropical Products Institute |isbn=978-0-85954-158-9 |url=http://www.nzdl.org/gsdlmod?e=d-00000-00---off-0cdl--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.95&d=HASH014cec3765e4a2d742eeb5a8.6.2>=1 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150902223513/http://www.nzdl.org/gsdlmod?e=d-00000-00---off-0cdl--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-0-1-00-0--4----0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL1.95&d=HASH014cec3765e4a2d742eeb5a8.6.2>=1 |archivedate=2 September 2015 |deadurl=no }}
6. ^{{Cite magazine|author=Fodor, Eben |year=2006 |title=Build a Solar Food Dehydrator |magazine=Mother Earth News |volume=2006 |issue=August/September |pages=66–70 |url=http://www.solarfooddryer.com/Info/Mother_Earth_News_Article.pdf |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6bFmZNTEM |archivedate=2 September 2015 |deadurl=no}}
7. ^{{Cite journal|author=Robishaw, Sue |year=1999 |title=Drying Food with the Sun |journal=Countryside & Small Stock Journal |volume=1999 |issue=July/August |url=http://www.countrysidemag.com/83-4-sue-robishaw/ |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6bFmmNx9d |archivedate=2 September 2015 |deadurl=no}}
8. ^1 2 {{Cite web|author1=Weiss, Werner |author2=Buchinger, Josef |lastauthoramp=yes |year=2001 |title=Solar Drying |publisher=Austrian Development Cooperation and Institute for Sustainable Technologies (AEE INTEC) |url=http://www.aee-intec.at/0uploads/dateien553.pdf |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526151427/http://www.aee-intec.at/0uploads/dateien553.pdf |archivedate=26 May 2012 |deadurl=no}}

External links

  • {{Cite web|year=2014 |title=Links to articles, photos, and other sites related to solar food drying |publisher=SunWorks Technologies LLC |url=http://www.solarfooddryer.com/Info/Resources_links.htm |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6bFocNV7k |archivedate=2 September 2015 |deadurl=no}}
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2 : Dryers|Solar energy
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