“Southern Congolian forest-savanna mosaic”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The southern congolian forest-savanna mosaic covers a large area of the southern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Many African elephants are found in this forest including a number of different species. Its rich blend of habitats provides key insights into the biogeography of central Africa with the extensive climatic variation that it has been experiencing for the last 10 million years. The human population is not high. There is only one secured area in this ecoregion. The political situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is unstable; until the country is stable, no important conservation work is possible.^[1]

Central Africa is familiar with repeated climatic variation that have caused rain forest and savanna expansion and deflation in consideration of the late Pleistocene tectonics defined the Congo Basin.^[2] Important climatic shifts have occurred more than 20 times in less than 10 million years.^[3] Plants and animals adapt, change, and go extinct with any climatic oscillation. Widespread and immensely resilient organisms that lived through in islands of habitat and accustomed to spatial fluidity were favored.^[3] During dry periods, savanna communities breached far into the Congo Basin. The relatively moist riparian forests become detached from one another and compose forest island localities in the savanna matrix.^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

References

1. ^{{cite web | url=http://worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0718 | title=Central Africa: Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola | publisher=World Wildlife Fund | accessdate=2013-12-23 | author=Kelman, Illisa}}
2. ^{{cite book|last=Faniran|first=A.|title=Humid Tropical Geomorphology: A Study of the Geomorphological Processes and Landforms in Warm Humid Climates|date=July 1984|publisher=Longman Group United Kingdom|isbn=978-0582643468|author2=L.K. Jeje }}
3. ^¹²{{cite book|last=Kingdon|first=Jonathan|title=Island Africa: The Evolution of Africa's Rare Animals and Plants|date=May 1990|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton, NJ|isbn=978-0691085609}}
4. ^{{cite book|last=White|first=Frank|title=The vegetation of Africa: a descriptive memoir to accompany the Unesco/AETFAT/UNSO vegetation map of Africa|year=1983|publisher=UNESCO|isbn=9789231019555|url=http://www.creaf.uab.cat/MIRAMON/mmr/examples/miombo/docs/database/white/index.htm}}
5. ^{{cite journal|last=Smith|first=Thomas B.|author2=Robert K. Wayne |author3=Derek J. Girman |author4=Michael W. Bruford |title=A Role for Ecotones in Generating Rainforest Biodiversity|journal=Science|date=20 June 1997|volume=276|issue=5320|pages=1855–1857|doi=10.1126/science.276.5320.1855|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/content/276/5320/1855|accessdate=1 March 2014}}
6. ^{{cite web|title=Savannas of the Green Heart of Africa|url=http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/congo_basin_forests/the_area/ecosystems_congo/savannas_congo_basin/|work=World Wildlife Fund|accessdate=1 March 2014}}