| 词条 | Soyuz TMA-16M | |||||
| 释义 |
| name = Soyuz TMA-16M | image = ISS-43 Soyuz TMA 16M approaches the ISS (a).jpg | image_caption = Soyuz TMA-16M approaches the ISS, 28 March 2015. | insignia = Soyuz-TMA-16M-Mission-Patch.png | mission_type = | operator = Roskosmos | COSPAR_ID = 2015-016A | SATCAT = 40542 | mission_duration = | distance_travelled = | orbits_completed = | spacecraft = | spacecraft_type = Soyuz-TMA 11F732A47 No.716 | manufacturer = RKK Energia | launch_mass = | landing_mass = | launch_date = 27 March 2015 19:42:57 UTC[1] | launch_rocket = Soyuz-FG | launch_site = Baikonur 1/5 | landing_date = 12 September 2015 00:51 UTC | landing_site = Kazakhstan | crew_size = 3 | crew_members = Gennady Padalka | crew_launching = Mikhail Korniyenko Scott Kelly | crew_landing = Andreas Mogensen Aydyn Aimbetov | crew_callsign = Altair[2] | crew_photo = Expedition 43 Preflight (201503150011HQ).jpg | crew_photo_caption = (l-r) Kelly, Padalka and Kornienko | orbit_epoch = | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_periapsis = | orbit_apoapsis = | orbit_inclination = | orbit_period = | apsis = gee | docking = | docking_target = ISS | docking_type = dock | docking_port = Poisk zenith, later Zvezda aft | docking_date = 28 March 2015 01:33 UTC | undocking_date = 11 September 2015 21:29 UTC | time_docked = 167 days, 19 hours, 56 minutes | previous_mission = Soyuz TMA-15M | next_mission = Soyuz TMA-17M | programme = Soyuz programme (Manned missions) }} Soyuz TMA-16M was a 2015 flight to the International Space Station.[3] It transported three members of the Expedition 43 crew to the Station. TMA-16M was the 125th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft, the first having launched in 1967. Scott Kelly and Mikhail Korniyenko performed the first one-year stay at the Space Station,[3] returning in Soyuz TMA-18M. Crew{{Spaceflight crew|terminology = Crew Member |references = [4] |position1 = Commander |crew1_up = {{Flagicon|RUS}} Gennady Padalka |agency1_up = RSA |flights1_up = Fifth and last |expedition1_up = Expedition 43 |position2 = Flight Engineer 1 |crew2_up = {{Flagicon|RUS}} Mikhail Korniyenko |agency2_up = RSA |flights2_up = Second and last |expedition2_up = Expedition 43 |crew2_down = {{Flagicon|DEN}} Andreas Mogensen |agency2_down = ESA |flights2_down = First |expedition2_down = Iriss[5] |position3 = Flight Engineer 2 |crew3_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} Scott Kelly |agency3_up = NASA |flights3_up = Fourth and last |expedition3_up = Expedition 43 |crew3_down = {{Flagicon|KAZ}} Aidyn Aimbetov[6] |agency3_down = KazCosmos |flights3_down = First |expedition3_down = N/A }} Backup crew{{Spaceflight crew|terminology = Crew Member |references = [7] |position1 = Commander |crew1_up = {{Flagicon|RUS}} Aleksey Ovchinin |agency1_up = RSA |position2 = Flight Engineer 1 |crew2_up = {{Flagicon|RUS}} Sergey Volkov |agency2_up = RSA |position3 = Flight Engineer 2 |crew3_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} Jeffrey Williams |agency3_up = NASA }} Mission highlightsLaunch, rendezvous and dockingSoyuz TMA-16M was launched successfully aboard a Soyuz-FG rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 19:42 UTC on Friday, 27 March 2015. The spacecraft reached low Earth orbit approximately nine minutes after lift-off. After executing rendezvous maneuvers, the Soyuz docked with the zenith port of the International Space Station's Poisk module approximately six hours after launch, at 01:33 UTC on 28 March. The docking occurred over Colombia.[8][9] Soyuz TMA-16M remained docked to the ISS—serving as an emergency escape vehicle–until September 12, 2015, when it departed and returned Padalka, Andreas Mogensen and Aydyn Aimbetov to Earth.[6] This vehicle was previously scheduled to carry Sarah Brightman as a space tourist, but Brightman's flight was announced to be cancelled in May 2015.[10] Relocation maneuverSoyuz TMA-16M spacecraft was relocated from Poisk module to the orbiting laboratory’s Zvezda module service module on 28 August 2015.[11] This cleared the Poisk module for the arrival of Soyuz TMA-18M. Undocking and return to EarthSoyuz TMA-16M undocked from the ISS at 21:29 UTC on 11 September 2015, containing Gennady Padalka of Roscosmos and visiting crew members Andreas Mogensen of ESA (European Space Agency) and Aidyn Aimbetov of the Kazakh Space Agency. Following a deorbit burn, the Soyuz spacecraft's descent module reentered the Earth's atmosphere. The crew landed safely in Kazakhstan at 00:51 UTC on 12 September 2015, just over three hours after departing the ISS.[12] GalleryReferences{{Commons category|Soyuz TMA-16M}}1. ^{{cite web|last1=Clark|first1=Stephen|title=Live coverage: Crew ready to begin record-setting space mission|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/03/27/exp43-mission-status-center/|website=SpaceflightNow|accessdate=27 March 2015}} {{Portal|Spaceflight}}{{Soyuz}}{{Manned ISS flight}}{{Orbital launches in 2015}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Soyuz TMA-M16}}2. ^Soyuz TMA-16M mission updates {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115829/http://www.spaceflight101.com/soyuz-tma-16m-mission-updates.html |date=2015-09-24 }} Spaceflight101, 28 march 2015 3. ^1 NASA, Roscosmos Assign Veteran Crew to Yearlong Space Station Mission NASA, 2012-11-26. 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.astronaut.ru/register/or_flight.htm|script-title=ru:Планируемые полёты|accessdate=2012-06-30|publisher=astronaut.ru|language=ru}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/Andreas_Mogensen_s_mission_name_links_cosmos_and_Earth|title=Andreas Mogensen’s mission name links cosmos and Earth|accessdate=22 June 2015|author=Agencia Espacial Europea}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://tass.ru/en/non-political/802901|title=Kazakhstani cosmonaut to fly to ISS in September in place of British singer Brightman|author=TASS|date=22 June 2015}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.astronaut.ru/register/or_flight.htm|title=Орбитальные полёты|author=astronaut.ru|year=2013}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Soyuz TMA-16M kicks off historic one year expedition|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/03/soyuz-tma-16m-historic-one-year-expedition/|website=NASASpaceflight.com|accessdate=27 March 2015}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=One Year Crew Arrives at Station|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2015/03/27/one-year-crew-arrives-at-station/|publisher=NASA|accessdate=28 March 2015}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=Brightman steps down from station flight|url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/2015/05/13/brightman-steps-down-from-station-flight/|website=Spaceflightnow.com|accessdate=28 May 2015}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Soyuz Relocation|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2015/08/28/completed-soyuz-relocation-sets-stage-for-new-crew|publisher=NASA|accessdate=29 Aug 2015}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=Soyuz Return to Earth|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2015/09/11/three-soyuz-crew-members-wrap-up-mission-on-space-station|publisher=NASA|accessdate=11 Sep 2015}} 5 : Crewed Soyuz missions|Spacecraft launched in 2015|2015 in Russia|Spacecraft which reentered in 2015|Spacecraft launched by Soyuz-FG rockets |
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