| 词条 | SpaceX CRS-5 |
| 释义 |
| name = SpaceX CRS-5 | image = CRS-5 Dragon on approach to ISS (ISS042-E-119867).jpg | image_caption = CRS-5 Dragon on approach to the ISS | insignia = SpaceX CRS-5 Patch.png | insignia_caption = NASA SpX-5 mission patch | mission_type = ISS resupply | operator = NASA | COSPAR_ID = 2015-001A | SATCAT = 40370 | mission_duration = Planned: 1 month Final: {{time interval|10 January 2015 09:47:10|11 February 2015 00:44|show=dhm|sep=,}} | spacecraft_type = Dragon | manufacturer = SpaceX | dry_mass = | launch_mass = | launch_date = {{start-date|10 January 2015, 09:47:10}} UTC | launch_rocket = Falcon 9 v1.1 | launch_site = Cape Canaveral SLC-40 | launch_contractor = SpaceX | disposal_type = Recovered | landing_date = {{end-date|11 February 2015, 00:44 UTC|timezone=yes}}[1] | landing_site = | orbit_epoch = 12 January 2015, 09:01:38 UTC[2] | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = Low Earth | orbit_periapsis = {{convert|410|km|mi|abbr=on}}[2] | orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|418|km|mi|abbr=on}}[2] | orbit_inclination = 51.65 degrees[2] | orbit_period = 92.71 minutes[2] | apsis = gee | docking = | docking_target = ISS | docking_type = berth | docking_port = Harmony nadir | capture_date = 12 January 2015, 10:54 UTC[3] | docking_date = 12 January 2015, 13:54 UTC[4] | undocking_date = 10 February 2015, 17:11 UTC | release_date = 10 February 2015, 19:10 UTC | time_docked = {{time interval|12 January 2015 13:54|10 February 2015 17:11|show=dhm|sep=,}} | cargo_mass = {{convert|2317|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}[9] | cargo_mass_press = {{convert|1823|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} | cargo_mass_unpress = {{convert|494|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} | cargo_mass_fuel = | cargo_mass_gas = | cargo_mass_water = | programme = Commercial Resupply Services | previous_mission = SpaceX CRS-4 | next_mission = SpaceX CRS-6 }} SpaceX CRS-5, also known as SpX-5, was a Commercial Resupply Service mission to the International Space Station, conducted by SpaceX for NASA, and was launched on 10 January 2015 and ended on 11 February 2015. It was the seventh flight for SpaceX's uncrewed Dragon cargo spacecraft and the fifth SpaceX operational mission contracted to NASA under an ISS resupply services contract. Launch historyBy July 2014, the launch was scheduled by NASA for "no earlier than" December 2014, with docking to the station projected to occur two days after launch.[5] Originally scheduled for a 16 December 2014, launch, the mission was changed to 19 December 2014, in order to give SpaceX more preparation time for a successful launch. The launch was postponed again to NET 6 January 2015, in order to allow more tests before committing to a firm launch date.[6][7] On 6 January 2015, the launch attempt was placed on hold at 1 minute 21 seconds prior to scheduled lift-off after a member of the launch team noticed actuator drift on one of two thrust vector control systems of the Falcon 9 second stage engine.[8] As this launch had an instantaneous launch window, meaning no delays are possible in the launch sequence, the flight was postponed to 9 January 2015.[8] On 7 January, the flight was rescheduled for 10 January 2015.[9] The Falcon 9 rocket carrying the CRS-5 Dragon spacecraft successfully launched on 10 January 2015 at 9:47 UTC.[10] Dragon reached the station on 12 January. It was grappled by the Space Station Remote Manipulator System at 10:54 UTC and berthed to the Harmony module at 13:56 UTC.[11] Primary payload{{expand section|date=November 2014}}The Dragon spacecraft for CRS-5 carried {{convert|2317|kg|lb|0}} of cargo to the ISS. Included in this was {{convert|490|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} of provisions and equipment for the crew, {{convert|717|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} of station hardware, {{convert|577|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} of science equipment and experiments, and the {{convert|494|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} Cloud Aerosol Transport System (CATS).[10] CATS is a LIDAR remote sensing instrument designed to measure the location, composition and distribution of pollution, dust, smoke, aerosols and other particulates in the atmosphere. CATS is to be installed on the Kibo external facility and is expected to run for at least six months, and up to three years.[12][13][14] Upon completion of its stay, Dragon was loaded with {{convert|1332|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} of outgoing cargo, returning it back to Earth.[15] Post-launch flight test{{main|SpaceX reusable launch system development program}}In an unprecedented[23] test flight, SpaceX attempted to return the nearly-empty first stage of the Falcon 9 through the atmosphere and land it on a {{convert|90|x|50|m|adj=on|sp=us}} floating platform called the autonomous spaceport drone ship.[7] In October 2014, SpaceX had revealed that the ship was being built for SpaceX in Louisiana,[16] and by mid-December, the ship was docked in Jacksonville, Florida, ready to go to sea to support the test flight landing attempt.[17] Results of first landing attemptSpaceX attempted a landing on the drone ship on 10 January. Many of the test objectives were achieved, including precision control of the rocket's descent to land on the platform at a specific point in the south Atlantic Ocean and a large amount of test data was obtained from the first use of grid fin control surfaces used for more precise reentry positioning. However, the rocket was destroyed due to a hard landing.[18] Musk said that one of the possible problems was the grid fins running out of hydraulic fluid.[19] The SpaceX webcast indicated that the boostback burn and re-entry burns for the descending first stage occurred, and that the descending rocket then went "below the horizon," as expected, which eliminated the live telemetry signal. Shortly thereafter, SpaceX released information that the rocket did get to the drone spaceport ship as planned, but "landed hard ... Ship itself is fine. Some of the support equipment on the deck will need to be replaced."[18][20][21][22][23] SpaceX made a video of the landing attempt available on Vine.[24] See also{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/02/crs-5-dragon-homecoming-huge-spacex-tuesday/ |title=SpaceX CRS-5 Dragon returns home via Pacific splashdown |work=NASA Spaceflight |first=Chris |last=Bergin |date=9 February 2015 |accessdate=28 March 2015}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=40370|title=DRAGON CRS-5 Satellite details 2015-001A NORAD 40370|publisher=N2YO|date=12 January 2015|accessdate=25 January 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2015/01/12/dragon-arrives-successfully-captured-at-station/ |title=Dragon Arrives, Successfully Captured at Station |publisher=NASA |first=Mark |last=Garcia |date=12 January 2015 |accessdate=12 January 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacestation/2015/01/12/dragon-attached-to-harmony-module/ |title=Dragon Attached to Harmony Module |publisher=NASA |first=Mark |last=Garcia |date=12 January 2015 |accessdate=12 January 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.spaceflightnow.com/tracking/ |title=Spaceflight Now – Tracking Station – Worldwide launch schedule |publisher=Spaceflightnow.com |accessdate=2014-10-20}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/december/nasa-spacex-update-launch-of-resupply-mission-to-the-space-station/ |title=NASA, SpaceX Update Launch of Resupply Mission to the Space Station |publisher=NASA |date=11 December 2014 |accessdate=2014-12-12}} 7. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Bergin |first1=Chris |title=SpaceX confirms CRS-5 launch slip to January 6 |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2014/12/spacex-static-fire-falcon-9-crs-5/ |accessdate=2014-12-18 |work=NASASpaceFlight.com |date=17 December 2014}} 8. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/01/06/spacex-launch-scrubbed-by-steering-system-problem/ |title=SpaceX launch scrubbed by steering system problem |work=Spaceflight Now |first=William |last=Harwood |date=6 January 2015 |accessdate=2015-01-08}} 9. ^{{cite news |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/spacex/2015/01/07/next-spacex-launch-attempt-saturday-jan-10/ |title=Next SpaceX Launch Attempt Saturday, Jan. 10 |publisher=NASA |date=7 January 2015 |accessdate=2015-01-08}} 10. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/01/spacex-dragon-crs-5-launch-historic-core-return/ |title=CRS-5 Dragon successfully launched – Core ASDS landing attempted |work=NASA Spaceflight |first=William |last=Graham |date=10 January 2015 |accessdate=2015-01-15}} 11. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/01/iss-crs-5-welcome-spacex-dragon/ |title=ISS berths SpaceX's Dragon following speedy arrival |work=NASA Spaceflight |first=Chris |last=Bergin |date=12 January 2015 |accessdate=2015-01-15}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://cats.gsfc.nasa.gov/ |title=Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS) |publisher=Cats.gsfc.nasa.gov |accessdate=2014-10-20}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/1037.html |title=NASA – Cloud-Aerosol Transport System |publisher=Nasa.gov |accessdate=2014-10-20}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2558504/ISS-laser-cannon-like-Death-Star-Star-Wars.html |title=ISS to get Cloud Aerosol Transport System, a laser cannon – Daily Mail Online |work=Mail Online |accessdate=2014-10-20}} 15. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/SpaceX_CRS-5_factsheet.pdf |title=SpaceX CRS-5 factsheet |publisher=NASA |accessdate=2018-10-25}} 16. ^{{cite news |last1=Foust |first1=Jeff |title=Next Falcon 9 Launch Could See First-stage Platform Landing |url=http://www.spacenews.com/article/launch-report/42305next-falcon-9-launch-could-see-first-stage-platform-landing |accessdate=2014-10-25 |work=Space News |date=25 October 2014}} 17. ^{{cite news |last1=Clark |first1=Stephen |title=Photos: SpaceX’s autonomous spaceport drone ship |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2014/12/16/photos-spacexs-autonomous-spaceport-drone-ship/ |accessdate=2014-12-16 |work=Spaceflight Now |date=16 December 2014}} 18. ^1 2 {{cite news |last1=Clark|first1=Stephen |title=Dragon successfully launched, rocket recovery demo crash lands|url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/01/10/dragon-successfully-launched-rocket-recovery-demo-crash-lands/ |accessdate=10 January 2015 |work=Spaceflight Now |date=10 January 2015 }} 19. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.space.com/28236-spacex-rocket-landing-hydraulic-fluid.html |title=SpaceX's Elon Musk Says Rocket Landing Test Ran Out of Hydraulic Fluid |work=Space.com |first=Miriam |last=Kramer |date=12 January 2015 |accessdate=20 January 2015}} 20. ^{{cite web |last1=Musk|first1=Elon |title=Post-launch Twitter news releases |url=https://twitter.com/elonmusk |publisher=SpaceX|accessdate=2015-01-10 |quote=Rocket made it to drone spaceport ship, but landed hard. Close, but no cigar this time. Bodes well for the future tho.", "Ship itself is fine. Some of the support equipment on the deck will need to be replaced.", "Didn't get good landing/impact video. Pitch dark and foggy. Will piece it together from telemetry and ... actual pieces.}} 21. ^{{cite tweet|user=elonmusk|author=Elon Musk|number=553855109114101760|date=10 January 2015|title=Rocket made it to drone spaceport ship, but landed hard. Close, but no cigar this time. Bodes well for the future tho.}} 22. ^{{cite tweet|user=elonmusk|author=Elon Musk|number=553856479590359040|date=10 January 2015|title=Ship itself is fine. Some of the support equipment on the deck will need to be replaced...}} 23. ^{{cite tweet|user=elonmusk|author=Elon Musk|number=553857574005915648|date=10 January 2015|title=Didn't get good landing/impact video. Pitch dark and foggy. Will piece it together from telemetry and ... actual pieces.}} 24. ^{{cite web |url=https://vine.co/v/OjqeYWWpVWK |title=Close, but no cigar. This time. |work=SpaceX |publisher=Vine |date=16 January 2015 |accessdate=17 January 2015}} External links{{Commons category|SpaceX CRS-5}}{{Wikinews|SpaceX launches fifth resupply rocket to International Space Station}}
5 : Dragon (spacecraft)|Spacecraft launched in 2015|Spacecraft which reentered in 2015|SpaceX payloads contracted by NASA|Supply vehicles for the International Space Station |
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