| 词条 | Spread Networks |
| 释义 |
HistoryThe first cable line, running {{convert|827|mi}} from Chicago (home to the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, where futures and options are traded) to Carteret, New Jersey (home to the Nasdaq data center), laid at a cost of $300 million USD, was unveiled in June 2010.[3][5][6] According to a Forbes article, the idea for the line first came to Dan Spivey in 2007: Spivey contracted with a New York hedge fund to devise a low-latency arbitrage strategy, wherein the fund would search out tiny discrepancies between futures contracts in Chicago and their underlying equities in New York.[5] Although he successfully created the strategy, he was not able to execute it because he was not able to get access to the market's lowest-latency line.[5] He spent some time researching the feasibility of building an ultra-low-latency line, and then looked for people willing to fund it and found Jim Barksdale.[5] Construction was in full swing (but in extreme secrecy, to avoid getting scooped by competitors) by early 2009.[3][5] In October 2012, Spread Networks announced latency improvements, bringing the estimated roundtrip time from 13.1 milliseconds to 12.98 milliseconds.[7] In January 2014, Spread Networks announced that it had opened a point of presence at the NYSE Euronext trading center located in Mahwah, New Jersey.[8] TechnologySpread Networks uses fiber optic cables along a route as close to straight as possible to connect the Chicago area with the New York area, specifically connecting Chicago (home to the Chicago Mercantile Exchange) to Carteret, New Jersey (home to the Nasdaq data center).[2][4][5] According to their website, the network is monitored continuously and all parts of the network are driven daily to guarantee reliability and proactively fix problems. They also offer colocation facilities for servers at Chicago, Carteret (New Jersey), and Cleveland (Ohio), all along the line. Their estimated roundtrip time along the dark fiber line (from Chicago to Carteret) is 13 milliseconds.[4][7][9] Their wave service lines promise roundtrip times of about 14.1-14.2 milliseconds,[10] down from about 14.6 milliseconds in 2011.[11] According to a WIRED article, the estimated roundtrip time for an ordinary cable is 14.5 milliseconds, giving users of Spread Networks a slight advantage. However, because glass has a higher refractive index than air (about 1.5 compared to about 1), the roundtrip time for fiber optic cable transmission is 50% more than that for transmission through the air. Some companies, such as McKay Brothers and Tradeworx, are using air-based transmission to offer lower estimated roundtrip times (9 milliseconds and 8.5 milliseconds respectively) that are very close to the theoretical minimum possible (about 7.5-8 milliseconds).[4] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://spreadnetworks.com/|title = Spread Networks|publisher = Spread Networks|accessdate = January 26, 2014}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://spreadnetworks.com/network-map|title = Network Map: The Shortest and Straightest Routes Available|publisher = Spread Networks|accessdate = January 26, 2014}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702303863404577285260615058538|title = Optical Delusion? Fiber Booms Again, Despite Bust|last = Troianovski|first = Anton|date = April 3, 2012|accessdate = January 26, 2014|publisher = Wall Street Journal}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.wired.com/business/2012/08/ff_wallstreet_trading/2/|title = Raging Bulls: How Wall Street Got Addicted to Light-Speed Trading|last = Adler|first = Jerry|date = August 3, 2012|accessdate = January 26, 2014|publisher = Wired Magazine}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/0927/outfront-netscape-jim-barksdale-daniel-spivey-wall-street-speed-war.html|title = Wall Street's Speed War|date = September 9, 2010|accessdate = January 26, 2014|last = Steiner|first = Christopher|publisher = Forbes}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fiercetelecom.com/story/spread-networks-tightens-latency-along-chicago-new-york-route/2010-06-23|title = Spread Networks tightens up latency along Chicago to New York route|last = Buckley|first = Sean|date = June 23, 2010|accessdate = January 26, 2014|publisher = Fierce Telecom}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.lightwaveonline.com/articles/2012/10/spread-networks-improves-latency-on-chicago-new-york-route.html|title = Spread Networks improves latency on Chicago-New York route|date = October 8, 2012|accessdate = January 26, 2014|publisher = LIGHTWAVE}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/spread-networks-opens-point-of-presence-at-nyse-euronext-mahwah-239606801.html|title = Spread Networks Opens Point of Presence at NYSE Euronext Mahwah: Fastest fiber optic network connection between New Jersey and Chicago now available at Mahwah|date = January 10, 2014|accessdate = January 26, 2014|publisher = PRNewsWire}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://spreadnetworks.com/products/ultra-low-latency-services/carteret-to-chicago-dark-fiber-%E2%80%93-1300-milliseconds-roundtrip/|title = Carteret to Chicago Dark Fiber – 13.00 milliseconds roundtrip|publisher = Spread Networks|accessdate = January 26, 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://spreadnetworks.com/media/11244/wavelength_latencies_chicago_to_nj_12_2013a.pdf|title = Spread Networks Latencies for Ultra Low Latency Services|publisher = Spread Networks|accessdate = January 26, 2014}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wallstreetandtech.com/it-infrastructure/spread-networks-clocks-latency-under-147/229400415|title = Spread Networks Clocks Latency Under 14.75 Milliseconds|last = Schmercken|first = Ivy|date = March 28, 2011|accessdate = January 26, 2014|publisher = Wall Street and Tech}} External links
2 : Fiber-optic communications|Internet companies of the United States |
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