| 词条 | SS Egypt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
SS Egypt was a P&O ocean liner. She sank after a collision with {{SS|Seine||2}} on 20 May 1922 in the English Channel. 252 people were rescued from the 338 passengers and crew aboard at the time.{{sfn|Marriott|1987|p=141}} A subsequent salvage operation recovered most of the cargo of gold and silver. Early careerCaird & Company built Egypt at Greenock on the River Clyde, launching her in 1897. She generally ran between United Kingdom and India, but also was a hospital ship in the First World War. Final voyageEgypt left Tilbury, Essex, on 19 May 1922 carrying only 44 passengers but a cargo that included gold and silver bullion and gold sovereigns worth over £1 million{{sfn|Marriott|1987|p=136}} (around £200 million at the 2012 gold price). The voyage proceeded normally until the early morning of 20 May when fog was encountered. As a safety measure Captain Collyer greatly reduced the speed of the ship. Egypt remained in fog until the afternoon when the navigator was able to sight landmarks on the French coast and fix the ship's position. After continuing the voyage for several hours a dense fog bank was suddenly encountered at around 7 o'clock. The engines were stopped but almost immediately afterwards a fog whistle was heard. The steamship Seine emerged through the fog and within seconds struck Egypt{{'}}s port side in the English Channel {{convert|28|nmi|km}} off the Armen Lighthouse, Finistère, France.[1] Seine had a strengthened bow for ice-breaking, which penetrated deeply into Egypt′s hull before the ships drifted apart. An SOS distress signal was transmitted and replies were received from the steamers {{SS|Cahiracon||2}} and RMS Andes but Egypt sank in less than 20 minutes before either ship arrived.{{sfn|Marriott|1987|p=138}} Most of the passengers and crew were able to abandon ship in the lifeboats which were picked up by Seine, but 86 of the 352 people on board Egypt lost their lives.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} SalvageBecause Egypt had such valuable cargo, it was not long before salvage attempts began. However, the Egypt′s wreck was not found until 1930. She was found lying upright in a depth of {{convert|170|m|ft}}, making the recovery very difficult with the technology of the time. Giovanni Quaglia from the Genoese company Società Ricuperi Marittimi (So.Ri.Ma.) was in charge of the operation and decided to use a diver in an armoured suit to direct the placing of explosives to blast through the ship to expose the strong room. The diver was then used to direct a grab which picked up the gold and silver. The salvage continued until 1935 by which time 98% of the contents of the strong room had been recovered.{{sfn|Pickford|1998|p=152}} References1. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=P&O liner sunk |day_of_week=Monday |date=22 May 1922 |page_number=10 |issue=43037 |column=A-B }} Sources
External links
10 : 1897 ships|Ships built on the River Clyde|Hospital ships in World War I|Maritime incidents in 1922|Merchant ships of the United Kingdom|Passenger ships of the United Kingdom|Ships of P&O (company)|Ships sunk in collisions|World War I merchant ships of the United Kingdom|Shipwrecks in the English Channel |
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