| 词条 | SS Mantola (1916) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
SS Mantola was a passenger steamer of the British-India Steam Navigation Company. Launched in 1916 by Barclay Curle & Company, Glasgow, she sailed for less than a year before being sunk by a German U-boat while carrying a large quantity of silver bullion. Construction and careerMantola was built by the Glasgow-based shipbuilders Barclay Curle & Company and launched on 22 March 1916.[1] Entering service during the First World War, her short career was eventful. She struck a mine off Aldeburgh on 30 October 1916, while sailing from Middlesbrough and London bound for Calcutta carrying general cargo. There were no casualties and though damaged the ship survived.[2]After repairs the Mantola sailed again from London on 4 February 1917, bound for Calcutta. She carried 165 crew, 18 passengers, and general cargo including around 600,000 ounces of silver valued at £110,000 at 1917 prices.[3] On 8 February 1917, while 143 miles off Fastnet, she was sighted by SM U-81, under the command of Raimund Weisbach.[2] Weisbach torpedoed the Mantola, causing her captain, D.J. Chivas, and the crew to abandon ship. Though there were no casualties in the initial attack, a party of seven Indian seamen drowned when their lifeboat overturned.[1][3] U-81 then began to shell the still floating Mantola, until being chased away by the Acacia-class sloop {{HMS|Laburnum|1915|6}}.[1] Laburnum took the floating hulk under tow, but the line parted in the rough seas, and Mantola was left to sink, which she did on 9 February. Laburnum carried the survivors to shore and landed them at Bantry Bay.[1] RediscoveryThe wreck of the Mantola was discovered in late 2011 by Odyssey Marine Exploration while searching for the wreck of the {{SS|Gairsoppa}}, another vessel that had been sunk while carrying a cargo of silver.[3] The Department for Transport awarded a salvage contract to the company to begin recovery of the cargo in return for Odyssey Marine retaining 80% of the value recovered, the total value of the cargo estimated to be around £12,000,000.[3] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=4289|title=SS Mantola 1916|publisher=clydesite.co.uk|accessdate=2011-10-11}} {{coord|49.9167|N|12.4167|W|source:wikidata|display=title}}{{February 1917 shipwrecks}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mantola}}2. ^1 {{cite Uboat.net|id=3877|name=Passenger steamer Mantola|type=1ship|accessdate=2011-10-11}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-15246156|title=SS Mantola WWI shipwreck reveals silver haul |publisher=BBC News Online|accessdate=2011-10-11}} 8 : 1916 ships|Ships built on the River Clyde|Steamships of the United Kingdom|Ships of the British India Steam Navigation Company|Ships sunk by German submarines in World War I|World War I merchant ships of the United Kingdom|World War I shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean|Maritime incidents in 1917 |
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