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词条 SS Persic
释义

  1. Early career

  2. World War I service

  3. Final years

  4. References

{{Infobox ship image
Ship image = SS Persic FL1151779.jpgShip caption = SS Persic
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header =Ship country = United KingdomUnited Kingdom|civil}}Ship name = SS PersicShip namesake =Ship owner = White Star LineShip operator =Ship registry = LiverpoolShip route =Ship ordered =Ship awarded =Ship builder = Harland & Wolff, BelfastShip original cost =Ship yard number = 325Ship way number =Ship laid down =Ship launched = 7 September 1899Ship sponsor =Ship christened =Ship completed = 16 November 1899Ship acquired =Ship in service = December 1899Ship out of service =September 1926Ship refit =Ship homeport =Ship identification = * Official number: 110620
  • Call sign: BKGS[1]
Ship motto =Ship fate = Sold for scrapping, July 1927Ship status =Ship notes =Ship badge =
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=[1]Ship class= Jubilee-class passenger-cargo shipShip type=11,973}}Ship displacement=550|ft|2|in|m|abbr=on}}63|ft|3|in|abbr=on}}Ship height=Ship draught=Ship depth=Ship hold depth=Ship decks=Ship power=Ship propulsion=2 × 4-cylinder quadruple expansion steam engines, 2 shafts14|kn|lk=in}}Ship range=Ship endurance=Ship boats=Ship capacity=*320 passengers
  • 100,000 refrigerated carcasses
Ship crew=Ship notes=
}}
SS Persic was an ocean liner of the White Star Line, built by Harland and Wolff in 1899.[2] She was one of the five 'Jubilee Class' ships (the others being the {{SS|Afric||2}}, {{SS|Medic|1899|2}}, {{SS|Suevic||2}} and Runic) built specifically to service the Liverpool–Cape Town–Sydney route.[1] The voyage took six weeks.[3][4]Persic was the third Jubilee Class ship to be built for the Australia service, and was launched at Belfast on 7 September 1899, entering service on 7 December that year. Persic, like her sisters was a single funnel liner, which had capacity for 320 Third Class passengers, and also had substantial cargo capacity with seven cargo holds, most of them refrigerated for the transport of Australian meat.[5]

Early career

Persic set out on her maiden voyage on 7 December 1899, as the Boer War was underway by this time, she carried 500 troops for South Africa. The maiden voyage turned out to be a fiasco as the ship developed a major fault: cracks developed on her rudder stock casting, which resulted in it breaking by the time she reached Cape Town. Persic had to remain at Cape Town until a replacement could be shipped out from Belfast and fitted. When the voyage resumed early the next year, Persic repatriated injured and sick Australian troops.[5]

On 26 October 1900 the England-bound Persic travelling along the equator assisted the crew of the Glasgow steamer Maudra, which had caught on fire. Although extinguished the day before, it was found to be more serious, and the Maudra was abandoned.[6] Part of the September–November journey, Australian artists Hugh Ramsay and George Washington Lambert travelled on the Persic from Sydney to London. Lambert became successful in London; Ramsay preferred Paris but had to return to Australia when his health failed.[7]

During 1901, the Persic made at least three return journeys between England and Australia. In February 1901 the vessel transported 'one of Australia's greatest and most loved poets' and bush balladeers, Will H. Ogilvie (1869–1963) from Sydney, where he returned to Scotland.[8] Artist G. W. Lambert who travelled the year before on the Persic also served as an illustrator in Ogilvie's 1898 work Fair girls and gray horses.[9][10]

In July 1901 described as a large steamer, the Persic went from Liverpool, to Cape Town, via Adelaide and Melbourne to reach Sydney.[11] The return journey saw her loaded with 1200 tons of wheat (bound for England) as large general cargo.[12][13]

Her November 1901 journey from Liverpool via Cape Town saw a passenger manifest of 335 passengers being 15 bound for Adelaide, 113 for Melbourne, and 207 for Sydney. On board were invalided and time-expired Australian and New Zealand soldiers from the Boer War.[14] Additional to over two-hundred passengers on her return journey leaving Australia for England also saw her well-laiden with cargo:

She carries a very large and varied cargo, comprising amongst other lines 10,200 bales wool, 300 tons cocoanut oil, 160 casks tallow, 1467 Ingots tin, 140 tons chrome ore, 120 bales sheepskins, 30 bales furskins, 16,130 carcases mutton and lamb, and 1200 boxes butter.[15]

The Persic continued her return trips services through the 1900s and 1910s. Mid-1910 saw the ship fitted with wireless telegraphy.[16]

World War I service

The vessel was taken up by the Australian government as a war transport on the outbreak of World War I in 1914, becoming known by the designation HMAT (His Majesty's Australian Transport) A34, until 9 November 1917, when Persic was commandeered under the British government's Liner Requisition Scheme.[17][5][2] In mid-1918 of Canada as part of an escort going to England, zig-zagging whilst trying to avoid a torpedo, the Persic ran into her sister ship the Runic fortunately with no serious damage.[18][19]

On 12 September 1918, Persic was sailing in a convoy carrying 2,800 American troops when she was torpedoed by the German U-boat {{Ship|SM|UB-87}} near the Isles of Scilly. Despite substantial damage she stayed afloat, and limped back to port under her own power where she was beached, and all on board survived.[20][5]

Final years

In July 1919, Persic was returned to commercial service, and the following year underwent a refit to overhaul and modernise her accommodation, which was changed to carry 260 passengers in Second class.[21][5] She continued to ship Australian cargo, including landing in Hobart, Tasmania for 47 000 cases of fruit for London.[22]

In 1926 she went for another refit at Harland and Wolff's Govan yard, where her engines were found to suffering from advanced wear and tear with limited service life; as replacing them would not have been financially justifiable due to the ship's age, the decision was made to withdraw her from service. In September 1926 she made one last voyage to Australia, and upon her return she was laid up on the River Mersey. In June 1927 she was sold for scrap for £25,000 to the Dutch shipbreakers Hendrik Ido Ambacht, and on 7 July she left Liverpool for the Netherlands to be scrapped after 27 years of service.[5]

References

1. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.titanic-titanic.com/persic.shtml |title=SS Persic |first=Andrew |last=Clarkson |work=titanic-titanic.com |year=2013 |accessdate=25 February 2013}}
2. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://www.norwayheritage.com/p_ship.asp?sh=persi |title=Persic, White Star Line |work=norwayheritage.com |year=2013 |accessdate=25 February 2013}}
3. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article241477604 |title=The S.S. Persic. |newspaper=The Herald |issue=6257 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=9 August 1900 |accessdate=24 November 2018 |page=2 |via=National Library of Australia}}
4. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59022350 |title=The S.S. Persic. |newspaper=The Register (Adelaide) |volume=LXXXIX, |issue=26,078 |location=South Australia |date=26 July 1924 |accessdate=24 November 2018 |page=13 |via=National Library of Australia}}
5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|last1=Kerbrech|first1=Richard De|title=Ships of the White Star Line|date=2009|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing|pages=78–87|ISBN=978 0 7110 3366 5}}
6. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35386827 |title=Rescue at sea by steamer Persic. |newspaper=The Examiner |volume=LXI |issue=23 |location=Tasmania|date=26 January 1901 |accessdate=18 December 2017 |page=8 (DAILY) |via=National Library of Australia}}
7. ^{{Cite book|title = Hugh Ramsay, his life and work|last = Fullerton|first = Patricia|publisher = Hudson|year = 1988|isbn = 0949873101|location = Hawthorn, Victoria|pages = }}
8. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article79740606 |title=On the Road to Scotland. |newspaper=Warwick Argus |volume=XXXVII, |issue=3046 |location=Queensland, Australia |date=27 July 1901 |accessdate=7 July 2018 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}
9. ^1900 'The White Star Line.', The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954), 7 September, p. 8. , viewed 07 Jul 2018, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14334797
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A090653b.htm |title=Lambert, George Washington Thomas (1873 - 1930) |accessdate=2009-07-15 |author=Martin Terry |work=Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 9 |publisher=MUP |year=1983 |pages=649–650}}
11. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14395943 |title=The Persic. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |issue=19,757 |date=8 July 1901 |accessdate=18 December 2017 |page=8 |via=National Library of Australia}}
12. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article237269933 |title=Departure of the Persic. |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |issue=6902 |location=Sydney|date=24 July 1901 |accessdate=18 December 2017 |page=6 |via=National Library of Australia}}
13. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71470243 |title=Grain in Bulk. |newspaper=Australian Town and Country Journal |volume=LXIII |issue=1642 |location=New South Wales|date=27 July 1901 |accessdate=18 December 2017 |page=17 |via=National Library of Australia}}
14. ^1901 'Arrival of the Persic', The Express and Telegraph (Adelaide), 29 November, p. 2. (Four O'clock edition.), viewed 18 Dec 2017, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article210533872
15. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article237375524 |title=Sailing of the Persic. |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |issue=7030 |location=Sydney|date=20 December 1901 |accessdate=18 December 2017 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}
16. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article158507501 |title=Wireless telegraphy on the S.S. Persic. |newspaper=Daily Commercial News And Shipping List |issue=6134 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=25 July 1910 |accessdate=24 November 2018 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}
17. ^{{cite web |title=A34 Persic |url=https://www.flotilla-australia.com/hmat2.htm#A34 |publisher=Flotilla Australia |accessdate=31 July 2018}}
18. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article89090353 |title=Incidents of a voyage. |newspaper=Bendigonian |volume=XXIV |issue=1115 |location=Victoria, Australia |date=25 July 1918 |accessdate=18 December 2017 |page=21 |via=National Library of Australia}}
19. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article90433461 |title=Incidents of a voyage. |newspaper=Bendigo Advertiser |volume=LXVI |issue=19,637 |location=Victoria|date=24 July 1918 |accessdate=18 December 2017 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}
20. ^{{cite web |title=2,800 escape U-boat attack |url=https://www.encyclopedia-titanica.org/community/threads/news-from-1918-persic-survives-uboat-attack.25915/ |website=Encyclopedia Titanica |publisher=New York Times, 12 September 1918 |accessdate=24 August 2018}}
21. ^{{cite book |last1=Haws |first1=Duncan |title=White Star Line (Oceanic Steam Navigation Company) |date=1990 |isbn=0 946378 16 9 |page=52}}
22. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23626773 |title=The Persic. |newspaper=The Mercury |volume=CXVIII |issue=17,265 |location=Tasmania, Australia |date=5 February 1923 |accessdate=18 December 2017 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}}
{{Commons category|Persic (ship, 1899)}}{{Jubilee-class ocean liners}}{{White Star Line ships}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Persic}}

4 : 1899 ships|Ships built in Belfast|Ships of the White Star Line|Ships built by Harland and Wolff
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