请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 SS Santa Paula (1932)
释义

  1. Design and construction

  2. Pre-war Grace Line service

  3. World War II service

  4. Postwar Grace Line service

  5. Typaldos Lines service

  6. References

{{other ships|SS Santa Paula}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Ship image size=300pxShip caption= Sister ship SS Santa Rosa in Grace Line livery.
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=1933}}Ship name= SS Santa PaulaShip owner=Ship operator= Grace Line (1932-1941, 1947-1958)Ship registry= New YorkShip route= New York - Havana - Cristobal - the Panama Canal - Balboa - Puntarenas - La Libertad - San Jose de Guatemala - Mazatlan - Los Angeles - San Francisco - Seattle.Ship ordered= 1930Ship builder= Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock CompanyShip original cost=Ship yard number= 122Ship way number=Ship laid down=Ship launched=Ship completed= December 1932[1]Ship christened=Ship acquired=Ship maiden voyage= 30 January 1933Ship in service=Ship out of service= 1958Ship fate= Sold in 1961Ship identification= IMO 5002041Ship status=Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=title1946}}Ship name= USAT Santa PaulaShip owner=Ship operator= War Shipping Administration (1941–46)Ship registry= New YorkPassengers=2209Ship acquired=Ship maiden voyage=Ship in service=Ship out of service=Ship fate=Ship identification=Ship status=Ship notes=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=titleShip country=Greece}}Ship name= SS AkropolisShip namesake=Ship owner=Ship registry=Ship route=Ship ordered=Ship awarded=Ship builder=Ship operator= Aegean Steam Navigation Co (Typaldos Line)Ship yard number=Ship way number=Ship laid down=Ship launched=Ship sponsor=Ship christened=Ship completed=Ship acquired= 1961Ship commissioned=Ship recommissioned=Ship decommissioned=Ship maiden voyage=Ship in service= 1961Ship out of service= 1966Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit=Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship homeport= Piraeus, GreeceShip identification=Ship motto=Ship nickname=Ship honours=Ship honors=Ship captured=Ship fate= Scrapped 1971, Eleusis, Greece
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Ship type= Passenger/Cargo Linerdate=May 2013}}508|ft|0|abbr=on}}72|ft|abbr=on}}Ship power=Ship propulsion= 2 steam turbines, double reduction geared to twin screws19|kn|km/h mph|lk=in}}date=May 2013}}Ship notes=*sister ships:
  • {{SS|Santa Elena||2}}, Santa Lucia, {{SS|Santa Rosa|1932|2}}

}}
SS Santa Paula (later SS Akropolis) was a passenger and cargo ocean liner built for the Grace Line. She was the second of four sister ships (the others being {{SS|Santa Elena||2}}, Santa Lucia and {{SS|Santa Rosa|1932|2}}) ordered in 1930 from the Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company of Kearny, NJ. Her regular service route included inter-coastal service between the east coast and the west coast of the USA via the Caribbean and the Panama Canal. She later sailed on cruises from New York to the Caribbean and South America. She was the second of three vessels to bear the name Santa Paula for Grace Line service. (The first Grace Line Santa Paula was a 1916-built ship that was sold in 1925 and sunk in 1943.)[2]

Design and construction

Designed by Gibbs & Cox, Santa Paula and her sisters featured their signature winged funnel. The ships were exceptionally powerful and could achieve {{convert|18|kn|km/h}} with only three boilers in use. The main engines were twin steam turbines, double reduction geared to twin screws. The screws turned inward, which made the ships awkward to maneuver.[3] The dining room was on the promenade deck between the two funnels and had a retractable roof to let passengers dine under the tropical sky. All public rooms were on the promenade deck. The dining room formed an atrium stretching up two and a half decks to the retractable dome. Grace Line employed female dining room waitresses instead of male stewards. First class cabins were outside and had twin beds and private baths.[4]

Pre-war Grace Line service

Santa Paula started her maiden voyage on 30 January 1933 from Seattle, WA[5] and made 12 port calls en route to New York via the Panama Canal.[6] The new Santas offered 19-day cruises every two weeks between Seattle, WA along the California, Mexico, Latin America, through the Panama Canal to Havana en route to New York.[7] In the late 1930s until WWII Santa Paula made 16-day cruises to the Caribbean and South America,[8] and later 12-day Caribbean cruises.[9]

World War II service

Santa Paula was acquired by the US War Shipping Administration (WSA) on 27 November 1941 for troop service and allocated to the United States Army until returned to WSA 24 January 1942 to operate with Grace Line as its agent.[10][11] After conversion she carried approximately 2,200 troops.[12] Single or double occupancy cabins were modified to hold six to nine officers while the enlisted men slept in bunks stacked four to six high.[13] Designated USAT Santa Paula she began war service sailing to Australia through the Panama Canal. She next sailed from Charleston, SC to Freetown, Karachi, Cape Town and then to New York.[12] In November 1942 she sailed to Casablanca, Morocco in Operation Torch.[14][15] 1943 sailings saw trips to Oran, Gibraltar, Casablanca, Argentina, Liverpool, Cardiff, Belfast, Firth of Clyde[12] Palermo and Portsmouth.[16] Voyages of 1944 included a round trip from Boston to Swansea, New York to Cardiff and return to Boston, New York and Norfolk to Naples, New York to Cherbourg and the UK, New York to Leghorn and Naples, and Boston to Avonmouth with a return to New York. In early 1945 Santa Paula visited Naples, Oran, Port Said, Suez, Massaua, Bahrein, Abadan, Naples, and Marseille. From April to December 1945 she made five round trips between New York and Europe as well as a trip to Karachi via the Suez Canal. In her four years of war service she made 28 overseas trips from the United States.[12]

After the war Santa Paula transported war brides and their children from Europe to the US.[17]

Santa Paula and sister ship Santa Rosa survived the war and were returned to the Grace Line with Santa Paula being returned on 30 April 1947.[10] Santa Lucia and Santa Elena were sunk during war service.[2]

Postwar Grace Line service

After her war service she underwent repair and refit prior to redelivery to the Grace Line. A post-war promotional brochure boasted, "...The [Santa Paula and Santa Rosa] have been completely redecorated, refurbished and modernized after their war service; and provided with up-to-the-minute equipment to insure comfort, speed, efficiency and safety. They have the very latest type of moving-picture equipment, a public address system, a fine orchestra and varied facilities for deck games. Thus equipped, these twin liners offer you the comfort of an attractively furnished country home together with the diversions of your favorite club."[18] She resumed service on 2 May 1947[19] and now sailed from New York for the Caribbean and the east coast of South America.[20] In 1958 Santa Paula was replaced by a larger Gibbs-designed liner of the same name. The older ship was laid up at Hoboken, NJ until 1961 when both she and her sister ship Santa Rosa were sold to Greek owners.

Typaldos Lines service

Santa Paula was renamed SS Akropolis and began a new career as a cruise ship for the Typaldos Lines. She entered service for her new owners for voyages in the Mediterranean. A passenger recollection from August 1962 during a Greek Island cruise described the ship as "sweltering" as it was "air cooled" by ceiling air vents but not "air conditioned".[21] In 1965 she operated approximately every 10 days on a round trip from Zeebrugge to Funchal, Santa Curz, Tangier, and Lisbon.[22] By 1966 however she did not appear in any scheduled sailings.[23] In 1968 the Typaldos Lines owners were arrested and the company dissolved after the Greek government investigation of the {{SS|Heraklion}} incident found them guilty of manslaughter and negligence The company's ships were taken over and sold and the company dissolved. Santa Paula/Akropolis never returned to active service. In 1971 she was scrapped at Eleusis.[24]

References

1. ^{{cite web |title=Federal Shipbuilding, Kearny and Newark NJ |url= http://www.shipbuildinghistory.com/history/shipyards/1major/inactive/federal.htm |publisher=shipbuildinghistory.com |accessdate=25 September 2012}}
2. ^1 {{cite web |title=Grace Line Fleet 1882–1969 |url=http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/grace.htm |publisher=TheShipsList.com |accessdate=22 September 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217042842/http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/grace.htm |archivedate=17 February 2012 |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web |last=Grace |first=Michael L. |title=The Grace Line History |url= http://cruiselinehistory.com/the-grace-line/ |publisher=CruisLineHistory.com |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
4. ^{{cite web |title=Santa Rosa (1932) - History |url= http://www.oceanlinermuseum.co.uk/Santa%20Rosa%201932%20History.html |publisher=The AJN Transport Britain Collection 2007 |accessdate=22 September 2012}}
5. ^{{cite web |title=1933, Jan 30-Feb 21. Maiden voyage SS Santa Paula, Grace Line |url= http://saaphilnet.com/seespecialized.php?show=55 |publisher=SeaPhilatelic.net |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
6. ^{{cite web |title=Grace Line Sailings November 1932-May 1933 |date=November 26, 1932 |url= http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/grace.htm |publisher=Björn Larsson, Maritime Timetable Images |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
7. ^{{cite web |title=Grace Line Itinerary - Scenic Cruises Every Two Weeks of the Year |url= http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/grace32i.jpg |publisher=Björn Larsson, Maritime Timetable Images |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
8. ^{{cite web |title=Grace Line Sailings September 1938–January 1939 |date=August 1938 |url= http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/grace.htm |publisher=Björn Larsson, Maritime Timetable Images |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
9. ^{{cite web |title=Grace Line Sailings October 1941–April 1942 |date=September 1941 |url= http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/grace.htm |publisher=Björn Larsson, Maritime Timetable Images |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
10. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.marad.dot.gov/sh/ShipHistory/Detail/12046 |title=Santa Paula |author=Maritime Administration |date= |work=Ship History Database Vessel Status Card |publisher= U.S. Department of Transportation, Maritime Administration |accessdate=}}
11. ^{{cite web |title=Troop Ships |url= http://www.usmm.org/troopships.html#anchor1072244 |publisher=American Merchant Marine at War |accessdate=20 January 2012}}
12. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title= Troop Ship Santa Paula |url= http://www.armed-guard.com/troop16.html |work=World War II U.S. Navy Armed Guard and World War II U.S. Merchant Marine |publisher=Project Liberty Ship |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
13. ^{{cite web |title=The Provisional General Hospital in Casablanca |url= http://www.hsl.virginia.edu/historical/uva_hospital/8evac/deployment.cfm |work=Deployment In Africa |publisher=Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia |accessdate= 29 September 2012}}
14. ^{{cite web |title=U.S. Navy Armed Guard and U.S. Merchant Marine in World War II - A Little-Known Story |url= http://www.armed-guard.com/09peo.html |publisher=Project Liberty Ship |accessdate=22 September 2012}}
15. ^{{cite web |title=48th Surgical Hospital - 128th Evacuation Hospital Unit History |url= http://www.med-dept.com/unit_histories/128_evac_hosp.php |publisher=WW2 US Medical Research Centre |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
16. ^{{cite web |last=Graham |first=Gordon |title=Veterans Day - The Final Days of Two Local Veterans |url= http://www.indianrivermi.com/history.html |publisher=Indian River VFW Post 7439 |accessdate=22 September 2012}}
17. ^{{cite web |title=Alice Lawson on the Santa Paula - May 1946 |url= http://uswarbrides.com/Photo/lawson.html |publisher=The American War Bride Experience |accessdate=28 September 2012}}
18. ^{{cite web |title=The Luxury Cruise Liners Santa Rosa – Santa Paula |url= http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/gce49bi1.htm |publisher=Björn Larsson, Maritime Timetable Images |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
19. ^{{cite web |last=Walker |first=Derek |title=The Forgotten Titanic |url= http://www.allatsea.co.za/santarosa.htm |publisher=All At Sea Maritime Pages |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
20. ^{{cite web |title=Grace Line Sailings January-September 1948 Adate=January 1948 |url= http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/gce49bi1.htm |publisher=Björn Larsson, Maritime Timetable Images |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
21. ^{{cite web |title=March 10th, 2007 - Greek Ships |url= http://cruiseforums.cruisecritic.com/showthread.php?t=480683 |work=Saga Rose Greenland Voyager August 2007 |publisher=Independent Traveler - CruiseCritic.com |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
22. ^{{cite web |title=Typaldos Lines 1965 Handbook for Travel Agents - Regular Passenger Services |url= http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/archives.htm#T |publisher=Björn Larsson, Maritime Timetable Images |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
23. ^{{cite web |title=Typaldos Lines Sailings January-December 1966 |url= http://www.timetableimages.com/maritime/images/typ.htm |publisher=Björn Larsson, Maritime Timetable Images |accessdate=29 September 2012}}
24. ^{{cite web |last=Amaro |first=Rui| title=Typaldos Brothers Company Limited - Akropolis |url= http://www.naviearmatori.net/ita/foto-166032-1.html |publisher=Navi e Armatori.net |accessdate=25 September 2012}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Santa Paula (1932)}}

7 : 1932 ships|Passenger ships of the United States|Ships built in Kearny, New Jersey|Steamships of the United States|Steam turbine-powered ships|Transport ships of the United States Army|Troop ships of the War Shipping Administration
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/9/22 5:37:28