| 词条 | Staro Gracko massacre |
| 释义 |
|title= Staro Gracko massacre |image= |caption= |location=the village of Staro Gracko, Lipljan municipality, Kosovo, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia |target=Kosovo Serb farmers |date= 23 July 1999 |time= 9:13pm |timezone= Central European Time |type= Mass killing |fatalities=14[1] |injuries= |perps=Albanian gunmen of the Kosovo Liberation Army[2] |motive= }} The Staro Gracko massacre ({{lang-sr|Масакр у Старом Грацком}}, {{lang-sq|Masakra në Grackë e Vjetër}}) was the mass killing of 14 Kosovo Serb farmers in the village of Staro Gracko in the Kosovo municipality of Lipljan on 23 July 1999.[3] The killings occurred after Yugoslav troops withdrew from the region in the aftermath of the Kosovo War, and was the worst single crime in Kosovo since the conflict ended in June 1999.[4] The perpetrators of the killings have never been captured.[5] BackgroundThe Kosovo War ended on 11 June 1999 with the Yugoslav Army (VJ) agreeing to withdraw its forces from the province of Kosovo after a 78-day NATO bombing campaign. As many as 40,000 Yugoslav soldiers subsequently left the province and were replaced by an estimated 50,000 NATO troops,[6] while 170,000 Kosovo Serbs fled to Central Serbia.[7] Although the village of Staro Gracko, with a population of 300, was predominantly inhabited by ethnic Serbs[8] and was home to eighty Serb and two Kosovo Albanian families,[9] surrounding villages were inhabited by ethnic Albanians.[8] MassacreOn 23 July 1999, at approximately 9:13pm, British KFOR troops heard gunfire and contacted a NATO reaction-force which hurried to the scene. The NATO soldiers subsequently discovered the bodies of thirteen Serbs next to a combine harvester by an open field.[10] A fourteenth body was discovered lying on a tractor nearby.[11] The farmers had been returning home after a day of harvesting wheat.[12] When their corpses were discovered, it was reported that the men had been grouped together in a circle and shot dead.[9] The bodies of some victims appeared to have been mutilated and disfigured with blunt instruments.[8] The farmers had requested NATO protection seven days prior to the killings, but their pleas were ignored.[2] AftermathAfter the fourteen bodies were discovered, Canadian troops cordoned off the village. The bodies were then taken to a hospital in Pristina to be identified.[9] The United Nations stated that women and children were among the victims.[13] ReactionKosovo Liberation Army leader Hashim Thaçi condemned the killings, calling them "[a] crazy act designed to wreck the improving relations between Kosovo Albanians and Serbs." Bernard Kouchner, the head of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), said that he was "horrified" by the massacre and promised to bring "the perpetrators to justice without delay."[9] Louise Arbour, the chief prosecutor of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), said that she was "gravely concerned" and called for "an immediate investigation into the massacre."[14]Yugoslav President Slobodan Milošević blamed international peacekeeping forces for the massacre, while VJ General Nebojša Pavković threatened to send Yugoslav troops back into Kosovo if the United Nations were not able to control the province.[14] See also
Notes1. ^{{cite web| publisher= CNN| url= http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9907/24/kosovo.02/index.html?iref=allsearch| author= | title= 14 Serb farmers killed in Kosovo, NATO reports| date= 24 July 1999| accessdate= 12 December 2012}} {{coord missing|Kosovo}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Staro Gracko massacre}}2. ^1 {{cite book|last=Sremac| first=Danielle S.| title=War of Words: Washington Tackles the Yugoslav Conflict| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IGeJzd6BLU4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=War+of+Words:+Washington+Tackles+the+Yugoslav+Conflict&hl=en&sa=X&ei=CNnJUIr7Hcfg2QWDv4CoAQ&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=1999| isbn=978-0-275-96609-6| page=247}} 3. ^{{cite web| publisher= BBC| url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/405692.stm| author= | title= Massacre victims laid to rest| date= 28 July 1999| accessdate= 12 December 2012}} 4. ^{{cite web| publisher= CNN| url= http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9908/21/kosovo.01/index.html?iref=allsearch| author= | title= KLA leader fails to show for Kosovo advisers meeting| date= 21 August 1999| accessdate= 13 December 2012}} 5. ^{{cite web| publisher=B92| url= http://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2012&mm=07&dd=23&nav_category=640&nav_id=628784| author= | title= KiM: 13 godina od ubistva žetelaca| date= 23 July 2012| accessdate= 13 December 2012}} 6. ^{{cite web| publisher=CNN| url=http://edition.cnn.com/WORLD/europe/9906/11/kosovo.01/| title=Wave of Yugoslav troops, trucks leave Kosovo| date=11 June 1999| accessdate=8 August 2013}} 7. ^{{cite web| publisher=The Guardian| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/aug/12/balkans| author=Andrew Gray| title=Pristina's Serbs flee in thousands| date=12 August 1999| accessdate=8 August 1999}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web| publisher= The New York Times| url= https://www.nytimes.com/1999/07/25/world/slaying-of-serbs-sets-back-effort-for-kosovo-peace.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm| author= Chris Hedges| title= Slaying of Serbs Sets Back Effort for Kosovo Peace| date= 25 July 1999| accessdate= 12 December 2012}} 9. ^1 2 3 {{cite web| publisher= BBC| url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/402585.stm| author= | title= Serb farmers gunned down| date= 24 July 1999| accessdate= 12 December 2012}} 10. ^{{cite web| publisher= The Guardian| url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/jul/29/balkans2?INTCMP=SRCH| author= Chris Bird| title= 'This is what will happen to us all' — Gracko's Serbs bury 14 massacred farmers and fear for their lives| date= 29 July 1999| accessdate= 12 December 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web| publisher= L.A. Times| url= http://articles.latimes.com/1999/jul/24/news/mn-59105| author= Valerie Reitman| title= 14 Serb Farmers Killed Near a Field in Kosovo| date= 24 July 1999| accessdate= 12 December 2012}} 12. ^{{cite web| publisher= BBC| url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/403704.stm| author= | title= Serb funerals postponed in Kosovo| date= 26 July 1999| accessdate= 12 December 2012}} 13. ^{{citation |last=Krieger |first=Heike |year=2001 |title=The Kosovo Conflict and International Law: An Analytical Documentation 1974–1999 |publisher=Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge|page=62}} 14. ^1 {{cite web| publisher=BBC| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/402948.stm| title=West blamed for Serb deaths| date=24 July 1999| accessdate=8 August 2013}} 6 : 1999 in Kosovo|Mass murder in 1999|Massacres in the Kosovo War|Massacres of Serbs|Albanian war crimes in the Kosovo War|July 1999 events in Europe |
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