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词条 St Crispin's Day Speech
释义

  1. The speech

  2. Cultural influence

     Use and quotation  Film, television, music and literature 

  3. Notes and references

     Notes  References 
{{short description|1415 speech by Henry V of England immortalised in William Shakespeare's play Henry V}}{{Use British English|date=October 2015}}

The St Crispin's Day speech is from Shakespeare's history play Henry V, in Act IV Scene iii 18–67. In the speech, which fell on Saint Crispin's Day, Henry V urged his men – who were vastly outnumbered by the French – to recall how the English had previously inflicted great defeats upon the French. The speech by Shakespeare has been famously portrayed by Laurence Olivier to raise British spirits during the Second World War, and by Kenneth Branagh in the 1989 film Henry V, and it made famous the phrase "band of brothers."[1] The play was written around 1600, and several later writers have used parts of it in their own texts.

The speech

{{quote|sign=|source=|

WESTMORLAND. O that we now had here

But one ten thousand of those men in England

That do no work to-day!

KING. What's he that wishes so?

My cousin, Westmorland? No, my fair cousin;

If we are mark'd to die, we are enough

To do our country loss; and if to live,

The fewer men, the greater share of honour.

God's will! I pray thee, wish not one man more.

By Jove, I am not covetous for gold,

Nor care I who doth feed upon my cost;

It yearns me not if men my garments wear;

Such outward things dwell not in my desires.

But if it be a sin to covet honour,

I am the most offending soul alive.

No, faith, my coz, wish not a man from England.

God's peace! I would not lose so great an honour

As one man more methinks would share from me

For the best hope I have. O, do not wish one more!

Rather proclaim it, Westmorland, through my host,

That he which hath no stomach to this fight,

Let him depart; his passport shall be made,

And crowns for convoy put into his purse;

We would not die in that man's company

That fears his fellowship to die with us.

This day is call'd the feast of Crispian.

He that outlives this day, and comes safe home,

Will stand a tip-toe when this day is nam'd,

And rouse him at the name of Crispian.

He that shall live this day, and see old age,

Will yearly on the vigil feast his neighbours,

And say "To-morrow is Saint Crispian."

Then will he strip his sleeve and show his scars,

And say "These wounds I had on Crispin's day."

Old men forget; yet all shall be forgot,

But he'll remember, with advantages,

What feats he did that day. Then shall our names,

Familiar in his mouth as household words—

Harry the King, Bedford and Exeter,

Warwick and Talbot, Salisbury and Gloucester—

Be in their flowing cups freshly rememb'red.

This story shall the good man teach his son;

And Crispin Crispian shall ne'er go by,

From this day to the ending of the world,

But we in it shall be rememberèd—

We few, we happy few, we band of brothers;

For he to-day that sheds his blood with me

Shall be my brother; be he ne'er so vile,

This day shall gentle his condition;

And gentlemen in England now a-bed

Shall think themselves accurs'd they were not here,

And hold their manhoods cheap whiles any speaks

That fought with us upon Saint Crispin's day.

}}

Cultural influence

Use and quotation

  • During the Napoleonic Wars, just prior to the Battle of the Nile, Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, then Rear Admiral of the Blue, referred to his captains as his "band of brothers".{{sfn|Folger|n.d.}}
  • Charles Dickens' magazine Household Words (1850-1851) took its name from the speech.[2]
  • During World War II, Laurence Olivier delivered the speech during a radio programme to boost British morale and Winston Churchill found him so inspiring that he asked him to produce the Shakespeare play as a film. Olivier's adaptation appeared in 1944.{{sfn|Folger|n.d.}}
  • During the legal battle for the U.S. presidential election of 2000, regarding the Florida vote recount, members of the Florida legal team for George W. Bush, the eventual legal victor, joined arms and recited the speech during a break in preparation, to motivate themselves.[3]
  • On the day of the result of the United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 2016, as the vote to leave became clear, activist and MEP Daniel Hannan is reported to have delivered an edited version of the speech from a table, replacing the names Bedford, Exeter, Warwick and Talbot with other prominent Vote Leave activists.[4][5]

Film, television, music and literature

Parts of the speech appear in films such as The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962),[6][7] Tombstone (1993),[8] Renaissance Man (1994),[9] This Is England (2006),[10] and Their Finest (2017).[11] It has also been used in television series such as Rough Riders (1997),[12][13] Buffy the Vampire Slayer,[14][15], The Black Adder[16][17] and Doctor Who.[18]

  • The phrase "band of brothers" appears in the 1789 song "Hail, Columbia", written for the inauguration of George Washington as the first President of the United States; and in the first line of the 1861 Confederate marching song "The Bonnie Blue Flag".{{sfn|Folger|n.d.}}
  • Stephen Ambrose borrowed the phrase "Band of Brothers" for the title of his 1992 book on E Company of the 101st Airborne during World War II; it was later adapted into the 2001 miniseries Band of Brothers. In the closing scene of the series, Carwood Lipton quotes from Shakespeare's speech.{{sfn|Folger|n.d.}}
  • A part of the speech is quoted in the 2017 novel The Ministry of Utmost Happiness by Arundhati Roy as one of the character's mother's favourite passage from Shakespeare which is recited (silently) at her second funeral.[19][20]
  • The speech is referenced in the title of the video game We Happy Few, a game about "paranoia and survival in a drugged-out, dystopian english city".[21]

Notes and references

{{wikisource|The Life of Henry the Fifth#SCENE III. The English camp.|The Life of Henry the Fifth}}

Notes

1. ^{{cite news |last1=Fraser |first1=Isabelle |title=Battle of Agincourt anniversary: Henry V's St Crispin's Day speech in full |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/11946012/Henry-V-St-Crispins-Day-speech-in-full.html |accessdate=14 August 2018 |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=21 October 2015}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=tEy5rNbAV8kC&pg=PR23&dq=%22Renaissance+Man%22+crispin+speech&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwidxYjXhMvZAhUJVt8KHUzPDu4Q6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22Renaissance+Man%22+crispin+speech&f=false|title=Household Words: Bloomers, Sucker, Bombshell, Scab, Nigger, Cyber|first=Stephanie Ann|last=Smith|date=17 March 2018|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|accessdate=17 March 2018|via=Google Books}}
3. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/26/us/politics/before-rise-as-outsider-ted-cruz-played-inside-role-in-2000-recount.html |title= Before Rise as Outsider, Ted Cruz Played Inside Role in 2000 Recount |author= Matt Flegenheimer |date= January 25, 2016 |work= The New York Times |accessdate= January 20, 2018 }}
4. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/bard-language-at-brexit-bash-lwzq9pt7z |title= Bard language at Brexit bash |author= Patrick Kidd |date= 15 October 2016 |work= The Times |accessdate= January 20, 2018 }}
5. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/sep/29/daniel-hannan-the-man-who-brought-you-brexit |title= The man who brought you Brexit |author= Sam Knight |date= 29 September 2016 |work= The Guardian |accessdate= January 20, 2018 }}
6. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fllkAKKsORgC&pg=PA200&lpg=PA200&dq=the+man+who+shot+liberty+valance+crispin's+day+speech&source=bl&ots=Ah0pk2J81-&sig=Ajj9gHhF00jagNaULPKSwvKzpj8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjeleOquZPcAhVMUt8KHSYODjkQ6AEIpwEwHQ#v=onepage&q=the%20man%20who%20shot%20liberty%20valance%20crispin's%20day%20speech&f=false|title=The Amazing Transforming Superhero!: Essays on the Revision of Characters in Comic Books, Film and Television|last=Wandtke|first=Terrence R.|date=2011-11-16|publisher=McFarland|isbn=9780786490134|language=en}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=NGopDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA12&dq=%22The+Man+Who+Shot+Liberty+Valance%22+crispin&hl=sv&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj5r6LCq5TcAhWsDpoKHQDRC7gQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=%22The+Man+Who+Shot+Liberty+Valance%22+crispin&f=false|title=Shakespeare Films: A Re-evaluation of 100 Years of Adaptations|first=Peter E. S.|last=Babiak|date=20 May 2016|publisher=McFarland|accessdate=10 July 2018|via=Google Books}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=7eOvTzeSy84C&pg=PA256&dq=Tombstone+fabian+crispin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwikobvHh8vZAhXQTN8KHRX7AuwQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=Tombstone+fabian+crispin&f=false|title=Shakespeare on screen|first=Nathalie|last=Vienne-Guerrin|publisher=Publication Univ Rouen Havre|accessdate=1 March 2018|via=Google Books}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=tEy5rNbAV8kC&pg=PR23&dq=%22Renaissance+Man%22+crispin+speech&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwidxYjXhMvZAhUJVt8KHUzPDu4Q6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22Renaissance+Man%22+crispin+speech&f=false|title=Household Words: Bloomers, Sucker, Bombshell, Scab, Nigger, Cyber|first=Stephanie Ann|last=Smith|date=1 March 2018|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|accessdate=1 March 2018|via=Google Books}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=mTYkDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA78&dq=%22This+Is+England%22+crispin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj36P-Ol8vZAhWrdN8KHSZvAPAQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=crispin&f=false|title=Shane Meadows|first=Martin|last=Fradley|date=1 March 2018|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|accessdate=1 March 2018|via=Google Books}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/reviews/toronto-film-review-their-finest-sam-claflin-gemma-arterton-1201857839/|title=Toronto Film Review: ‘Their Finest’|first=Andrew|last=Barker|date=12 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=1 March 2018}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/13/arts/for-this-teddy-roosevelt-war-was-heaven.html|title=For This Teddy Roosevelt, War Was Heaven|date=13 July 1997|website=The New York Times|accessdate=1 March 2018}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/1997/tv/reviews/rough-riders-1200450519/|title=Rough Riders|first=Tony|last=Scott|date=17 July 1997|publisher=|accessdate=1 March 2018}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=uFU3DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA163&lpg=PA163&dq=%22Buffy+the+Vampire+Slayer%22+crispin&source=bl&ots=Zm0kdhGMIB&sig=UEkA2kEzJ43-jqtxefT81xRxm24&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiq4MipqcvZAhXpw1QKHdCOD_EQ6AEIdDAN#v=onepage&q=%22Buffy+the+Vampire+Slayer%22+crispin&f=false|title=Buffy the Vampire Slayer 20 Years of Slaying: The Watcher’s Guide Authorized|first=Christopher|last=Golden|date=3 October 2017|publisher=Simon and Schuster|accessdate=1 March 2018|via=Google Books}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=amKx_wH-PDYC&pg=PA107&lpg=PA107&dq=%22Buffy+the+Vampire+Slayer%22+crispin&source=bl&ots=luvXBK-DXZ&sig=OmX_tw9FTaKEQ5W0PPefUXAItYk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiq4MipqcvZAhXpw1QKHdCOD_EQ6AEIigEwEA#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Fighting the Forces: What's at Stake in Buffy the Vampire Slayer|first1=Rhonda|last1=Wilcox|first2=David|last2=Lavery|date=1 March 2018|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|accessdate=1 March 2018|via=Google Books}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.springfieldspringfield.co.uk/view_episode_scripts.php?tv-show=blackadder&episode=s01e01|title=Blackadder s01e01 Episode Script {{!}} SS|website=Springfield! Springfield!|access-date=2017-02-12}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.se/books?id=G-LX_jt0tsEC&pg=PA27&dq=%22black+adder%22+crispin&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjP3I3nrMvZAhUhVt8KHaV8CPgQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=%22black+adder%22+crispin&f=false|title=The Tudors on Film and Television|first1=Sue|last1=Parrill|first2=William B.|last2=Robison|date=15 February 2013|publisher=McFarland|accessdate=1 March 2018|via=Google Books}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2011-03-29/state-of-decay/|title=State of Decay ★★★★|publisher=|accessdate=1 March 2018}}
19. ^{{cite book |title = The Ministry of Utmost Happiness |last = Roy |first = Arundhati |authorlink = Arundhati Roy |pages = 419 |publisher = Knopf |year = 2017 |isbn = 978-1524733155 |ref = harv}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/interviews/fiction-not-being-real-undermines-fiction-arundhati-roy/articleshow/58968051.cms|title=Fiction not being real undermines fiction: Arundhati Roy|first=Charmy|last=Harikrishnan|date=2 June 2017|publisher=|accessdate=17 March 2018|via=The Economic Times}}
21. ^{{cite web | url = https://compulsiongames.com/en/news/51/a-blog-post-for-the-new-year | title = A Blog Post for the New Year | date = 22 January 2016 | accessdate = 13 August 2018 | publisher = Compulsion Games }}

References

  • {{cite book

|last = Barker
|first = Juliet
|authorlink = Juliet Barker
|year = 2005
|title = Agincourt: The King, the Campaign, the Battle
|location = London
|publisher = Little, Brown
|isbn = 978-0-316-72648-1
|ref = harv
}}
  • {{cite web

|title = The St. Crispin's Day Speech
|url = http://www.folger.edu/template.cfm?cid=4373
|website = Folger Shakespeare Library
|accessdate = 3 December 2014
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131203133234/http://www.folger.edu/template.cfm?cid=4373
|archive-date = 3 December 2013
|dead-url = yes
|ref = {{Harvid|Folger|n.d.}}
}}
  • {{cite web

|last = Harris
|first = James
|title = Oral History of the President's Speech in 'Independence Day'
|url = http://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2015/07/presidents-speech-in-independence-day-oral-history
|website = Complex
|accessdate = 13 December 2015
|ref = {{harvid|Harris|n.d.}}
}}

6 : Shakespearean histories|15th century in fiction|Henry V of England|Speeches|France in fiction|Hundred Years' War in fiction
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