| 词条 | Stephen Macknik | |||
| 释义 |
|name = Stephen Macknik |image = Stephen Macknik CSICon 2018 Champions of Illusion - Super Crop.jpg |caption = Stephen Macknik in 2018 |birth_date = August 9, 1968 |birth_name = Stephen Louis Macknik |birth_place = Dayton, Ohio |nationality = American |field = Neuroscience, science writing |work_institution = Harvard University, University College London, Barrow Neurological Institute, State University of New York |alma_mater = Harvard University |doctoral_advisor= Margaret Livingstone |known_for = Illusions, art and visual perception, attention and awareness, Books: Sleights of Mind | awards = Empire Innovator Scholar }} Stephen Louis Macknik (born August 9, 1968) is an American neuroscientist and science writer. He is a Professor of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Physiology & Pharmacology[1] at the State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, where he directs the Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience. He directed laboratories previously at the Barrow Neurological Institute and University College London. He is best known for his studies[2] on illusions, consciousness, attentional misdirection in stage magic, and cerebral blood flow. Macknik is a founding member of the Neural Correlate Society.[3] He serves on the Advisory Board of Scientific American: Mind, and on the Leadership Team of the Center for Emergency Management and Homeland Security at Arizona State University. BiographyEarly life and educationStephen Macknik was born in 1968 in Dayton, Ohio, to an astrophysicist father and physical therapist mother. He grew up in Maui, Hawaii. Macknik completed a triple-major in Psychobiology, Biology, and Psychology at the University of California, Santa Cruz in 1991. Thereafter, he completed his PhD in Neurobiology at Harvard University in 1996,[4] under the supervision of Prof. Margaret Livingstone. He received his postdoctoral training from the Nobel Laureate Prof. David Hubel at Harvard Medical School,[5] from 1996 to 2001. CareerIn 2001, Macknik moved to the United Kingdom, as a Lecturer in Ophthalmology and laboratory director at University College London. In 2004, he returned to the United States as an Assistant Professor, and later, Associate Professor, at the Barrow Neurological Institute in Phoenix, Arizona, where he directed the Laboratory of Behavioral Neurophysiology. In 2014, he moved to Brooklyn, NY, as Professor of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Physiology & Pharmacology at SUNY Downstate Medical Center,[6] where he directs the Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience. He serves on the editorial board of the scientific journal PeerJ.[7] Awards and recognitionMacknik has received a number of awards, honoring his scientific work and his neuroscience outreach to the general public. Some of his awards include:
Macknik's research has been featured in print in The New York Times,[11] The New Yorker,[12] The Wall Street Journal,[13][14] The Atlantic,[15] Wired, The LA Chronicle, The Times (London), The Chicago Tribune,[16] The Boston Globe,[17] Der Spiegel, etc., and in radio and TV shows, including Discovery Channel's Head Games and Daily Planet shows, NOVA: scienceNow,[18] CBS Sunday Morning,[19] NPR's Science Friday,[20] and PRI's The World.[21] Personal lifeMacknik is married to fellow neuroscientist and frequent collaborator Susana Martinez-Conde,[22] who is also a professor and laboratory director at SUNY Downstate Medical Center. They have three children and live in Brooklyn, New York. Scientific researchIllusionsMacknik’s research focuses on the neural bases of perceptual and cognitive illusions.[23] He has studied visual masking illusions, the wakes and spokes illusion, and various illusions in stage magic. He writes the Illusions column for Scientific American: Mind. Attention and awarenessMacknik studies the neural bases of attention and visual awareness.[24] His research on visual awareness has concentrated on visual masking, and attentional misdirection in stage magic. NeuromagicMacknik and Martinez-Conde have pioneered the study of stage magic techniques from a neuroscience perspective. They have proposed that neuroscientists and magicians share many overlapping interests, and that both disciplines should collaborate with one another to mutual advantage. Macknik and Martinez-Conde are credited with founding the discipline of Neuromagic[25] as an area of scientific study devoted to unveiling the neural mechanisms underlying the perception of magic. Martinez-Conde and Macknik coined the term "Neuromagic" in a 2008 Scientific American article.[26] They have conducted research in collaboration with many renowned magicians, including Teller from Penn & Teller, Mac King, James Randi, and Apollo Robbins. Macknik and Martinez-Conde’s neuromagic research is the focus of their award-winning book and international bestseller Sleights of Mind. Cerebral blood flow and neurological diseasePopular science writingSleights of Mind: What the Neuroscience of Magic Reveals About our Everyday DeceptionsMacknik's book Sleights of Mind,[27] co-written with Susana Martinez-Conde and Sandra Blakeslee, is an international bestseller published in 19 languages. In the New York Times Sunday Book Review, J.J. Abrams described Sleights of Mind as one of his favorite books and "a very cool read."[28] Sleights of Mind was listed as one of the 36 Best Books of the year by The Evening Standard, London, and received the Prisma Prize to the Best Science Book of the year. Champions of IllusionMacknik and Martinez-Conde's upcoming book, Champions of Illusion,[29][30] will be published by Scientific American/Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Illusions Column in Scientific American: MindMacknik and Martinez-Conde write a regular column for Scientific American: MIND[31] on the neuroscience and perception of illusions. Their collected articles were published in two Scientific American special issues, in 2010 and 2013. Illusion Chasers blogMacknik and Martinez-Conde write the Illusion Chasers[32] blog, on "Illusions, Delusions, and Everyday Deceptions,"[32] for the Scientific American Blog Network. Other writingMacknik has written for The Times, Odyssey, Muse,[33] and Scientific American.[34] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.downstate.edu/ophthalmology/faculty/macknik.html|title=Department of Ophthalmology Faculty – Stephen L. Macknik, PhD|website=www.downstate.edu}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NO2Lw_YAAAAJ&hl=en|title=Stephen Macknik on Google Scholar|accessdate=March 12, 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://illusionoftheyear.com/about-the-contest/|title=About the Neural Correlate Society (NCS)|accessdate=March 12, 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hms.harvard.edu/dms/alumni/classnotes.php|title=Division of Medical Sciences|website=www.hms.harvard.edu}} 5. ^http://www.seaburyhall.org/page.cfm?p=1448 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.downstate.edu/ophthalmology/faculty/macknik.html|title=Faculty Profile, SUNY Downstate|accessdate=March 12, 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=https://peerj.com/academic-boards/editors/?page=43|title=PeerJ - Academic Editors|website=peerj.com}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.downstate.edu/ophthalmology/faculty/macknik.html|title=SUNY Downstate Faculty Profile mentioning Empire Innovator Award.|accessdate=March 12, 2015}} 9. ^https://www.aesnet.org/research/funding%20for%20established%20investigators/2013%20established%20investigators%20award%20recipients 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://smc.neuralcorrelate.com/eyetrack-award/|title=The EyeTrack Award|accessdate=March 12, 2015}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/12/science/12magic.html|title=Scientists and Magicians Describe How Tricks Exploit Glitches in Perception|first=Benedict|last=Carey|date=11 August 2008|publisher=|newspaper=The New York Times}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/01/07/a-pickpockets-tale|title=A Pickpocket's Tale|first=Adam|last=Green|date=31 December 2012|publisher=|via=www.newyorker.com}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/informedreader/2007/07/17/eye-twitching-might-be-necessary-for-seeing/|title=Eye-Twitching Might Be Necessary for Seeing|last=editor|date=17 July 2007|publisher=}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB118472830199370042|title=Informed Reader|date=18 July 2007|publisher=|via=www.wsj.com}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/02/this-is-your-brain-on-magic/385468/|title=How Magicians Fool Your Brain|first=Cari|last=Romm|date=13 February 2015|website=The Atlantic}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2009-03-10-0903090633-story.html|title=Science's new bag of tricks|first=Robert|last=Mitchum|website=chicagotribune.com}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://archive.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2008/08/03/how_magicians_control_your_mind/?page=full|title=How magicians control your mind|first=Drake|last=Bennett|publisher=|via=The Boston Globe}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kpbs.org/news/2011/jan/31/nova-sciencenow-how-does-brain-work/|title=NOVA scienceNOW: How Does The Brain Work?|website=KPBS Public Media}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-science-of-magic-not-just-hocus-pocus/|title=The Science of Magic: Not Just Hocus-Pocus|first1=C. B. S.|last1=November 1|last2=2009|first3=8:46|last3=Am|website=www.cbsnews.com}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=93465269|title=The Science Behind Sleight Of Hand|website=NPR.org}} 21. ^http://www.pri.org/stories/2010-12-29/learning-about-brain-magic 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/when-scientists-are-mad-about-each-other/|title=When scientists are mad about each other. Scientific American|accessdate=March 12, 2015}} 23. ^{{cite journal|title=Attention and awareness in stage magic: turning tricks into research|first1=Susana|last1=Martinez-Conde|first2=John|last2=Thompson|last3=Teller|first4=Apollo|last4=Robbins|first5=James|last5=Randi|first6=Mac|last6=King|first7=Stephen L.|last7=Macknik|date=1 November 2008|publisher=|journal=Nature Reviews Neuroscience|volume=9|issue=11|pages=871–879|doi=10.1038/nrn2473|pmid = 18949833}} 24. ^{{cite journal | pmc = 1282175 | pmid=16282374 | doi=10.1073/pnas.0508010102 | volume=102 | issue=47 | title=Visibility, visual awareness, and visual masking of simple unattended targets are confined to areas in the occipital cortex beyond human V1/V2 | year=2005 | journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | pages=17178–83 |vauthors=Tse PU, Martinez-Conde S, Schlegel AA, Macknik SL }} 25. ^http://www.sciencewriters2011.org/speakers/susana-martinez-conde-phd.html 26. ^{{cite web |url=http://smc.neuralcorrelate.com/files/publications/martinez-conde_macknik_sciam08.pdf|title=Magic and Your Brain. Scientific American|accessdate=March 12, 2015}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sleightsofmind.com/|title=Sleights of Mind - What the Neuroscience of Magic Reveals About Our Everyday Deceptions|publisher=}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/27/books/review/j-j-abrams-by-the-book.html|title=J. J. Abrams: By the Book|date=24 October 2013|publisher=|via=NYTimes.com}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/best-illusions-of-the-year/|title=Best Illusions of the Year|first=Stephen L. Macknik,Susana|last=Martinez-Conde|website=Scientific American}} 30. ^http://www.orights.com/books/865/ 31. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/store/archive/|title=Magazine|website=Scientific American}} 32. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/illusion-chasers/|title=Illusion Chasers|website=Scientific American Blog Network}} 33. ^http://smc.neuralcorrelate.com/files/publications/macknik_muse2011.pdf 34. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/stephen-l-macknik/|title=Stories by Stephen L. Macknik|website=Scientific American}} External link{{commonscatinline}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Macknik, Stephen}} 7 : SUNY Downstate Medical Center faculty|1968 births|Living people|Harvard University alumni|American neuroscientists|People from Dayton, Ohio|University of California, Santa Cruz alumni |
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