| 词条 | Sternarchella |
| 释义 |
| name = Sternarchella | image = | image_caption = | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Chordata | classis = Actinopterygii | ordo = Gymnotiformes | familia = Apteronotidae | genus = Sternarchella | genus_authority = C. H. Eigenmann, 1905 | type_species = Sternarchus schotti | type_species_authority = Steindachner, 1868 }}Sternarchella, the bulldog knifefish, is a genus of ghost knifefishes found at depths of {{convert|2-50|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} in the main channel of large rivers in South America.[1][2] Most are from the Amazon basin, but S. orthos is found both in the Amazon and Orinoco, S. orinoco is restricted to the Orinoco and S. curvioperculata restricted to the upper Paraná basin (however, the last species likely belongs in another genus, possibly Apteronotus).[2][3] They are often common in their habitat.[1][4] They have a blunt or pointed snout (none have the greatly elongated snout found in some other knifefish), reduced pigmentation and reach up to {{convert|18.5-40.5|cm|in|abbr=on|0}} in total length depending on the exact species involved.[1][2][5] They feed on invertebrates and small fish.[1] SpeciesThe following species are currently placed in this genus.[3][5] Two additional species, currently placed in their own genus Magosternarchus by FishBase,[6] arguably should be included in Sternarchella instead.[2][3][7]
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book | editor1=van der Sleen, P. | editor2=J.S. Albert | year=2017 | title=Field Guide to the Fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco, and Guianas | publisher=Princeton University Press | page=329 | isbn=978-0691170749 }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q3023469}}{{Gymnotiformes-stub}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite journal| author1=Evans, K.M. | author2=W.G.R. Crampton | author3=J.S. Albert | year=2017 | title=Taxonomic revision of the deep channel electric fish genus Sternarchella (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Apteronotidae), with descriptions of two new species | journal=Neotropical Ichthyology | volume=15 | issue=2 | page=e160168 | doi=10.1590/1982-0224-20160168 }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | author1=Eschmeyer, W.N. | author2=R. Fricke | author3=R. van der Laan | date=7 May 2018 | url=http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp |title=Catalog of Fishes | publisher=California Academy of Sciences |accessdate=7 May 2018 }} 4. ^1 Lundberg, J.G., Cox Fernandes, C., Campos-Da-Paz, R. & Sullivan, J.P. (2013): Sternarchella calhamazon n. sp., the Amazon’s most abundant species of apteronotid electric fish, with a note on the taxonomic status of Sternarchus capanemae Steindachner, 1868 (Gymnotiformes, Apteronotidae). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 162: 157-173. 5. ^1 {{FishBase genus | genus = Sternarchella| month = February | year = 2018}} 6. ^{{FishBase genus | genus = Magosternarchus| month = February | year = 2018}} 7. ^{{cite journal| author1=Ferraris Jr, C.J. | author2=C.D. de Santana | author3=R.P. Vari | year=2017 | title=Checklist of Gymnotiformes (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi) and catalogue of primary types | journal=Neotrop. Ichthyol. | volume=15 | issue=1 | doi=10.1590/1982-0224-20160067 }} 4 : Apteronotidae|Fish of South America|Freshwater fish genera|Taxa named by Carl H. Eigenmann |
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