| 词条 | Stevns Klint |
| 释义 |
| image = Stevns klint.jpg | image_upright = 1.2 | caption = | location = Stevns Municipality, Zealand, Denmark | criteria = {{UNESCO WHS type|(viii)}}(viii) | ID = 1416 | coordinates = {{coord|55|16|2|N|12|25|24|E|type:landmark_region:DK_dim:10000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | year = 2014 | area = {{convert|50|ha|acre|abbr=on}} | buffer_zone = {{convert|4,136|ha|acre|abbr=on}} | locmapin = Denmark Zealand#Denmark | map_caption = }} Stevns Klint is a white chalk cliff located some {{convert|6|km|abbr=on}} southeast of Store Heddinge on the Danish island of Zealand. Stretching {{convert|17|km|abbr=on}} along the coast, it is of geological importance as one of the best exposed Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) boundaries in the world.[1] Subject to frequent erosion, the cliff rises to a height of up to {{convert|40|m|abbr=on}}.[2] The cliffs are a UNESCO site. GeologyThe cliff reveals sections from the uppermost part of the Maastrichtian stage (72 to 66 million years ago) and from the lowermost part of the Danian stage (66 to 62 million years ago).[3] The dark layer of Fiskeler[4], mainly five to ten centimeters thick, clearly marks the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.[2] The Fiskeler is enriched in iridium, a fact used as an argument for the Alvarez hypothesis that the worldwide Cretaceous–Paleogene mass extinction was caused by the impact of an asteroid. The layers can also be seen deep in the tunnels of Stevnsfortet, a cold-war fortress constructed in 1953. The bryozoa chalk in the cliff is highly shock resistant to both conventional and nuclear weapons.[5] Cold War museumIn 2008 Cold War Museum Stevns Fortress opened to the public. It features a large exhibition of military equipment and a 1.5-hour guided tour in the large underground system of the fortress. The underground system of the fortress features {{convert|1.6|km}} of tunnels, living quarters and command centers, including a hospital and even a chapel. There are also two ammunition depots for its two {{convert|15|cm}} cannons. The tunnels are {{convert|18|–|20|m}} below the surface, dug deep into the chalk of Stevns. The top secret fortress was built in 1953 and remained operational until 2000.[6] Højerup ChurchThe old Højerup Church (Højerup Gamle Kirke) which stands at the top of the cliff dates from the year 1200. As a result of erosion, a landslide in 1928 caused the chancel to collapse and fall to the shore below. The cliff can be accessed via steps from the church. A new church completed in 1913 is located {{convert|300|m|abbr=on}} back from the cliff.[7] UNESCO listingOn 23 June 2014, it was announced that Stevns Klint and the Wadden Sea had been added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in Denmark.[8][9] See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5473/|title=Stevns Klint|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=23 June 2014 |language=}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.denstoredanske.dk/It,_teknik_og_naturvidenskab/Geologi_og_kartografi/Danmark,_Kridt/Stevns_Klint?highlight=stevns%20klint|title=Stevns Klint|publisher=Den Store Danske|accessdate=23 June 2014 |language=Danish}} 3. ^{{cite journal | url=http://2dgf.dk/xpdf/bull54.pdf | title=Stevns Klint, Denmark: Uppermost Maastrichtian chalk, Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, and lower Danian bryozoan mound complex | author=Surlyk F, Damholt T. & Bjerager M. | journal=Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark | year=2006 | volume=54 | pages=1-48}} 4. ^ A Danish word that is traditionally used by geologists as a label for this layer, parallel to its English translation "Fish Clay". It was given this name by the Danish geologist Johan Georg Forchhammer in 1825, as it contained scales and teeth from fish, but few other fossils. See Syrlyk, Damholt & Bjerager pages 29 and 31. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rotarynyt.dk/distrikter/distrikt1480/klubber/rotaryeclub1480denmark/presentations/gettoknowdistrict1480/coastalcliffstevnsklint/|title=Coastal Cliff Stevns Klint|publisher=Rotary Danmark|accessdate=|language=Danish}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.kalklandet.dk/english/stevns-klint/stevnsfort-cold-war-museum|title=Stevensfort Cold War Museum|publisher=Kalklanded|accessdate=23 June 2014 |language=}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Danmarks_geografi_og_historie/Danmarks_geografi/Sj%C3%A6lland/H%C3%B8jerup?highlight=H%C3%B8jerup%20Gamle%20Kirke|title=Højerup|publisher=Den Store Danske|accessdate=24 June 2014 |language=Danish}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dr.dk/Nyheder/Indland/2014/06/23/114019.htm|title=Stevns Klint og Vadehavet på Unesco-liste|publisher=Danmarks Radio|accessdate=23 June 2014 |language=Danish}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/news/1160|title=Six new sites inscribed on World Heritage List|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=23 June 2014 |language=}} External links{{Commons category|Stevns Klint}}{{Wikivoyage-inline|Stevns Cliff}}{{World Heritage Sites in the Kingdom of Denmark}} 5 : Cliffs of Denmark|Tourist attractions in Region Zealand|Geology of Denmark|Museums in Region Zealand|World Heritage Sites in Denmark |
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