| 词条 | Stibarsen | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Stibarsen | category = Arsenic minerals | boxwidth = | boxbgcolor = | image = Stibarsen-202015.jpg | imagesize = | caption = Size: 4.7×3.3×3.3 cm. | formula = AsSb | molweight = | system = Trigonal | class = Hexagonal scalenohedral ({{overline|3}}m) H-M symbol: ({{overline|3}} 2/m) | symmetry = R{{overline|3}}m (No. 166) Pearson symbol: hR6 | unit cell = a = 4.045, c = 10.961 [Å], Z = 6 | strunz = | color = White, gray, grayish white, reddish white | habit = Reniform ("kidney like") | twinning = | cleavage = Perfect | fracture = | tenacity = | mohs = 3–4 | luster = Metallic | refractive = | opticalprop = | pleochroism = | streak = grayish-black | gravity = 5.8–6.2 (meas.); 6.37 (calc.) | density = | melt = | fusibility = | diagnostic = | solubility = | diaphaneity = Opaque | other = Non-fluorescent, nonmagnetic | references = [1][2][3] }}Stibarsen or allemontite is a natural form of arsenic antimonide (AsSb) or antimony arsenide (SbAs). The name stibarsen is derived from Latin stibium (antimony) and arsenic, whereas allemonite refers to the locality Allemont in France where the mineral was discovered.[2][4] It is found in veins at Allemont, Isère, France; Valtellina, Italy; and the Comstock Lode, Nevada; and in a lithium pegmatites at Varuträsk, Sweden. Stibarsen is often mixed with pure arsenic or antimony,[5] and the original description in 1941 proposed to use stibarsen for AsSb and allemontite for the mixtures.[6] Since 1982, the International Mineralogical Association considers stibarsen as the correct mineral name.[8] StructureStibarsen has the same crystal structure as arsenic and antimony, with the intermediate values of the lattice parameters. This structure (space group R{{overline|3}}m No. 166) is variably described as hexagonal, trigonal and rhombohedral because of the overlap between these terms (see trigonal crystal system). Simulation of the X-ray diffraction intensities reveals that the Sb and As atoms form ordered (or partly ordered) sublattices in SbAs.[8] The atoms are arranged in warped graphite-like sheets, which extend normal to the c axis. Week bonding between the sheets accounts for the relatively low hardness of As, Sb and AsSb.
References{{commons category|Stibarsen}}{{commons category|Allemontite}}1. ^Stibarsen. Webmineral 2. ^1 Stibarsen. Mindat.org 3. ^Stibarsen. Handbook of mineralogy 4. ^Allemontite. Mindat.org 5. ^allemontite. Encyclopædia Britannica on-line 6. ^Michael Fleischer "New mineral names" American Mineralogist 26 (1941) 456 7. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1143/JPSJ.56.3417|title=Pressure-Induced Rhombohedral-Simple Cubic Structural Phase Transition in As|year=1987|last1=Kikegawa|first1=Takumi|last2=Iwasaki|first2=Hiroshi|journal=Journal of the Physical Society of Japan|volume=56|issue=10|pages=3417}} 8. ^1 2 Peter Bayliss Crystal chemistry and crystallography of some minerals in the tetradymite group American Mineralogist, 76 (1991) 257–265 9. ^{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0925-8388(96)02709-0|title=Solid state phase equilibria in the Pt–Sb–Te system|year=1997|last1=Kim|first1=Won-Sa|journal=Journal of Alloys and Compounds|volume=252|pages=166 }} 3 : Arsenic minerals|Trigonal minerals|Native element minerals |
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