| 词条 | Stripper (agriculture) |
| 释义 |
DescriptionThe stripper plucks the ears of grain (generally wheat) without winnowing, and leaving the straw standing. The first strippers were drawn by bullocks and consisted of a large, wheeled, box-like machine with a row of spiked prongs in front and with a long pole at the back of the machine for steering. It had the advantage over the early reaper machines in being able to reap more quickly (of benefit in a hot climate) and having fewer components subject to wearing out.[2] The first strippers were improved by adding a beater to knock the heads off the stems. The machines became headers. Later headers had reciprocating cutter bars at the back of the combs to cut the stems just short of the heads[3]. [4] A stripper-harvester also winnowed the grain, removing the chaff. Notable manufacturers were Sunshine Harvester, J. and D. Shearer and Mellor Bros. (who specialised in "bike strippers", ie. light enough to be drawn by a bicycle). Evolution of the headerThe Gallic reaper that is seen in Roman times, in the first three centuries of the current era led to the stripper developed in the 19th century. The Gallic reaper had a comb at the front to collect grain heads. An operator would knock the heads into a tray for collection.[5] The stripper developed in South Australia used the principles, with a comb at the front, using a mechanical beater to knock the heads off. Later innovations were including a cutter bar similar to the binder reaper and an elevator to lift the heads into a storage bin for later threshing. The combined header-harvester added the winnower to thresh the grain from the heads. SourcesThe Australian National Dictionary Oxford University Press 1988 {{ISBN|0 19 554736 5}} References1. ^{{Citation | author1=Jones, LJ | title=Engineering Considerations in an Historical Argument – the Ridley-Bull 'Stripper' Controversy | journal=Second National Conference on Engineering Heritage "The Value of Engineering Heritage": Preprints of Papers | publication-date=1985 | publisher=Institution of Engineers, Australia | pages=79–84 | isbn=978-0-85825-250-9 }} 2. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article89781130 |title=Stripper versus Harvester |newspaper=The Leader |location=Melbourne |date=18 May 1918 |accessdate=27 July 2013 |page=8 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 3. ^{{Cite book|title=Manual of Australian Agriculture|last=Read|first=Robert L|publisher=Butterworths|year=1990|isbn=0 409 30946 X|location=Sydney|pages=683}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://collection.maas.museum/object/211927|title=Sunshine header-harvester|last=|first=|date=|website=Museum of Applied Arts and Science|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=29 July 2018}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.gnrtr.com/Generator.html?pi=208&cp=3|title=History of the Gallic Reaper|last=Chuksin|first=Petr|date=23 January 2006|website=History of Gallic Reaper Evolution Agriculture|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=29 July 2018}} 1 : Agricultural machinery |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。