| 词条 | The survival lottery |
| 释义 |
The Survival Lottery is a thought experiment, proposed by the philosopher John Harris. The basis of the idea is to ask people to imagine if organ donation were expected to save more individuals than it would kill. Hypothetically all individuals are assigned a number and drawn out of lottery when a donation is needed, and are expected to give up their lives to allow two or more people to live. Arguments forThe argument for the survival lottery can be as follows:
The article is a direct challenge to the belief that there is a difference between killing and letting die, and an exploration of the moral consequences that follow from this. The utilitarian philosopher John Stuart Mill defends Harris's proposal and explains it using the three utilitarian principles: happiness, impartiality and consequences. Assumptions the "survival lottery" relies onThe survival lottery relies on the following assumptions:
Arguments AgainstOne or more of these assumptions can be proven false and disarm the survival lottery thought experiment by proving that while killing and letting die can be determined as equal (hypothetically), the actual lives involved cannot be determined as equal, nor that multiple lives saved are greater than one life lost. Sources
See also{{DEFAULTSORT:Survival lottery, The}} 1 : Thought experiments in ethics |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。