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词条 Tachyon (software)
释义

  1. Evolution and Features

  2. Use in Parallel Computing Demonstrations, Training, and Benchmarking

  3. See also

  4. External links

  5. References

{{Infobox software
| name =PAGENAME
| title = Tachyon
| logo =
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| author = John E. Stone
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| programming language = C
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| genre = Ray tracing/3D rendering software
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| website = {{URL|http://jedi.ks.uiuc.edu/~johns/tachyon/}}
}}

Tachyon is a parallel/multiprocessor ray tracing software. It is a parallel ray tracing library for use on distributed memory parallel computers, shared memory computers, and clusters of workstations. Tachyon implements rendering features such as ambient occlusion lighting, depth-of-field focal blur, shadows, reflections, and others. It was originally developed for the Intel iPSC/860 by John Stone for his M.S. thesis at University of Missouri-Rolla.[1] Tachyon subsequently became a more functional and complete ray tracing engine, and it is now incorporated into a number of other open source software packages such as VMD, and SageMath. Tachyon is released under a permissive license (included in the tarball).

Evolution and Features

Tachyon was originally developed for the Intel iPSC/860, a distributed memory parallel computer based on a hypercube interconnect topology based on the Intel i860, an early RISC CPU with VLIW architecture and . Tachyon was originally written using Intel's proprietary NX message passing interface for the iPSC series, but it was ported to the earliest versions of MPI shortly thereafter in 1995. Tachyon was adapted to run on the Intel Paragon platform using the Paragon XP/S 150 MP at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The ORNL XP/S 150 MP was the first platform Tachyon supported that combined both large-scale distributed memory message passing among nodes, and shared memory multithreading within nodes. Adaptation of Tachyon to a variety of conventional Unix-based workstation platforms and early clusters followed, including porting to the IBM SP2. Tachyon was incorporated into the PARAFLOW CFD code to allow in-situ volume visualization of supersonic combustor flows performed on the Paragon XP/S at NASA Langley Research Center, providing a significant performance gain over conventional post-processing visualization approaches that had been used previously.[2] Beginning in 1999, support for Tachyon was incorporated into the molecular graphics program VMD, and this began an ongoing period co-development of Tachyon and VMD where many new Tachyon features were added specifically for molecular graphics. Tachyon was used to render the winning image illustration category for the NSF 2004 Visualization Challenge.[3] In 2007, Tachyon added support for ambient occlusion lighting, which was one of the features that made it increasingly popular for molecular visualization in conjunction with VMD. VMD and Tachyon were gradually adapted to support routine visualization and analysis tasks on clusters, and later for large petascale supercomputers. Tachyon was used to produce figures, movies, and the Nature cover image of the atomic structure of the HIV-1 capsid solved by Zhao et al. in 2013, on the Blue Waters petascale supercomputer at NCSA, U. Illinois.[4][5]

Use in Parallel Computing Demonstrations, Training, and Benchmarking

Owing in part to its portability to a diverse range of platforms Tachyon has been used as a test case for a variety of parallel computing and compiler research articles.

In 1999, John Stone assisted Bill Magro with adaptation of Tachyon to support early versions of the OpenMP directive-based parallel computing standard, using Kuck and Associates' KCC compiler. Tachyon was shown as a demo performing interactive ray tracing on DEC Alpha workstations using KCC and OpenMP.

In 2000, Intel acquired Kuck and Associates Inc.,[6] and Tachyon continued to be used as an OpenMP demonstration. Intel later used Tachyon to develop a variety of programming examples for its Threading Building Blocks (TBB) parallel programming system, where an old version of the program continues to be incorporated as an example to the present day.[7][8]

In 2006, Tachyon was selected by the SPEC HPG for inclusion in the [https://www.spec.org/mpi2007/ SPEC MPI 2007] benchmark suite.[9][10]

Beyond Tachyon's typical use as tool for rendering high quality images, likely due to its portability and inclusion in SPEC MPI 2007, it has also been used as a test case and point of comparison for a variety of research projects related to parallel rendering and visualization,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] cloud computing,[21][22][23][24][25] and parallel computing,[26][27][28] compilers,[29][30][31][32] runtime systems,[33][34] and computer architecture,[35][36][37] performance analysis tools,[38][39][40] and energy efficiency of HPC systems.[41][42][43]

See also

  • Visual Molecular Dynamics

External links

{{Commons category|Tachyon (software)}}
  • Tachyon Parallel/Multiprocessor Ray Tracing System website
  • Tachyon ray tracer (built into VMD)
  • John Stone's M.S. thesis describing the earliest versions of Tachyon

References

1. ^{{Cite journal|url = http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/masters_theses/1747/|title = An Efficient Library for Parallel Ray Tracing and Animation|journal = Masters Theses|date = January 1998|access-date = |last = Stone|first = John E.}}
2. ^{{Cite book|title = Rendering of numerical flow simulations using MPI|journal = MPI Developer's Conference, 1996. Proceedings., Second|date = 1996-07-01|pages = 138–141|doi = 10.1109/MPIDC.1996.534105|first = J.|last = Stone|first2 = M.|last2 = Underwood|isbn = 978-0-8186-7533-1|citeseerx = 10.1.1.27.4822}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/scivis/winners_2004.jsp#illustration|title = Water Permeation Through Aquaporins.|date = |access-date = |website = Emad Tajkhorshid, Klaus Schulten, Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|publisher = |last = |first = }}
4. ^{{Cite journal|title = Mature HIV-1 capsid structure by cryo-electron microscopy and all-atom molecular dynamics|journal = Nature|pmc = 3729984|pmid = 23719463|pages = 643–646|volume = 497|issue = 7451|doi = 10.1038/nature12162|first = Gongpu|last = Zhao|first2 = Juan R.|last2 = Perilla|first3 = Ernest L.|last3 = Yufenyuy|first4 = Xin|last4 = Meng|first5 = Bo|last5 = Chen|first6 = Jiying|last6 = Ning|first7 = Jinwoo|last7 = Ahn|first8 = Angela M.|last8 = Gronenborn|first9 = Klaus|last9 = Schulten|bibcode = 2013Natur.497..643Z|year = 2013}}
5. ^{{Cite book|title = Early experiences scaling VMD molecular visualization and analysis jobs on blue waters|journal = Extreme Scaling Workshop (XSW), 2013|date = 2013-08-01|pages = 43–50|doi = 10.1109/XSW.2013.10|first = J.E.|last = Stone|first2 = B.|last2 = Isralewitz|first3 = K.|last3 = Schulten|isbn = 978-1-4799-3691-5|citeseerx = 10.1.1.396.3545}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/2000/cn040600.htm|title = Intel To Acquire Kuck & Associates. Acquisition Expands Intel's Capabilities in Software Development Tools for Multiprocessor Computing|date = |access-date = January 30, 2016|website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
7. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.threadingbuildingblocks.org/|title = Intel® Threading Building Blocks (Intel® TBB)|date = |access-date = January 30, 2016|website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
8. ^{{Cite web|url = https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/parallel-for-tachyon|title = Parallel for -Tachyon|date = 2009-03-09|access-date = January 30, 2016|website = |publisher = Intel Corporation|last = |first = }}
9. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.spec.org/auto/mpi2007/Docs/122.tachyon.html|title = 122.tachyon SPEC MPI2007 Benchmark Description|date = |access-date = January 30, 2016|website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
10. ^{{Cite journal|title = SPEC MPI2007—an application benchmark suite for parallel systems using MPI|journal = Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience|pages = n/a|doi = 10.1002/cpe.1535|year = 2009|last1 = Mã¼Ller|first1 = Matthias S.|last2 = Van Waveren|first2 = Matthijs|last3 = Lieberman|first3 = Ron|last4 = Whitney|first4 = Brian|last5 = Saito|first5 = Hideki|last6 = Kumaran|first6 = Kalyan|last7 = Baron|first7 = John|last8 = Brantley|first8 = William C.|last9 = Parrott|first9 = Chris|last10 = Elken|first10 = Tom|last11 = Feng|first11 = Huiyu|last12 = Ponder|first12 = Carl}}
11. ^{{Cite journal|title = Parallel visualization of large data sets|date = 2000-01-01|pages = 135–143|volume = 3960|doi = 10.1117/12.378889|first = Robert O.|last = Rosenberg|first2 = Marco O.|last2 = Lanzagorta|first3 = Almadena|last3 = Chtchelkanova|first4 = Alexei|last4 = Khokhlov|series = Visual Data Exploration and Analysis VII}}
12. ^{{Cite web|url = http://lawlor.cs.uaf.edu/~olawlor/academic/thesis/lawlor_thesis.pdf|title = IMPOSTORS FOR PARALLEL INTERACTIVE COMPUTER GRAPHICS|date = |access-date = January 30, 2016|website = |publisher = M.S., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001|last = Lawlor|first = Orion Sky}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.cs.uaf.edu/sw/mpiglut/mpiglut_2008wscg.pdf|title = Lawlor, Orion Sky, Matthew Page, and Jon Genetti. "MPIglut: powerwall programming made easier." (2008).|date = |access-date = January 30, 2016|website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
14. ^{{Cite journal|title = Toward the Graphics Turing Scale on a Blue Gene Supercomputer|journal = |arxiv = 0801.1500 |date = 2008-01-09|first = Michael|last = McGuigan|bibcode = 2008arXiv0801.1500M}}
15. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.cs.uaf.edu/~olawlor/papers/2010/aurora/lawlor_aurora_2010.pdf|title = Lawlor, Orion Sky, and Joe Genetti. "Interactive volume rendering aurora on the GPU." (2011).|date = |access-date = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
16. ^{{Cite book|title = Object-space ambient occlusion for molecular dynamics|journal = Visualization Symposium (PacificVis), 2012 IEEE Pacific|date = 2012-02-01|pages = 209–216|doi = 10.1109/PacificVis.2012.6183593|first = S.|last = Grottel|first2 = M.|last2 = Krone|first3 = K.|last3 = Scharnowski|first4 = T.|last4 = Ertl|isbn = 978-1-4673-0866-3}}
17. ^{{Cite book|title = Early experiences scaling VMD molecular visualization and analysis jobs on blue waters|journal = Extreme Scaling Workshop (XSW), 2013|date = 2013-08-01|pages = 43–50|doi = 10.1109/XSW.2013.10|first = J.E.|last = Stone|first2 = B.|last2 = Isralewitz|first3 = K.|last3 = Schulten|isbn = 978-1-4799-3691-5|citeseerx = 10.1.1.396.3545}}
18. ^{{Cite book|title = GPU-accelerated Molecular Visualization on Petascale Supercomputing Platforms|publisher = ACM|journal = Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Ultrascale Visualization|date = 2013-01-01|location = New York, NY, USA|isbn = 9781450325004|pages = 6:1–6:8|series = UltraVis '13|doi = 10.1145/2535571.2535595|first = John E.|last = Stone|first2 = Kirby L.|last2 = Vandivort|first3 = Klaus|last3 = Schulten}}
19. ^{{Cite web|url = http://sc14.supercomputing.org/sites/all/themes/sc14/files/archive/sci_vis/sci_vis_files/svs115s3-file4.pdf|title = Sener, Melih, et al. "Visualization of Energy Conversion Processes in a Light Harvesting Organelle at Atomic Detail."|date = |access-date = January 30, 2016|website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
20. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.iiisci.org/Journal/CV$/sci/pdfs/I462RV.pdf|title = Zhuang, Khadka Prashantand Yu, Upakarasamy Lourderaj, and William L. Hase. "A Grid-based Cyber infrastructure for High Performance Chemical Dynamics Simulations."|date = |access-date = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
21. ^{{Cite book|title = Adding the Easy Button to the Cloud with SnowFlock and MPI|publisher = ACM|journal = Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Workshop on System-level Virtualization for High Performance Computing|date = 2009-01-01|location = New York, NY, USA|isbn = 9781605584652|pages = 1–8|series = HPCVirt '09|doi = 10.1145/1519138.1519139|first = Philip|last = Patchin|first2 = H. Andrés|last2 = Lagar-Cavilla|first3 = Eyal|last3 = de Lara|first4 = Michael|last4 = Brudno|citeseerx = 10.1.1.534.7880}}
22. ^{{Cite book|title = Embedded Processor Virtualization for Broadband Grid Computing|journal = 2011 12th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Grid Computing (GRID)|date = 2011-09-01|pages = 145–156|doi = 10.1109/Grid.2011.27|first = R.|last = Neill|first2 = L.P.|last2 = Carloni|first3 = A.|last3 = Shabarshin|first4 = V.|last4 = Sigaev|first5 = S.|last5 = Tcherepanov|isbn = 978-1-4577-1904-2|citeseerx = 10.1.1.421.5483}}
23. ^{{Cite journal|title = A Workflow Engine for Computing Clouds, Daniel Franz, Jie Tao, Holger Marten, and Achim Streit. CLOUD COMPUTING 2011 : The Second International Conference on Cloud Computing, GRIDs, and Virtualization.|pages = 1–6|publisher = |last = |first = |citeseerx = 10.1.1.456.6480|year = 2011}}
24. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.chinacloud.cn/upload/2012-08/12080207287134.pdf|title = Tao, Jie, et al. "An Implementation Approach for Inter-Cloud Service Combination." International Journal on Advances in Software 5.1&2 (2012): 65-75.|date = |access-date = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
25. ^{{Cite journal|title = Heterogeneous Cloud Systems Based on Broadband Embedded Computing - Academic Commons|journal = Columbia University|url = http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/catalog/ac:188870|doi = 10.7916/d8hh6jg1|year = 2013|last1 = Neill|first1 = Richard W.}}
26. ^{{Cite web|url = http://queens.scholarsportal.info/ojs/index.php/PCEEA/article/download/3110/3048|title = Manjikian, Naraig. "Exploring Multiprocessor Design and Implementation Issues with In-Class Demonstrations." Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (2010).|date = |access-date = January 30, 2016|website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
27. ^{{Cite journal|title = Multicore Desktop Programming with Intel Threading Building Blocks|journal = IEEE Software|date = 2011-01-01|issn = 0740-7459|pages = 23–31|volume = 28|issue = 1|doi = 10.1109/MS.2011.12|first = Wooyoung|last = Kim|first2 = M.|last2 = Voss}}
28. ^{{Cite book|title = Hierarchical Local Storage: Exploiting Flexible User-Data Sharing Between MPI Tasks|journal = Parallel Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS), 2012 IEEE 26th International|date = 2012-05-01|pages = 366–377|doi = 10.1109/IPDPS.2012.42|first = M.|last = Tchiboukdjian|first2 = P.|last2 = Carribault|first3 = M.|last3 = Perache|isbn = 978-1-4673-0975-2}}
29. ^{{Cite book|title = Control Flow Optimization in Loops Using Interval Analysis|publisher = ACM|journal = Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Compilers, Architectures and Synthesis for Embedded Systems|date = 2008-01-01|location = New York, NY, USA|isbn = 9781605584690|pages = 157–166|series = CASES '08|doi = 10.1145/1450095.1450120|first = Mohammad Ali|last = Ghodrat|first2 = Tony|last2 = Givargis|first3 = Alex|last3 = Nicolau|citeseerx = 10.1.1.144.7693}}
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