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词条 Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum
释义

  1. {{anchor|Museum of Science and Industry}}History

  2. Collections

      Aircraft    Locomotives    Trams    Cars   Steam engines   Other machines  

  3. Displays

  4. Surroundings

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}{{Use British English|date=August 2015}}{{Infobox museum
| name = Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum
| image = Thinktank Science Garden.jpg
| imagesize = 300
| caption = The Science Garden at Thinktank
| alt =
| map_type =
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|52.482908|-1.886058|type:landmark_region:GB-BIR|display=inline,title}}
| established = {{Start date|df=yes|2001}}
| dissolved =
| location = Millennium Point, Birmingham, England
| type = Science and industry
| collection =
| visitors = 230,830 (2017)[1]
| director =
| president =
| curator =
| publictransit =
| car_park =
| network =
| website = {{URL|www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/thinktank}}}}

Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum (formerly known as simply Thinktank) is a science museum in Birmingham, England. Opened in 2001, it is part of Birmingham Museums Trust and is located within the Millennium Point complex on Curzon Street, Digbeth.

{{anchor|Museum of Science and Industry}}History

{{further|Elkington Silver Electroplating Works#Museum of Science and Industry}}

The Birmingham Collection of Science & Industry was started in the mid-19th century, initially consisting of collections of weapons from the gun trade and the Birmingham Proof House. The Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery opened in 1885, including science collections. In 1951 the Museum of Science and Industry opened at Elkington Silver Electroplating Works, Newhall Street. Over the following years, the museum acquired individual artefacts, as well as entire collections, that were related to local industry and the history of science and technology.[2]

Birmingham City Council decided in 1995 to relocate the museum[3] when it was given an opportunity by the Millennium Commission to construct a new building.[4] At the time, the old building was falling into a state of disrepair, and many of the artefacts were no longer in working order.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} The former museum closed in 1997,[2] and Thinktank opened on 29 September 2001 as part of the £114-million Millennium Point complex. It was funded by Birmingham City Council, supported by the Millennium Commission.[8] The area adjacent to the building is designated Eastside City Park.[9] While many objects were put on display at Thinktank, others were stored at the Birmingham Museum Collection Centre, and some were brought out of storage.[2]

Although the previous science museum was free to enter, Thinktank charges an entrance fee. In 2005 the museum underwent a £2 million upgrade, including the installation of a planetarium.[12] By 2007 it had received over 1 million visitors.[8] In April 2012, Birmingham Museums Trust took over governance and management responsibility for Thinktank, along with eight other sites.[14]

In March 2015, a new "Spitfire gallery" opened, relating the displayed aircraft to their production, locally.[2] Among the new exhibits are a leather flying helmet previously belonging to Helen Kerly, one of only two British civilian women commended for flying during the Second World War.[3]

Collections

Aircraft

PhotoItemDescription
Supermarine Spitfire Mark IXc ML 427, built in 1944, gifted by the Air Ministry in 1958.[17] Suspended from ceiling.[18] It was one of around 10,000 Spitfires that were manufactured at Castle Bromwich.[19]
Hawker Hurricane Mark IV Number KX829. Built in 1943 by Hawker Aircraft Ltd, later owned by Loughborough College of Technology and given to the museum in 1961.[20] Suspended from ceiling.[18]

Locomotives

PhotoItemDescription
46235 City of Birmingham[18] A LMS Princess Coronation Class steam locomotive, built in 1939, and given by the British Railways Board to the museum upon withdrawal in 1966.[20]

Trams

PhotoItemDescription
Birmingham Corporation Tramways tram 395 The only surviving Birmingham tram.[24]

Cars

PhotoItemDescription
Railton Mobil Special[18]
Mercedes Benz car[24] Manufactured by Star Motor Company, Wolverhampton, in 1898, given to the museum in 1965.[27]
Lanchester petrol-electric car Designed and manufactured by Frederick William Lanchester in 1926. Given to the museum in 1961.[20]
Austin Seven Austin Seven Tourer car, Registration number XO 4133. Built in 1923, owned by the factory until 1944 before passing to private ownership, given to the museum in 1975.[24][30] It is the ninth oldest example of the ~300 remaining.[19]
Morris Mini-Minor Registration number XEW 583, built in 1959, purchased by the museum in 1982.[24][27]

Steam engines

Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum has a big collection of Steam engines. The following are some examples of them:

PhotoItemDescription
Wililam Murdock's model steam carriage 1784
Belliss Steam Generator Dating from 1891, designed by Albert Charles Pain and Alfred Morcom, given by Belliss & Morcom Ltd in 1982.[34]
Crossley Vertical Atmospheric Gas Engine Dating from 1873, designed by Eugen Langen and Nicolaus August Otto, given by T A W Clarke Ltd in 1976.[34]
Galloway Uniflow Engine Dating from 1924, designed by Johann Stumpf, given by Hovis Ltd in 1956.[34]
Corliss Mill engine A horizontal tandem compound steam, with Corliss valve gear. Made by Pollitt & Wigzell of Sowerby Bridge, West Yorkshire, England. Formerly at the University of Manchester.[4]
Easton & Amos pumping engine Used from 1894 until the mid-1950s, at the Old Kent Road Gas Works, London, for pumping coal gas.
Murray's Hypocycloidal Engine Made around 1802,[38] third-oldest working engine in the world.[24] Given by N. Hingley & Sons Ltd in 1961.[38]
Smethwick Engine The oldest working engine in the world,[18] designed and built by James Watt in 1779, and in use until 1891. The engine was donated by Birmingham Canal Company to the museum in 1959. It was awarded a heritage award plaque by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 2014. It is run on steam power for several days each year, and its water lifting feature is demonstrated daily.[42]
Steam Pumping Engine 'Rollit' Built in 1883, manufactured by James Watt & Co, Birmingham, given in 1958.[34] Named for Albert Rollit, Mayor of Hull.

Other machines

Woolrich generator The world's first heavy electrical machine[24]
Button shank making machine One of the earliest machines that was designed to manufacture a specific product.[24] Designed by Ralph Heaton in 1794, powered by steam, and made nearly 750,000 button shanks a day back in 1851.[19]

Displays

Thinktank has four floors of over 200 hands-on exhibits and artefacts. Each floor has a theme, in general going from the past, in The Past (Level 0), through The Balcony (Level 1) and The Present (Level 2), to the future, in The Future gallery (Level 3).[5]

Photo Level Gallery Description
0: The past Boulton and Watt Display of objects relating to James Watt, Matthew Boulton, William Murdoch and associates, including other members of the Lunar Society
0: The past Move It[18] The gallery includes a pair of robots that display how a car is spot-welded during construction.{{Citation needed>date=February 2007}}
0: The past Power Up[18] There is a display further on in the exhibition explaining the history of Boulton and Watt, and how they developed their engines. Other steam engines in this exhibition are those that have been used for pumping sewage, generating electricity, agricultural work and teaching. There is also a display explaining how power is currently generated by a steam turbine.{{citation needed>date=March 2015}}
1: The balcony We made it This gallery contains over 20 interactive exhibits and 1200 objects showing the history of Birmingham as "the workshop of the world", covering the production of everyday goods from raw materials to finished product. It is split into four sections: "Nuts and Bolts" on iron and steel goods, "Treasure" on precious metals and gemstones, "Tins and Things" on aluminium and decorative glass goods, and "Gadgets" on modern devices made of plastic and wood.[50]
1: The balcony Spitfire Gallery A new gallery focused on the Spitfire is now open.[51] It features a history of the Spitfire and its manufacture at Castle Bromwich, artefacts such as engine parts and flight suits, as well as hands-on exhibits including a model of a Rolls-Royce Merlin enigine, designed by Arthur John Rowledge (1876-1957). Unfortunately, due to its weight of over 900 kg, the museum's Griffon engine, fitted to later Spitfire versions, could not be put on display[52]
2: The Present Things About Me This exhibition is aimed at younger children, helping them to understand how their own body works, and how to keep it working. It is a bright and noisy gallery. There are small characters called TAMs (after the gallery name), who act as guides throughout the museum.[53]
2: The Present Wild Life This is a living history gallery containing insects, birds and mammals, as well as fossils.[53] Taxidermied animals include a polar bear,[55] a great auk and a pair of huia.[56] Skeletons include a giant deer.[57] Fossils include a Triceratops skull.[58]
2: The Present The Street The Street is designed to show visitors how science affects their everyday life, and how objects they see around them work.[53]
2: The Present Kids' City Kids' City is an exhibition that has been designed for small children, aged 7 and younger. It is more of a play area than a traditional exhibition, but also contains a garden with water feature, a health centre, café, and garage, as well as an animation studio featuring Shaun the Sheep.[53]
2: The Present Medicine MattersMedicine Matters is an exhibition that contains displays on modern medicine and medical breakthroughs,[53] including current medical practices and the moral dilemmas that occur, while other exhibits cover DNA, epilepsy, genetics, vaccination and personal health.{{citation needed>date=March 2015}}
3: The Future Futures The Futures gallery deals with the impact of science, technology and medicine, both at present and in the future.[62] The interactive gallery includes display screens, controlled with trackballs and buttons, with a "Futures" unit surrounding the space and a "Space Mapper" unit in the middle.[63] There is also a "Talking Point" area about future projections by scientists, as well as "Create an Alien" and "RoboThespian" exhibits.[62]
Science Garden The Science Garden is an interactive outdoor space with over 30 exhibits. It also includes an outdoor classroom for shows and school workshops. It is located in front of Thinktank, and forms part of the Eastside City Park.[9]
Planetarium[8] and the UK's first purpose-built digital planetarium.[19] Its opening coincided with the closure of the London Planetarium.[8] It has 70 seats, and the projection dome is {{convert>10|m|ft}} in diameter.[12] The main operating system is Digistar 3. Six 1400×1050 DLP projectors, each connected to a PC, work together to produce a hemispherical image 3200×3200 pixels in size.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} In its first year it received 60,000 visitors,[8] and in August 2014 it received 17,000 visitors.[71]

It is used to display stars as they would appear from on Earth at any point in time, and to simulate travel to the stars.[12] On 4 August 2014 it was used to project the night sky as it would have appeared on 3 August 1914, as part of a World War One memorial event.[73] Aside from projecting stars, digital planetariums can fill the dome with 360˚ of sound and video, and are therefore also known as immersive cinemas or 'fulldome' theatres.{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} The planetarium displays films about space and the night sky, the human body and undersea exploration, as well as music and light shows.[71][75] In September 2014 it was used to provide a live link with Tim Peake at a European Space Agency training camp as part of a British Association of Planetaria conference.[71]

Surroundings

The museum shares the Millennium Point building with Birmingham City University, and is situated in the Eastside district. It lies near Aston University and the Gun Quarter – which was for many years the centre of world's gun-manufacturing industry. Immediately opposite are The Woodman, a public house, and Curzon Street railway station - both listed buildings.

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=ALVA - Association of Leading Visitor Attractions|url=http://www.alva.org.uk/details.cfm?p=423|website=www.alva.org.uk|accessdate=3 May 2018}}
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.birminghampost.co.uk/news/local-news/first-look-birminghams-new-spitfire-8920883|title=First look at Birmingham's new Spitfire Gallery at Thinktank - Birmingham Post|last=Young|first=Graham|date=26 March 2015|accessdate=27 March 2015}}
3. ^{{cite news|last1=Cole|first1=Paul|title=Mystery of the Spitfire Heroine|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/MYSTERY+MYSTERY+OF+THE+OF+THE+SPITFIRE+SPITFIRE+HEROINE+HEROINE.-a0392609899|work=Birmingham Evening Post}}
4. ^Birmingham Museums Trust accession record 1955S00557
5. ^Thinktank What's On Leaflet, 2013
6. ^1 2 3 {{cite news | url=http://www.culture24.org.uk/places-to-go/west-midlands/birmingham/art32539 | title=State Of The Art Planetarium Opens At Birmingham's Thinktank | publisher=Culture24 | date=16 December 2005 | accessdate=5 March 2015}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book | author=Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Science and Technology Committee | title=The funding of science and discovery centres: eleventh report of session 2006-07, Vol. 2: Oral and written evidence | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vBxQzRlglEkC&pg=PA134 | date=22 October 2007 | publisher=The Stationery Office | isbn=978-0-215-03662-9 | pages=134–135 | accessdate=5 March 2015}}
8. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://www.commercialnewsmedia.com/archives/16955 | title=West Mids accountants appointed by largest independent museums trust | accessdate=5 March 2015 |date=22 July 2013 | publisher=Commercial News Media }}
9. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/chocks-away-spitfire-exhibition-birminghams-6677333 | title= Chocks away for Spitfire exhibition at Birmingham's Thinktank Museum | publisher=Birmingham Mail | date=6 February 2014 | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
10. ^1 {{cite news | url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/features/remember-take-part-ww1-memorial-3987208 | title=Remember to take part in the WW1 memorial event Lights Out today | publisher=The Mirror | date=4 August 2014 | accessdate=5 March 2015}}
11. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news | url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/11-amazing-things-thinktank-can-6855842 | title=11 amazing things the Thinktank can teach you about science in Birmingham | publisher=Birmingham Mail | date=20 March 2014 | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
12. ^1 2 3 {{cite news | url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/whats-on/arts-culture-news/live-link-up-british-astronaut-7727035 | title=Live link up with British astronaut at Birmingham science event | publisher=Birmingham Mail | date=5 September 2014 | first=Neil | last=Elkes | accessdate=5 March 2015}}
13. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://www.birminghampost.co.uk/news/local-news/spitfire-exhibition-open-birminghams-thinktank-8148383 | title=Spitfire exhibition to open at Birmingham's Thinktank | publisher=Birmingham Post | date=22 November 2014 | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
14. ^1 {{cite news | url=http://www.birminghampost.co.uk/news/local-news/worlds-oldest-working-steam-engine-8761947 | title= World's oldest working steam engine is Birmingham Museums Trust's Object of the Month for March | publisher=Birmingham Post | date=3 March 2015 | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
15. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/thinktank/highlights/planetarium | title=Planetarium | publisher=Thinktank | accessdate=5 March 2015}}
16. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/thinktank/highlights/science-garden | title=Science Garden | publisher=Thinktank | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
17. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web | url=http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/thinktank/highlights/discover-the-past | title=Discover the Past | publisher=Thinktank | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
18. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web | url=http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/thinktank/highlights/investigate-the-present | title=Investigate the Present | publisher=Thinktank | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
19. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/thinktank/highlights/find-the-future | title=Find the Future | publisher=Thinktank | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
20. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.birminghammuseums.org.uk/thinktank/highlights/we-made-it | title=We Made It | publisher=Thinktank | accessdate=7 March 2015}}
21. ^1 Birmingham Museums Trust accession catalogue. Accession number: 1959Z00458
22. ^1 Birmingham Museums Trust accession catalogue. Accession number: 1973Z00048
23. ^1 Birmingham Museums Trust accession catalogue. Accession number: 2001Z00065
24. ^1 Birmingham Museums Trust accession catalogue. Accession number: 1958G00003.00001
25. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web| url=http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=1&set=0| title=Engines (set 1)| publisher=Birmingham Stories| accessdate=7 March 2015| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402190855/http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=1&set=0| archivedate=2 April 2015| df=dmy-all}}
26. ^1 2 {{cite web| url=http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=1&set=6| title=Engines (set 2)| publisher=Birmingham Stories| accessdate=7 March 2015| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402123629/http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=1&set=6| archivedate=2 April 2015| df=dmy-all}}
27. ^1 {{cite web| url=http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=3&set=0| title=Transport (set 1)| publisher=Birmingham Stories| accessdate=7 March 2015| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402180005/http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=3&set=0| archivedate=2 April 2015| df=dmy-all}}
28. ^1 2 3 {{cite web| url=http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=3&set=6| title=Transport (set 2)| publisher=Birmingham Stories| accessdate=7 March 2015| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104900/http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=3&set=6| archivedate=2 April 2015| df=dmy-all}}
29. ^1 2 {{cite web| url=http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=3&set=12| title=Transport (set 3)| publisher=Birmingham Stories| accessdate=7 March 2015| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402160846/http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=3&set=12| archivedate=2 April 2015| df=dmy-all}}
30. ^1 {{cite web| url=http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=3&set=18| title=Transport (set 4)| publisher=Birmingham Stories| accessdate=7 March 2015| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402154609/http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/collection.php?cat=3&set=18| archivedate=2 April 2015| df=dmy-all}}
31. ^1 2 3 {{cite web | url=http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/our_collection.php | title=Our Collection | publisher=Birmingham Stories | accessdate=7 March 2015 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212233401/http://www.birminghamstories.co.uk/our_collection.php | archivedate=12 February 2015 | df=dmy-all }}
32. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-17738486.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329181554/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-17738486.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=29 March 2015|title=Archive of our city's great past|date=24 May 2001|work=Birmingham Evening Mail|subscription= yes |via=HighBeam Research|accessdate=20 February 2015}}
33. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-60789755|title=Future Looks Bright for Millennium Museum|date=4 February 1998|work=The Birmingham Post|subscription= yes |via=Questia Online Library|accessdate=20 February 2015}}
34. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://paulmaguire.me/projects/iso/33|title=Paul Maguire • biography • projects • thoughts • information|accessdate=19 January 2015}}
35. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=http://www.automuseums.info/united-kingdom/thinktank-birmingham-science-museum|title=Thinktank Birmingham Science Museum|work=Automuseums|accessdate=7 March 2015}}
[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]
}}

External links

{{Commons category|Thinktank, Birmingham}}
  • {{Official website}}
{{Thinktank, Birmingham}}

11 : Museums in Birmingham, West Midlands|Planetaria in the United Kingdom|Railway museums in England|Industry museums in England|Steam museums in England|Local museums in the West Midlands (county)|Transport museums in England|Technology museums in the United Kingdom|Science museums in England|Articles containing video clips|Industry in Birmingham, West Midlands
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