| 词条 | Tanner Graben | ||
| 释义 |
| name = Tanner Graben | photo = Colorado River from Desert View-1000px.jpeg | photo_size = 375px | photo_caption = View north, upriver, Temple and Chuar Buttes, on west bank of Colorado River, East Rim to photo right, and extending to center, top. Black Cardenas Basalt of Tanner Graben, at photo bottom-left, with layered Nankoweap Formation at Tanner Graben prominence. (Mile 68.5, Colorado River) | elevation_ft = 4200 | elevation_ref = —Lava Butte (Grand Canyon), {{convert|4242|ft|m|0}} | prominence_ft = | prominence_ref = | location = Grand Canyon, Colorado River, Mile 68.5, Desert View, (East Rim) | range = | parent_peak = | city = Desert View, Arizona | map = Arizona | map_caption = Location in Arizona (confluence of the Colorado and Little Colorado rivers) | label_position = right | coordinates = {{coord|36|06|14|N|111|50|02|W|type:mountain_region:US-AZ_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_ref = | range_coordinates = | topo = | type = Nankoweap Formation-(prominence), Cardenas Basalt & Dox Formation | first_ascent = | easiest_route = }} Located directly downstream of the Little Colorado River confluence with the Colorado River, the Tanner Graben, in the Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA is a prominence and cliffside rock formation below the East Rim. Tanner Graben is located riverside, on the Colorado River, on a north-northwest bank at Mile 68.5, and lies opposite Tanner Canyon. The Tanner Rapid, created by Tanner Creek lies at the riverside foot of the graben. The graben is a pronounced feature because of the black Cardenas Basalt that forms the middle section of the graben, presumably free of debris accumulation by its cliff face steepness, and winds, and airflow drainage that course through the Colorado River's canyons; unprotected side canyons of Cardenas Basalt show accumulations as a slope-forming geologic unit, with little showing of black basalt. The Tanner Graben sits on the Butte Fault which trends north-south up the Colorado River, and the west side of Temple Butte; it forms the east flank of Tanner Graben.[2] The Butte Fault is connected to the East Kaibab Monocline which trends north-south up the Colorado River, and turns north-northwest forming the east perimeter of the Kaibab Plateau, which lies due-north of the Tanner Graben region.[3] GeologyThe south face of the Tanner Graben block shows three distinct geology units, all conformably laid members of the Grand Canyon Supergroup-(and Unkar Group), and are at a paleo-tilted (fault) angle of about 15 degrees. The prominence is horizontal (15 degrees dip to ~north-northeast?) caprock section of distinctively, multi-layered Nankoweap Formation, which is unit 2 of the Grand Canyon Supergroup. The Nankoweap Formation is conformably laid on member units 5 and 4 of the Unkar Group, the lowest and first group of the Grand Canyon Supergroup. The black Cardenas Basalt, unit 5 makes up much of the Tanner Graben; it sits on erodable, softer, reddish, and layered-(inter-bedded) Dox Formation. The Dox Formation forms the west and east sides of the narrow southeast flank of the Tanner Graben, and shows its down-dropped distance. AccessViews of the Tanner Graben can be made from the Tanner Trail as it descends down the west ridgeline of the north-trending Tanner Canyon (Tanner Creek). The trail descends from Desert View, East Rim-(Desert View Watchtower), where many viewpoints along the East Rim look down to the Tanner Graben. Tanner Graben is 1.5 mi[4] west of Comanche Point, which is 3 mi north of Desert View, East Rim. Grand Canyon Supergroup geologic sequenceThe units of the Grand Canyon Supergroup:[5]
References{{commons category|Tanner Graben}}{{commons category|Nankoweap Formation}}{{commons category|Cardenas Lava}}{{commons category|Dox Formation}}1. ^Arizona Road & Recreation Atlas, Benchmark Maps, pp. 12-13. 2. ^Lucchitta, 2001. Hiking Arizona's Geology, Hike 3, Tanner Trail, pp. 76-82. pp. 80-81, Photo and graphic of photo, Butte Fault, and Tanner Graben. 3. ^Chronic, Halka. Roadside Geology of Arizona, from Section: "Grand Canyon National Park", pp. 279-287. Graphic, Faults of eastern Grand Canyon show a NW-SE trend superimposed on a NE-SW trend inherited from Precambrian time. In Grand Canyon these faults can be studied in three-dimensional detail. (about 35 faults shown), p. 286. 4. ^Arizona Road & Recreation Atlas, pp. 28-29, 62-63. 5. ^Lucchitta, 2001. Hiking Arizona's Geology, Fig. 9, Geologic section of the Grand Canyon showing its stratigraphy, p. 64. 6. ^Chronic. Roadside Geology of Arizona, graphic: Stratigraphic section of Paleozoic formations of the Colorado Plateau, p. 179.
External links
3 : Grand Canyon|Geology of Arizona|Landforms of Coconino County, Arizona |
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