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词条 Taxation in Hungary
释义

  1. History

  2. References

{{center|Hungary quick tax facts for Business (2017), Source: Deloitte.[1]}}
Corporate income tax rate9%
Branch tax rate9%
Minimum taxApplied to 2% of adjusted gross profit
Capital gains tax rate9%
Tax basisWorldwide income
Participation exemptionYes
Loss reliefCarryforward: Indefinite, but limitations apply
Carryback: Generally not available
Double taxation reliefYes
Tax consolidationFor VAT purposes
Transfer pricing rulesYes
Thin capitalization rulesYes (ratio 3:1)
Controlled foreign corp. rulesYes
Tax yearCalendar year,
but different fiscal year may be elected
Advance payment of taxMonthly/quarterly
Return due dateLast day of the fifth month
following of the end of the fiscal year
Withholding taxDividends: 0%
Interest: 0%
Royalties: 0%
Branch remittance tax: 0%
Social security contributions19.5% of gross wages for the employer
(from 2018)
Capital taxNo
Building tax/land taxMay apply at municipal level
Real estate transfer tax4% up to a value of HUF 1bn (€3.3 million)
and 2% on the excess,
capped at HUF 200 million (€0.65 million)
Local business taxmaximum 2% of net sales revenue
Innovation contribution0.3%
Financial transaction tax0.3% of transferred amount
maximum HUF 6000 (€20)
VAT27% (standard), 18%, 5%
Hungary quick tax facts for Individuals (2017), Source: Deloitte.[1]
Income tax rate15%
Capital gains tax rate15%
Tax basisWorldwide income
Double taxation reliefYes
Tax yearCalendar year
Return due date20 May
(Tax authority prepares it electronically
to everyone automatically)
Withholding taxDividends: 15%
Interest: 15%
Royalties: 15%
Healthcare contribution14% or 22% on some income
maximum annual HUF 450 000 (€1460)
Social security contributions18.5% of gross wages for the employee
Net wealth taxNo
Inheritance and gift tax9% or 18%
Real estate taxMay apply at municipal level
VAT27% (standard), 18%, 5%
{{Taxation}}Taxation in Hungary is levied by both national and local governments. Tax revenue in Hungary stood at 38.4% of GDP in 2017.[2] The most important revenue sources include the income tax, Social security, corporate tax and the value added tax, which are all applied at the national level. Among the total tax income the ratio of local taxes is solely 5% while the EU average is 30%.[3]

Income tax in Hungary is levied at a flat rate of 15%.[4] A tax allowance is given through a family allowance ({{lang-hu|családi adókedvezmény}}), which is equal to the allowance multiplied by the number of "beneficiary dependent children". For one or two children the allowance is HUF 62,500 per child, for three or more HUF 206,250 per child.[5] The allowance can be split between spouses or life partners.

The standard rate of value added tax is 27% as of January 2012 — the highest in the European Union.[6] There is a reduced rate of 5% for most medicines and some food products, and a reduced rate of 18% for internet connections, restaurants and catering, dairy and bakery products, hotel services and admission to short-term open-air events.[7]

In January 2017, corporate tax was unified at a rate of 9% — the lowest in the European Union.[8] Dividends received are not subject to taxation, provided that are not received from a Controlled Foreign Company (CFC). Capital gains are included in corporate tax, with certain exemptions.[9]

Employment income is subject to social security contributions for the employer at a flat rate of 19.5%.[10] Furthermore, employers pay 1.5% into a training fund.[11] Capital gains are taxed at a flat rate of 15%.[12]

History

After the Ottoman conquest of central parts of Hungary, the most common tax was the Ottoman administration's levy on Christians the dhimmi. Under Austro-Hungarian rule, taxes were mostly levied by Austria, but Hungary was later given more financial autonomy in the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867.[13] In 1988, liberalization of the Soviet-influenced Kádár government introduced tax reform, establishing a comprehensive tax system of central and local taxes, consisting mainly of a personal income tax, a corporate income tax and a value added tax.[14]

References

1. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/global/Documents/Tax/dttl-tax-hungaryguide-2015.pdf|title=Taxation and Investment in Hungary (rates are updated to 2017)|language=English|accessdate=29 May 2017}}
2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://dailynewshungary.com/hungary-leads-europe-in-decline-of-tax-to-gdp-ratio-says-finance-ministry/|title=Tax to GDP|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.euvonal.hu/index.php?op=gazdasag&id=35 |title=Adózás (Taxation) |language=Hungarian |accessdate=18 January 2010}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.tmf-group.com/en/media-centre/news-and-insights/december-2015/hungary-2016-tax-changes|title = TMF Group Income tax Hungary|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }}
5. ^{{Cite web|url = http://budapest.angloinfo.com/information/money/income-tax/|title = Family Allowance 2014|date = |accessdate = 14 January 2018 |website = angloinfo.com |publisher = |last = |first = }}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.deloittetax.at/2012/01/18/hungary-corporate-income-tax-and-vat-changes-2012/ |title=Deloitte Tax News » Hungary: Corporate Income Tax and VAT changes 2012 |publisher=Deloittetax.at |date=1 January 2012 |accessdate=2 April 2012}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.kpmg.com/global/en/issuesandinsights/articlespublications/vat-gst-essentials/pages/hungary.aspx|title = VAT 2014 KPMG|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = KPMG |last = |first = }}
8. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.ft.com/content/302fa4b4-acda-11e6-9cb3-bb8207902122|title = Hungary to offer EU’s lowest corporate tax rate|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = Financial Times |last = |first = }}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=https://flagtheory.com/incorporation-in-hungary/|title=Residency and Incorporation in Hungary|website=flagtheory.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-04-20}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url = https://www.ps-bpo.com/wp-content/uploads/ps-hu-newsletter-changes-of-taxation-hungary-2017-16122016-web.pdf }}
11. ^{{Cite web|url =http://agora.cedefop.europa.eu/files/VET/LUX.pdf|title =Training fund levy|date =|accessdate =|website =|publisher =|last =|first =|deadurl =yes|archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20140903081635/http://agora.cedefop.europa.eu/files/VET/LUX.pdf|archivedate =2014-09-03|df =}}
12. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.clearstream.com/ci/dispatch/en/file/16000_tax_information/5000_tax_guide_by_market/3000_hungary/tax_guide/hunt_gi_capital_gains_tax.htm|title = Capital gains tax|date = |accessdate = |website = clearstream.com |publisher = |last = |first = }}
13. ^{{Cite web|url = http://staff.lib.msu.edu/sowards/balkan/lect07.htm|title = Nationalism in Hungary, 1848-1867|date = 11 June 2009|accessdate = 14 January 2018 |website = |publisher = Michigan State University |last =Sowards |first = Stephen W. }}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.upm.ro/facultati_departamente/ea/RePEc/rcj09/recjurid093_3F.pdf |title=Reflection on the Hungarian Tax System and Reform Steps |publisher=Petru Maior University of Târgu Mureș |first=Mihály |last=Hőgye |format=PDF |accessdate=18 January 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5qY0rOUn6?url=http://www.upm.ro/facultati_departamente/ea/RePEc/rcj09/recjurid093_3F.pdf |archivedate=17 June 2010 |df= }}
{{Hungary articles}}{{Taxation in Europe}}

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