| 词条 | Telluraves |
| 释义 |
| taxon = Telluraves | fossil_range = Late Cretaceous - Holocene, {{fossilrange|66|0}} | image = Erithacus rubecula with cocked head.jpg | image_caption = European robin, Erithacus rubecula | authority = Yuri et al., 2013 | display_parents = 2 | subdivision_ranks = Clades | subdivision =
}}Telluraves (also called land birds or core landbirds) is a recently defined[1] clade of birds with controversial content. Based on most recent genetic studies, the clade unites a variety of bird groups, including the australavians (passerines, parrots, seriamas, and falcons) as well as the afroavians (including the Accipitrimorphae – eagles, hawks, buzzards, vultures etc. – owls and woodpeckers, among others).[2] They appear to be the sister group of a newly defined clade centered on Aequornithes.[3] Given that the most basal extant members of both Afroaves (Accipitrimorphae, Strigiformes) and Australaves (Cariamiformes, Falconiformes) are carnivorous, it has been suggested that the last common ancestor of all Telluraves was probably a predator.[3] Other researchers are skeptical of this assessment, citing the herbivorous cariamiform Strigogyps as evidence to the contrary.[4] {{clade|style=font-size:83%;line-height:100%|label1=Telluraves |1={{Clade |label1=Afroaves |1={{clade |label1=Accipitrimorphae |1={{Clade |1=Accipitriformes (hawks and relatives) |2=Cathartiformes (New World vultures) |label2= |2={{clade |1=Strigiformes (owls) |label2=Coraciimorphae |2={{Clade |1=Coliiformes (mousebirds) |label2=Cavitaves |2={{Clade |1=Leptosomatiformes (cuckoo roller) |label2=Eucavitaves |2={{Clade |1=Trogoniformes (trogons) |label2=Picocoraciae |2={{Clade |1=Bucerotiformes (hornbills and relatives) |label2=Picodynastornithes |2={{Clade |1=Coraciformes |2=Piciformes |label2=Australaves |2={{Clade |1=Cariamiformes (seriemas) |label2=Eufalconimorphae |2={{Clade |1=Falconiformes (falcons) |label2=Psittacopasserae |2={{clade |1=Psittaciformes (parrots) |2=Passeriformes (passerines) }} }} }} }} }} Cladogram of Telluraves relationships based on Prum, R.O. et al. (2015)[5] with some clade names after Yury, T. et al. (2013)[1] and Kimball et al. 2013.[6]References1. ^1 {{cite journal | last1 = Yuri | first1 = T.| year = 2013 | title = Parsimony and Model-Based Analyses of Indels in Avian Nuclear Genes Reveal Congruent and Incongruent Phylogenetic Signals | journal = Biology | volume = 2 | issue = 1| pages = 419–444 | doi = 10.3390/biology2010419 |display-authors=etal | pmid=24832669 | pmc=4009869}} {{bird-stub}}2. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Ericson | first1 = P. G. | year = 2012 | title = Evolution of terrestrial birds in three continents: biogeography and parallel radiations | url = http://www.naturhistoriska.com/download/18.9ff3752132fdaeccb6800037316/1335164422875/Ericson+Gondwana+JBI+2012.pdf | journal = Journal of Biogeography | volume = 39 | issue = 5 | pages = 813–824 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02650.x | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170830055430/http://www.naturhistoriska.com/download/18.9ff3752132fdaeccb6800037316/1335164422875/Ericson%20Gondwana%20JBI%202012.pdf | archivedate = 2017-08-30 | df = }} 3. ^1 {{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.1253451 |pmid=25504713|url=https://pgl.soe.ucsc.edu/jarvis14.pdf| title = Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds| journal = Science| volume = 346| issue = 6215| pages = 1320–1331| date = 2014| last1 = Jarvis | first1 = E. D. | author1-link = Erich Jarvis| last2 = Mirarab | first2 = S.| last3 = Aberer | first3 = A. J.| last4 = Li | first4 = B.| last5 = Houde | first5 = P.| last6 = Li | first6 = C.| last7 = Ho | first7 = S. Y. W.| last8 = Faircloth | first8 = B. C.| last9 = Nabholz | first9 = B.| last10 = Howard | first10 = J. T.| last11 = Suh | first11 = A.| last12 = Weber | first12 = C. C.| last13 = Da Fonseca | first13 = R. R.| last14 = Li | first14 = J.| last15 = Zhang | first15 = F.| last16 = Li | first16 = H.| last17 = Zhou | first17 = L.| last18 = Narula | first18 = N.| last19 = Liu | first19 = L.| last20 = Ganapathy | first20 = G.| last21 = Boussau | first21 = B.| last22 = Bayzid | first22 = M. S.| last23 = Zavidovych | first23 = V.| last24 = Subramanian | first24 = S.| last25 = Gabaldon | first25 = T.| last26 = Capella-Gutierrez | first26 = S.| last27 = Huerta-Cepas | first27 = J.| last28 = Rekepalli | first28 = B.| last29 = Munch | first29 = K.| last30 = Schierup | first30 = M.| display-authors = 29 | pmc=4405904}} 4. ^Mayr, G. & Ritchter, G. (2011) [https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12542-010-0094-5?no-access=true Exceptionally preserved plant parenchyma in the digestive tract indicates a herbivorous diet in the Middle Eocene bird Strigogyps sapea (Ameghinornithidae)]. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, Volume 85, Issue 3, pp 303–307. 5. ^Prum, R.O. et al. (2015) A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing. Nature 526, 569–573. 6. ^Kimball, R.T. et al. (2013) Identifying localized biases in large datasets: A case study using the Avian Tree of Life. Mol Phylogenet Evol. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.029 2 : Neognathae|Birds |
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