| 词条 | Terken Khatun (wife of Ala ad-Din Tekish) |
| 释义 |
| name = Terken Khatun | title = | image = File:Terken-Khatun-Captive-Initi.gif | caption = Terken Khatun captive to Mongols | reign = 1200-1220 |coronation = 1200 |succession1 = (co-regent) Shah of the Khwarazmian Empire | reign1 = 1200–1220 |coronation1= 1200 |predecessor1=Tekish |successor1=Manguberdi |regent1= Muhammad II | reg-type1=Co-reignt |succession = Queen Great of the Khwarezmisn Empire | reign2 = 1172-1200 |coronation2 = 1172 |succession2 =Queen of the Khwarazmian Empire |reign3 = 1195-1220 |succession3 = Naib-i-Sultanat of the Khwarazmian Empire | reign-type = | spouse = Ala ad-Din Tekish | issue = Muhammad II | full name = Terken | house = Khwarazmian Empire (by marriage) | father = Kipchak Khan | mother = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | place of burial = | religion = Islam }} ' Terken Khatun also known as Turkan Khatun ({{lang-fa|ترکان خاتون}}, "the Queen of the Turks") was the Empress of the Khwarazmian Empire by marriage to Shah Ala ad-Din Tekish, and the mother and de facto co-regent of Muhammad II of the Khwarazmian Empire.[1]BackgroundTerken Khatun was from the Qanghli or the Bayads tribe of the Yemek, the daughter of the Kipchak Khan. According to Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu's biographer Muhammad Nasawai, majority of her son, Ala ad-Din Muhammad's, top commanders were from Terken Khatun's tribe, and the need to attach them to his side was one reason why the Shah lent so heavily on his mother for advice.[2] De facto co-ruler and SultanAfter the death of her partner, 'Ala' al-Din Tekish (1172-1200), she so dominated the court of their son, 'Ala' al-Din Muhammad II (1200–20) and quarreled so bitterly with his heir by another wife, Jalal al-Din, that she may have contributed to the impotence of the Khwarazmshahi kingdom in the face of the Mongol onslaught. She had a separate Divan and separate palace and the orders of the sultan were not considered to be effective without her signature. The Shah ruled the heterogeneous peoples without mercy. In face of Mongol attacks, Khwarazm empire, with a combined army of 400,000, simply collapsed. Harezmshah Muhammed had retreated to Samarkand towards the end of his domination and he had to leave the capital city of Gurgenç to her.[3] References1. ^{{cite book|author=Michal Biran|title=The Empire of the Qara Khitai in Eurasian History: Between China and the Islamic World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B934LaVBaz8C&pg=PA165#v=onepage&q&f=false|date=15 September 2005|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-84226-6|pages=165–}} 2. ^{{cite book|author=|editor=J. A. Boyle|title=The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1968|pages=191|isbn=978-0-521-06936-6}} 3. ^http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/Iran_Heads.htm 3 : 13th-century women rulers|12th-century Iranian people|13th-century Iranian people |
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