| 词条 | Territorial Revival architecture |
| 释义 |
Territorial Revival architecture describes the style of architecture developed in the U.S. state of New Mexico in the 1930s that incorporated elements of traditional regional building techniques with higher style elements. The style, named after the New Mexico Territory (1850-1912), was intended to recall the state's Territorial architectural history and was extensively employed for state government buildings in Santa Fe. The style was encouraged by a State Planning Board proclamation of 1934, which advocated the redesign of the state capitol in "the local Santa Fe type of architecture."[1] Architect John Gaw Meem, a leading proponent of the related Pueblo Revival architectural movement, is considered to be the initiator of Territorial Revival architecture.[2][3] Description and historyThe term Territorial architecture describes a variety of architectural features and regional styles in use during the American territorial period, particularly the New Mexico Territory from about 1846 until 1900. Territorial architecture was defined by the incorporation of elements from classical architecture—pediments, columns, and copings—into buildings that otherwise made use of regional architectural elements and materials such as flat roofs, adobe bricks, and wooden porch posts. In Territorial Revival architecture, these elements were applied to much larger buildings, such as the New Mexico Capitol Complex, than those that existed during the territorial period. The style was also increasingly adapted to domestic architecture—typically residences of one story—in northern New Mexico, especially in the vicinity of Santa Fe and Albuquerque. Territorial Revival doors and windows sometimes featured lintels with pediments or decorative trim reminiscent of Greek Revival architecture,[4] Gothic revival architecture, and other classical revival styles. Other distinguishing features of the style are the use of adobe construction, low, flat roofs with a sharp brick edging, white-washed milled lumber columns, and sash windows with mullions.[5] Territorial Revival was developed in response to the increasing popularity of the Spanish-Pueblo Revival style, with which it shares many features and materials. Architect John Gaw Meem began to design homes in what he referred to as 'territorial' style in response to requests from clients, some of whom desired residences with cleaner, more conventional lines and symmetrical masses than were customary of his Pueblo Revival buildings. Meem's client Mrs. Robert Tilney specifically requested that the architect eschew many of customary Pueblo Revival elements for her 1929 house, saying that she wanted "nothing heavy or Indian", "as little Mexican as possible", and that "the interior of the house be American Colonial in spirit."[3] During the Great Depression of the 1930s, Territorial Revival was sometimes preferred to Pueblo Revival, principally because its relative simplicity and symmetry resulted in lower building costs.[3] The Territorial Revival style is primarily confined to the US State of New Mexico, and continues to be popular into the 21st century, particularly for commercial and government buildings, small offices, residences, and strip malls. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|last=Kammer|first=David|title=Supreme Court Building - NM|url=http://www.newmexicohistory.org/filedetails_docs.php?fileID=21170|publisher=New Mexico Office of the State Historian|accessdate=23 June 2011}} {{Revivals}}{{Architecture in the United States}}2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://newmexicohistory.org/people/buildings-designed-by-john-gaw-meem-1925-1959|title=Buildings Designed by John Gaw Meem, 1925-1959|last=Kammer|first=David|date=|website=Office of the New Mexico State Historian|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-09-15}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46866297|title=Facing Southwest : the life & houses of John Gaw Meem|last=Wilson|first=Chris|date=|publisher=Norton|others=Reck, Robert (Photographer)|year=2001|isbn=0393730670|edition= 1st|location=New York|pages=40–45|oclc=46866297}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=Dictionary of Architecture and Construction|year=2006|publisher=McGraw-Hill}} 5. ^{{cite journal|last=Massey|first=James C.|author2=Maxwell, Shirley|date=September–October 2005|title=American Houses, Spanish Styles|journal=Old-House Journal|page=83}} 2 : Territorial Revival architecture|Architecture in New Mexico |
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