| 词条 | Thumba |
| 释义 |
| name = Thumba | native_name = തുമ്പ | native_name_lang = Malayalam | other_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | pushpin_map = India Kerala | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kerala, India | coordinates = {{coord|8|31|0|N|76|52|0|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Kerala | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Thiruvananthapuram | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = | governing_body = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_total = | population_as_of = | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = Malayalam, English | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | registration_plate = KL- | website = | footnotes = }} Thumba is a suburb of Thiruvananthapuram city, capital of Kerala, India. Location and geographyThumba is a vast village bordering Menamkulam in the east, St. Dominic's Vettucaud in the north, and Kochuthura in the south; towards its west is the Arabian Sea. While the border with Menamkulam is the Parvathi Puthannaar canal, the border with Kochuthura is the Rajiv Gandhi Nagar road. The entire village is flat at sea-level and the ground near to the coast is made of tan coloured beach sand. This is in stark contrast to the rest of the village where the ground is made of white sand where, till the developments of the late 1990s, large amounts of a medicinal herb with white flowers called Thumba grew in abundance, hence the name. TERLS dedicated to the United Nations on 2 February 1968. Overview{{see also|Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station}}Thumba became well-known to the outsiders after the establishment of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS), which was the first of that kind in India. TERLS was founded in Thumba in 1962 in the district of Trivandrum on the southern tip of India very close to earth's magnetic equator to launch sounding rockets. Dr. H G S Murthy, D Eswar Das, M R Kurup and A. P. J. Abdul Kalam were amongst the initial team of rocket engineers.[1] Rocket launchesFirst rocket launch:The first sounding rocket, Nike-Apache, was launched rocket on 21 Nov 1963. The Rohini Sounding Rocket (RSR) program to develop indigenously developed and fabricated sounding rockets launched the first single-stage Rohini (RH-75) rocket (32 kg rocket with 7 kg payload to ~10 km altitude) in 1967, followed by a two-stage Rohini rocket (100 kg payload to over 320 km altitude).[2] Other launches:Apart from Indian payload, sounding rockets from many other countries (including United States, Russia, Japan, France, Germany) were also launched from Thumba, as part of mutual international collaboration. TERLS developed infrastructure for all aspects of rocketry, ranging from rocket design, rocket propellant, rocket motor casting, integration, payload-assembly, testing, evaluation besides building subsystems like payload housing and jettisonable nose cone. Fibre-reinforced plastic composite materials for nose cone were used in early programs at TERLS. The rocket launch from TERLS came to a stand-still in 2000. Later in 2002, the rocket launchings were resumed from TERLS.[3] ISRO announced their plans to launch 180 number of RH-200 rockets from TERLS over the next five years. References1. ^{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Rocket-science-of-south/articleshow/46294497.cms | title=Rocket science of south | date=19 February 2015 | first=Arun | last=Ram | newspaper=The Times of India | accessdate=4 December 2018 }} 2. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.rediff.com/news/2003/nov/20spec.htm | title=Forty Years in Space | date=20 November 2003 | publisher=Rediff | accessdate=4 December 2018 }} 3. ^{{cite news|title=ISRO: Sounding rocket launchings resume from 'TERLS', Thumba, Thiruvananthapuram|url=http://spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=9131|newspaper=spaceREF portal|date=27 August 2002}} External links{{commons category}}
1 : Suburbs of Thiruvananthapuram |
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