| 词条 | The Garden Village, Kingston upon Hull |
| 释义 |
The Garden Village is an area of model village housing built in the early 1900s, in the Summergangs area of Kingston upon Hull, England, for the workers of Reckitt & Sons. History and descriptionThe village was built on {{convert|140|acre|ha|abbr=on}} of land by the 'Hull Garden Village Co.', a company with £200,000 of capital of which two-thirds was contributed by Sir James Reckitt, and with two-thirds of the housing reserved for his workers. The company's dividends were limited to 3%.[1] The estate opened in 1908,[1] its design was influenced by the ideas of the Garden city movement.[2] The design was by architects Percy Runton and William Barry. By 1913, 600 houses had been built in five sizes and with twelve different styles, generally with a short front garden and long back garden, often accessed by a 'ten-foot' alley, a low housing density,[4] built of brick often pebble dashed,[3] (some houses received a white Medusa Portland cement render[4]) with steeply pitched roofs with overhanging eaves,[5] recessed doorways and wood framed windows,[6] privet hedges,[7] and avenued tree planting generalising the design. A second phase of development began in 1923.[8] Houses were built at a density of 12 per acre; {{convert|1|acre|km2|abbr=on}}, with streets named after trees and shrubs.[9] Facilities included a shopping centre,[10] club house,[11] a hostel for female workers,[12] as well as several almshouses,[12][13] several of which are listed buildings. A substantial number of the ordinary housing stock are now also listed buildings.[14] During the Hull Blitz the area was badly damaged by bombing, possibly due to its proximity to Reckitt & Sons' Dansom Lane works.[15] In 1950 the Garden Village company was disbanded; some houses were sold to tenants, the entire estate was bought by the Bradford Property Trust, the open spaces known as 'The Oval' and 'The Playground' were transferred to the Hull City Council for a nominal fee.[16] The area became a designated conservation area in 1970.[17][18] Church of St ColumbaA temporary church dedicated to St Columba had been built in 1914, on Laburnum Avenue also by the architects Runton and Barry,[19][20] a permanent building was constructed and opened in 1929, but was destroyed during the Second World War by bombing. A replacement was constructed using some elements of the old structure. The new church became the parish church for the ecclesiastical parish of Drypool in 1961.[21] See also
References1. ^1 {{cite book|title = The genesis of modern British town planning|publisher = Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=jMUOAAAAQAAJ|author = William Ashworth|year = 1954|pages = 140–141|chapter = V. The Creation of New Model Villages and Towns|chapterurl = https://books.google.com/books?id=jMUOAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA140#v=onepage&q&f=false| work = books.google.co.uk}} 2. ^{{cite book|title = Modern English Society: History and Structure 1850–1970 |author = Judith Ryder|author2 = Harold Silver| publisher = Methuen & Co. Ltd., London | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-4wOAAAAQAAJ| year=1970|chapter =5. Twentieth-century Emergencies|pages = 128| chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=-4wOAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA128#v=onepage&q&f=false| work = books.google.co.uk}} 3. ^Hull City Council (1997) , Walls 4. ^{{citation| url = https://archive.org/stream/MedusaWhitePortlandCementATruePortlandPerfectlyWhiteInColor/SanduskyPortlandCementCoCca30868#page/n15/mode/2up| title = Medusa white Portland cement : a true Portland perfectly white in color, stainless, patented Oct. 13, 1908| year = 1915|author = Sandusky Portland Cement Co.| page =16}} 5. ^Hull City Council (1997) , Roofs 6. ^Hull City Council (1997) , Doors, Windows 7. ^Garden Village Society : Gardens 8. ^1 Sources*Garden Village Society : Background Information*The Garden Village Society, House Positions*The Garden Village Society, Historical Development 9. ^{{citation| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SZWI2kYEhTcC| title = The English Landscape in the Twentieth Century| author = Trevor Rowley| publisher = Habledon Continuum | year =2006| pages = 176–177| isbn = 1 85285 388 3}} 10. ^{{NHLE|num=1207797|desc= Garden Village Shopping Centre|accessdate=13 May 2015}} 11. ^{{NHLE|num=1293002|desc=Former Garden Village Club House|accessdate=13 May 2015}} 12. ^1 Garden Village Society : Public Buildings 13. ^Sources*{{NHLE|num=1217840|desc=Frederick Reckitt Havens|accessdate=13 May 2015}}*{{NHLE|num=1297009|desc= Juliet Reckitt Havens|accessdate=13 May 2015}} 14. ^{{citation|url=http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/HOME/PLANNING/CONSERVATION/LISTED%20BUILDINGS/LISTEDBUILDINGS.PDF |title=Listed buildings in Hull 2009 |publisher=Hull City Council |year=2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404032229/http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/HOME/PLANNING/CONSERVATION/LISTED%20BUILDINGS/LISTEDBUILDINGS.PDF |archivedate=4 April 2012 |df= }} 15. ^Houlton : The War Years 16. ^Houlton : The End of the Garden Village (Hull) Limited 17. ^Houlton : The Garden Village Conservation Area 18. ^Hull City Council (1997) 19. ^Houlton : St. Columba’s Temporary Church 20. ^{{coord|53.759168|-0.306283|type:landmark|display = inline}} Laburnum Avenue, Holderness Road, site of a succession of churches 21. ^{{citation| chapter = The parish churches: Drypool Church|chapterurl= http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66777#s6| title = A History of the County of York East Riding: Volume 1: The City of Kingston upon Hull| year = 1969| pages = 287–311|url = http://www.british-history.ac.uk/source.aspx?pubid=549}} Sources
Maps{{reflist|group="map"}}External links{{commons category|Garden Village, Kingston upon Hull}}{{Kingston upon Hull|state=collapsed}}{{Reckitt Benckiser}} 6 : Model villages|Garden suburbs|Wards and districts of Kingston upon Hull|Geographic histories of Kingston upon Hull|Reckitt Benckiser|Housing estates in Kingston upon Hull |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。