| 词条 | Theory of Tamil immigration to Sri Lanka |
| 释义 |
Tamil immigration to Sri Lanka theory refers to Tamil people moving to Sri Lanka from Tamil areas in India. The two major Tamil communities are the Sri Lankan Tamils, who arrived centuries ago, and the more recent Plantantion Tamils, who were brought as indentured labourers brought by the British. Communities
HistorySri Lankan monarchs have used the services of South Indian labor for millennia. According to Mahavamsa, service groups from Pandyan kingdom in present day Tamil Nadu accompanied the settlement of Anuradhapura by Prakrit speakers. Epigraphic evidence describes traders and others self identifying as Damelas or Damedas (Sinhala and Sinhala prakrit for Tamils) in Anuradhapura and other areas of Sri Lanka as early as 2nd century BCE. The idea of looking upon the Demedas as aliens was not prevalent in the early historical period.[1] South Indian soldiers were brought to Anuradhapura in ever larger numbers in the seventh, eight, ninth and tenth centuries CE leading rulers to rely on their help to consolidate and rule. Raja Raja Chola (honourable title Udayar was from the Raja Kula Agammudayar caste) created a town called Jananathamangalam, near Anuradhapura and settled Velakkara (Maravar) and Agampadi (Agampu+adi) soldiers (Agammudayar), These two Castes were subdivisions of the Tamil Mukkulathor caste). They eventually assimilated to Sinhala society. The Sinhala family name Palihakkara (Palaikkarar) originated from the Velakkara soldiers and the suffix Agampodi in front of some names of the Salagama sub caste "Hewapanne"(militia) originated from the Agampadi soldiers, who married Salagama Hewapanne women, Large scale mercantile activity from peninsular India primarily came from the Coromandel Coast.[2] The majority Sinhalese caste structure, which has no religious sanctions attached to it, has accommodated recent Hindu immigrants from South India leading to the emergence of three new Sinhalese caste groups-the Salagama, the Durava and the Karava.[3][3] This migration and assimilation happened until the eighteenth century.[3] Salagamas, whose caste legends allude to South India, came as Nambudiri Brahmins from Kerala, for the coronation ceremony of King Vijayabahu I and for the coronation ceremony of Prince Wathhimi. Many worked as weavers and as mercenary soldiers (Agampadi soldiers). Agampadi soldiers (mercenaries who were deployed in the army and as coast guards from Dambeniya rule onwards) came from Tamil Nadu. Some were punished by the King of Kotte, who imposed a tax on cinnamon. Eventually some became cinnamon peelers. According to some historians this was begun in 1406 by the King of Kotte.[4] Another section is called "Hewapanne" or soldiers. See also
Notes1. ^Indrapala, K The Evolution of an ethnic identity: The Tamils of Sri Lanka, p.157 2. ^Indrapala, K The Evolution of an ethnic identity: The Tamils of Sri Lanka, p.214-215 3. ^Spencer, J, Sri Lankan history and roots of conflict, p. 23 4. ^1 2 de Silva, A History of Sri Lanka (2005), p.121 2 : Indians in Sri Lanka|Tamil diaspora in Asia |
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