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词条 Timeline of Athens
释义

  1. Prior to 15th century

  2. 15th–19th centuries

  3. 20th century

  4. 21st century

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. Bibliography

  8. External links

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Athens, Greece.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

Prior to 15th century

{{See also|History of Athens#Antiquity|History of Athens#Middle Ages|Timeline of ancient Greece}}{{History of Greece}}
  • 630 BCE – Temple of Athena Polias built (approximate date).[1]
  • 594 BCE – Solonian law established.[2]
  • 575 BCE – Coins in use (approximate date).[2]
  • 566 BCE – Panathenaic festival begins.[1]
  • 560 BCE – Peisistratos in power.[2]
  • 546 BCE – Athenian tetradrachm (coin) in use.[2]
  • 486 BCE – Parthenon built.[3]
  • 431 BCE – Peloponnesian War begins with Sparta.[4]
  • 430 BCE – Plague.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 424 BCE – Temple of Athena Nike built.[9]
  • 409 BCE – Erechtheion built (approximate date).[5]
  • 385 BCE – Academy founded (approximate date).{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 335 BCE – Lyceum founded (approximate date).{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 229 BCE – Athens liberated from Macedonian supremacy, but refuses to join Achaean League.[11]
  • 88 BCE – City sacked by Roman forces.[3]
  • 267 CE – Agora sacked by Germanic Heruli forces.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 396 CE – City taken by forces of Visigoth Alaric.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 580 – City sacked by Slavic forces.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 1146 – City "plundered by Roger, King of Sicily."[11]
  • 1204 – Othon de la Roche of Burgundy becomes Duke of Athens.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 1311 – City under Aragonese rule.[6]

15th–19th centuries

{{See also|History of Athens#Modern history}}
  • 1456 – Conquest by the Ottoman Empire.[3]
  • 1687 – City besieged by Venetian forces under Francesco Morosini during the Morean War.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 1801 – Elgin Marbles taken to Britain.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 1821 – April: Siege of the Acropolis (1821–22) begins.
  • 1826 – August: Siege of the Acropolis (1826–27) begins.
  • 1829 – National Archaeological Museum established.
  • 1833 – City becomes part of the Attica and Boeotia Prefecture administrative division.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}
  • 1834
    • City becomes capital of Kingdom of Greece.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
    • National Library of Greece headquartered in city.
  • 1837 – National and Kapodistrian University of Athens ("Othonian University")[16] and National Technical University of Athens ("Royal School of Arts") established.
  • 1840 – Royal Garden planted.
  • 1842 – Observatory built.[17]
  • 1843
    • 3 November: {{Interlanguage link multi|Third of September National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens|el|3=Η της Γ’ Σεπτεμβρίου εν Αθήναις Εθνική των Ελλήνων Συνέλευσις}} begins.
    • Royal Palace built.
  • 1846 – Omonoia Square ("Palace Square") laid out.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}
  • 1854 – Occupation of city by British and French forces during the Crimean War begins.[6]
  • 1856 – Occupation of city by British and French forces ends.[6]
  • 1860s – Anafiotika neighborhood settled.[7]
  • 1862 – 10 December: {{Interlanguage link multi|Second National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens|el|3=Η εν Αθήναις Β' Εθνική των Ελλήνων Συνέλευσις}} begins.
  • 1869 – Athens and Piraeus Railway in operation.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}
  • 1871 – Athens Conservatoire founded.
  • 1874 – German Archaeological Institute at Athens established.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 1876 – Athens Stock Exchange established.
  • 1878 – Hotel Grande Bretagne in business.
  • 1881 – American School of Classical Studies at Athens established.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 1886 – British School at Athens established.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 1896 – 1896 Summer Olympics held.
  • 1899
    • City becomes part of the Attica Prefecture administrative division.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}
    • Spyridon Merkouris becomes mayor.

20th century

{{See also|Timeline of modern Greek history}}
  • 1904
    • Athens Metro in operation.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}
    • Athens Railway Station opens.
  • 1905 – Athens News Agency established.
  • 1907 – Population: 167,479.[8]
  • 1908 – Panathinaikos A.O. football club formed.
  • 1909 – Goudi coup.[4]
  • 1916 – 1 December: "Allied and Greek forces clash."[9]
  • 1919 – Athens Chamber of Commerce and Industry founded.[24]
  • 1920
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Third National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens|el|3=Γ' Εθνική Συνέλευση 1920}} begins.
    • Population: 453,042 metro.[7]
  • 1922
    • Population increases with war refugees; shantytowns develop.[7]
    • To Vima newspaper begins publication.[10]
    • Apostolos Nikolaidis Stadium opens in Ampelokipoi.
  • 1923
    • Vradyni newspaper begins publication.[24]
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Fourth National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens|el|3=Δ΄ Συντακτική Συνέλευση 1924}}, convenes.
  • 1926 – Academy of Athens founded.
  • 1928 – Population: 802,000 metro.[7]
  • 1929 – Residential Psychiko suburb developed near city.[7]
  • 1930 – National Theatre of Greece and Benaki Museum established.
  • 1932 – Residential Filothei suburb developed near city.[7]
  • 1935
    • October: Fifth National Assembly of the Greeks at Athens held.
    • Alexandras Prosfygika housing complex built on Alexandras Avenue.[11]
  • 1938 – Airport built.[12]
  • 1939 – Greek National Opera established.
  • 1940 – Population: 481,225 city; 1,124,109 metro.[13]
  • 1941 – 27 April: City occupation by German forces begins.[2]
  • 1944
    • 14 October: City occupation by German forces ends.[14]
    • December: Dekemvriana clashes begin.[15]
    • Ta Nea newspaper begins publication.[24]
  • 1947 – Star-Cinema opens.[39]
  • 1951 – Population: 559,250 city; 1,368,142 metro.[13]
  • 1955 – Athens Festival of arts begins.
  • 1957
    • Astron Cinema opens.[16]
    • Hellenic American Union founded.[17]
  • 1971 – Population: 867,023 city; 2,101,103 urban agglomeration.[18]
  • 1972 – City becomes part of the Athens Prefecture administrative division.
  • 1973
    • Museum of the City of Athens established.
    • Athens Polytechnic uprising.[4]
  • 1974 – Eleftherotypia newspaper begins publication.[24]
  • 1980 – 31 July: 1980 Turkish embassy attack in Athens.
  • 1981 – Ethnos newspaper begins publication.[24]
  • 1983 – Eleftheros Typos newspaper begins publication.[19]
  • 1984 – Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.[20]
  • 1987 – Miltiadis Evert becomes mayor.
  • 1991 – Athens Concert Hall opens.
  • 1994 – City becomes part of the Athens-Piraeus super-prefecture administrative division.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}
  • 1995 – Dimitris Avramopoulos becomes mayor.
  • 1998 – Kokkalis Foundation headquartered in city.[21]
  • 1999 – The 6.0 {{M|w}} Athens earthquake affected the area with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent), killing 143, injuring 800–1,600, and leaving 50,000 homeless in the region.
  • 2000 – Ambelokipi metro station, Megaro Moussikis metro station, and Panormou metro station open.

21st century

  • 2001 – New Athens International Airport opens.{{sfn|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
  • 2003 – Dora Bakoyannis becomes mayor.[22]
  • 2004
    • Athens Tram begins operating.
    • 2004 Summer Olympics and Paralympics held.[3]
  • 2007 – Nikitas Kaklamanis becomes mayor.
  • 2008 – December: 2008 Greek riots.[3][23]
  • 2009 – Acropolis Museum[24] and Art Foundation[17] open.
  • 2010
    • July: Journalist Giolias killed.
    • November: Muslim demonstration.[25]
    • Giorgos Kaminis elected mayor.
  • 2011
    • Athens Mass Transit System formed.
    • Population: 664,046 city; 3,737,550 metro.[26]
  • 2012
    • 13 February: Protest.[27]
    • Stavros Niarchos Foundation Cultural Center construction begins.
  • 2013 – Flooding.[28]

See also

  • History of Athens
  • List of newspapers in Athens
  • List of mayors of Athens, 1836–present

References

1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.namuseum.gr/collections/chronoltable-en.html |title=Chronological Table |publisher=National Archaeological Museum |location=Athens |archivedate=20 November 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120123027/http://www.namuseum.gr/collections/chronoltable-en.html |deadurl=yes }}
2. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://projects.exeter.ac.uk/RDavies/arian/amser/chrono1 |title= Comparative Chronology of Money |author1= Glyn Davies |author2= Roy Davies |year= 2002 |via= University of Exeter |access-date= 24 December 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151225025720/http://projects.exeter.ac.uk/RDavies/arian/amser/chrono1# |archive-date= 25 December 2015 |dead-url= no |df= dmy-all }}
3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17373216 |title=Greece Profile: Timeline |work=BBC News |accessdate=30 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210103810/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17373216# |archive-date=10 December 2014 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
4. ^1 2 {{cite book|author= Dimitris Keridis |title=Historical Dictionary of Modern Greece |year= 2009|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6312-5 |chapter=Chronology |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=3ERJI1jLruQC&pg=PR23 }}
5. ^1 {{cite book |editor=Trudy Ring |title=Southern Europe |series=International Dictionary of Historic Places |volume=3 |year= 1996 |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |oclc=31045650 |chapter=Athens |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=fYH7AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA62 |page=62+ }}
6. ^1 2 3 4 {{Citation |publisher = Frederick Warne & Co. |publication-place = London |author = George Henry Townsend |title = A Manual of Dates |publication-date = 1867 |edition=2nd |chapter= Athens |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/manualofdatesdic00townrich#page/92/mode/1up }}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|author= Lila Leontidou |title=The Mediterranean City in Transition: Social Change and Urban Development |year=1990|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-34467-8}}
8. ^{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1921 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Greece |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=1020 }}
9. ^{{cite book|author1= Stephen Pope |author2=Elizabeth-Anne Wheal|title=Dictionary of the First World War|year= 1995 |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=978-0-85052-979-1 |chapter=Select Chronology |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=fOrNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA523 }}
10. ^{{cite web |url= http://catalog.crl.edu/search~S35?/dAthens+%28Greece%29+--+Newspapers |title= Athens (Greece) – Newspapers |publisher=Center for Research Libraries |location=Chicago, USA |work= Global Resources Network |accessdate=30 November 2014 }}
11. ^{{cite book|editor=Giovanna Sonda|title=Urban Plots, Organizing Cities |year=2010|publisher=Ashgate |isbn=978-1-4094-0927-4 |chapter=Redefining the right to the city: representations of public space as part of the urban struggles |author= Stavros Stavrides |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=8siSUszQJhgC&pg=PA36 |display-editors=etal}}
12. ^{{citation |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/06/26/us-greece-airport-idUKKBN0F10YI20140626 |publisher=Reuters |date=26 June 2014 |title=Big dreams and angry protests swirl at abandoned Athens airport |access-date=21 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019075038/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/06/26/us-greece-airport-idUKKBN0F10YI20140626# |archive-date=19 October 2014 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
13. ^1 2 {{Citation |publisher = Columbia University Press |publication-place = New York |editor = Leon E. Seltzer |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL6112221M/The_Columbia_Lippincott_gazetteer_of_the_world |title = Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World |publication-date = 1952 |ol = 6112221M |page = 116 |access-date = 20 November 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131016085337/http://openlibrary.org/books/OL6112221M/The_Columbia_Lippincott_gazetteer_of_the_world# |archive-date = 16 October 2013 |dead-url = no |df = dmy-all }}
14. ^1 2 3 {{Citation |publisher = G. & C. Merriam Co. |publication-place = USA |title = Webster's Geographical Dictionary |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL5812502M/Webster's_geographical_dictionary |publication-date = 1960 |ol=5812502M |page=78 }}
15. ^1 {{cite book|author= Dimitris Keridis |title=Historical Dictionary of Modern Greece |year= 2009|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6312-5 |chapter=Athens |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=3ERJI1jLruQC&pg=PA18 }}
16. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/greece/athens?status=all |title=Movie Theaters in Athens |work=CinemaTreasures.org |publisher=Cinema Treasures LLC |location=Los Angeles |accessdate=30 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141221133112/http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/greece/athens?status=all# |archive-date=21 December 2014 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
17. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.newmuseum.org/spaces/listing/country:Greece |title=Greece |work=Art Spaces Directory |location=New York |publisher=New Museum |accessdate=30 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129075207/http://www.newmuseum.org/spaces/listing/country:Greece# |archive-date=29 November 2014 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
18. ^{{cite book |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1975 |year=1976 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=253–279 |quote=Athinai |access-date=27 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728164732/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm# |archive-date=28 July 2017 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
19. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|title=Europa World Year Book 2003|year= 2003|publisher=Europa Publications |isbn=978-1-85743-227-5 |chapter=Greece: Directory |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=XLvU9lroRuUC&pg=PA1867 }}
20. ^{{cite web | url=http://sistercities.lacity.org/ | title=Sister Cities of Los Angeles | publisher=City of Los Angeles | location=USA | accessdate=30 December 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104131119/http://sistercities.lacity.org/# | archive-date=4 November 2015 | dead-url=no | df=dmy-all }}
21. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Organizations |title=Organizations |work=International Relations and Security Network |location=Switzerland |publisher=Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich |accessdate=30 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111034557/http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Organizations# |archive-date=11 November 2014 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
22. ^{{citation |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/03/world/new-athens-mayor-embodies-a-new-greece.html |title=New Athens Mayor Embodies a New Greece |date=3 December 2002 |access-date=20 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905101149/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/03/world/new-athens-mayor-embodies-a-new-greece.html# |archive-date=5 September 2017 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
23. ^{{cite journal |title= December 2008 Youth Uprising in Athens |author= Stavros Stavrides |work= Justice spatiale/Spatial Justice |issn= 2105-0392 |url= http://www.jssj.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/JSSJ2-10en1.pdf |year= 2010 |journal= |access-date= 21 November 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141129045717/http://www.jssj.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/JSSJ2-10en1.pdf# |archive-date= 29 November 2014 |dead-url= no |df= dmy-all }}
24. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/19/travel/things-to-do-in-36-hours-in-athens.html |title=36 Hours in Athens |date=19 October 2014 |work=New York Times |accessdate=30 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027053601/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/19/travel/things-to-do-in-36-hours-in-athens.html# |archive-date=27 October 2014 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
25. ^{{citation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/nov/28/athens-mosque-far-right-zaha-hadid |work=The Guardian |title=Athens mosque plan faces new hurdles |date=28 November 2010 |access-date=17 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304123413/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/nov/28/athens-mosque-far-right-zaha-hadid# |archive-date=4 March 2016 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
26. ^{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 2013 |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |title=Population of Capital Cities and Cities of 100,000 or More Inhabitants |access-date=24 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227194033/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm# |archive-date=27 December 2016 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
27. ^{{cite book|title=Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year |year=2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jXadAAAAQBAJ|isbn=978-1-62513-103-4}}
28. ^{{citation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2013/feb/22/flooding-athens-pictures |work=The Guardian |title=Flooding in Athens – in pictures |date=22 February 2013 |access-date=17 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905005126/https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2013/feb/22/flooding-athens-pictures# |archive-date=5 September 2017 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
This article incorporates information from the Russian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}
  • {{cite book |title=Index of Dates ... Facts in the Chronology and History of the World |author= J. Willoughby Rosse |location= London |publisher=H.G. Bohn |year=1858 |via=Hathi Trust |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uva.x030807786?urlappend=%3Bseq=69 |chapter= Athens

}}
  • {{Citation

|publisher = Frederick Warne & Co. |publication-place = London |author = George Henry Townsend |title = A Manual of Dates
|publication-date = 1867
|edition=2nd |chapter= Athens |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/manualofdatesdic00townrich#page/92/mode/1up
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Ward, Lock & Co. |publication-place = London |title = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates |author = Benjamin Vincent |edition = 25th |publication-date = 1910

|chapter= Athens |chapterurl =https://archive.org/stream/haydnsdictionary00hayd#page/93/mode/1up
}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Evolving Planning Systems in Madrid, Rome, and Athens |author= Frank J. Costa|journal= GeoJournal |volume= 24 |year=1991 |jstor=41145202 |display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal |title='Foreigners Among Foreigners': Social Organization Among The Roma Of Athens, Greece |author= Kathryn A. Kozaitis |journal=Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development |volume=26 |year= 1997 |jstor= 40553322 }}
  • {{cite book

|author=Michael Llewellyn-Smith |title=Athens: A Cultural and Literary History
|year=2004
|publisher=Interlink Books |location=USA |isbn=978-1-56656-540-0 |chapter=Chronology |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=V--vKYlQHyUC&pg=PR14
| ref = {{harvid|Llewellyn-Smith|2004}}
}}
  • {{cite book

|editor=Jörg Knieling and Frank Othengrafen
|title=Planning Cultures in Europe: Decoding Cultural Phenomena in Urban and Regional Planning
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KhjigwiURoEC
|year=2009
|publisher=Ashgate
|isbn=978-0-7546-7565-5
|chapter=Planning culture and the interference of major events: the recent experience of Athens
|author= Konstantinos Serraos
|display-authors=etal}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Planning the Public Functions of Nineteenth-Century Athens: Setting the Priorities between Idealism and Practical Needs |author=Denis Roubien |journal= Journal of Urban History |volume=42 |year= 2016 }}
{{refend}}

External links

{{Commons category|Athens}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.athenscitymuseum.gr/en/efarmoges/timeline/ |title=Timeline: history of Athens from 1821–1941 |publisher=Eutaxias Foundation |author=Museum of the City of Athens }}
  • Europeana. [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=athens+greece&rows=96 Items related to Athens], various dates.
  • Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Athens, various dates
{{Streets in Athens}}{{Athens}}{{Kallikratis-Attica}}{{Years in Greece}}{{Coord|37.966667|23.716667|type:city|display=title}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}

7 : History of Athens|Timelines of cities in Europe|Athens-related lists|Years in Greece|Greek timelines|Ancient Greece-related lists|Timelines of capitals
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