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词条 Timeline of Belgian history
释义

  1. 1st century BC

  2. 1st century

  3. 2nd century

  4. 3rd century

  5. 4th century

  6. 5th century

  7. 6th century

  8. 7th century

  9. 8th century

  10. 9th century

  11. 10th century

  12. 11th century

  13. 12th century

  14. 13th century

  15. 14th century

  16. 15th century

  17. 16th century

  18. 17th century

  19. 18th century

  20. 19th century

  21. 20th century

  22. 21st century

  23. See also

  24. References

  25. Further reading

     Belgian history  Timelines 

  26. External links

{{History of Belgium}}

This is a timeline of Belgian history, including important legal and territorial changes and political events in Belgium and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Belgium. See also the list of Belgian monarchs.

{{Dynamic list}}{{Use British English|date=February 2015}}{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
Centuries BC: 1st {{·}} Centuries AD: 1st {{·}} 2nd {{·}} 3rd {{·}} 4th {{·}} 5th {{·}} 6th {{·}} 7th {{·}} 8th {{·}} 9th {{·}} 10th {{·}} 11th {{·}} 12th {{·}} 13th {{·}} 14th {{·}} 15th {{·}} 16th {{·}} 17th {{·}} 18th {{·}} 19th {{·}} 20th {{·}} 21st {{·}} Further: See also {{·}}References {{·}} Further reading
{{anchor|1st millennium BC}}

1st century BC

YearDate Event
57 BC Roman General Julius Caesar invades and conquers the lands of the Belgae: Battle of the Sabis; Siege of the Atuatuci
56 BC [1]{{rp>44}}
55 BC Kroniek|p=45}}
54–53 BC Revolt of the Eburones under Ambiorix and Cativolcus.
53–51 BC Kroniek|p=44}}
50 BC Commentarii de Bello Gallico, his account of his campaigns in Gaul.{{r>Kroniek|p=45}}
29 BC Kroniek|p=48}}
27 BC Kroniek|p=48}}
ca. 15 BC Kroniek|p=49}}
12 BC Kroniek|p=49}}
Kroniek|p=49}}
ca. 10 BC Kroniek|p=50}}
9 BC Kroniek|p=50}}
4 BC Kroniek|p=50}}
{{anchor|1st millennium}}

1st century

YearDate Event
13 Kroniek|p=51}}
16 Kroniek|p=51}}
19 10 October Kroniek|p=51}}
21 Kroniek|p=52-53}}
39 October Kroniek|p=52}}
47 Kroniek|p=53}}
47–48 Kroniek|p=53-54}}
69 January Kroniek|p=55}}
July Kroniek|p=55}}
70 Kroniek|p=56-57}}
77 Historia Naturalis, book 4 of which contains a description of Gallia Belgica.{{r>Kroniek|p=57}}
ca. 85 Kroniek|p=59}}
ca. 90 Domitian restructures provinces of the Roman Empire: Gallia Belgica divided into the provinces of Belgica Prima, Belgica Secunda, Germania Superior and Germania Inferior.

2nd century

YearDate Event
172–174 Chauci launch maritime raids on the coasts of Gallia Belgica.[2]

3rd century

YearDate Event
286 [3]{{rp>9}}
293 Death of Carausius

4th century

YearDate Event
343 Servatius, bishop of Tongeren, attends the Council of Sardica.
357 Land south of the Rhine delta ceded to Frankish foederati
359 Pirenne1|p=7}}

5th century

YearDate Event
431 Pirenne1|p=7}}
482 Childeric I buried in Tournai.

6th century

YearDate Event
561 Sigebert I inherits the Frankish kingdom of Austrasia.

7th century

YearDate Event
659 17 March Death of Gertrude of Nivelles
675 Death of Amandus
687 Pepin of Herstal and his wife Plectrude found what will become the Abbey of Saint-Hubert.[4]
693 17 December Death of Begga of Andenne

8th century

YearDate Event
705 17 September Pirenne1|p=17}}[5]
717 See of Maastricht moved to the location of Lambert of Maastricht's murder, now Liège.
727 30 May Pirenne1|p=17}}

9th century

YearDate Event
819 13 April Louis the Pious confirms the liberties granted to St Bavo's Abbey by Charlemagne (oldest extant original charter in a Belgian archive)[6]
820 Pirenne1|p=38}}
825 30 September The remains of St Hubert (died 727) installed in the monastery that would become the Abbey of Saint-Hubert.[7]
843 August Treaty of Verdun divides the Carolingian Empire between the three sons of Louis the Pious: Lothair I, Louis the German and Charles the Bald, creating the kingdom of Middle Francia (including most of the Low Countries) for Lothair and assigning Flanders to Charles the Bald.
850 Pirenne1|p=38}}
855 Treaty of Prüm divides Middle Francia into the kingdom of Lotharingia (including most of the Low Countries), the kingdom of Arles and the kingdom of Italy.
861 Pirenne1|p=38}}
864 Pirenne1|p=38}}
870 Treaty of Meerssen partitions Lotharingia (including most of the Low Countries) between East Francia (Germany) and West Francia (France).
879 Pirenne1|p=38}}
880 Pirenne1|p=38}}
881 Pirenne1|p=38}}
891 September or October Pirenne1|p=39}}
895 Pirenne1|p=42-43}}
900 13 August Zwentibold slain by Count Reginar I of Hainault; Lotharingia reincorporated into East Francia.

10th century

YearDate Event
908 Pirenne1|p=57}}
910 Count Reginar I of Hainault appointed margrave of Lotharingia; historically regarded as the first Duke of Lorraine.
915 Pirenne1|p=45}}
918 10 September Death of Baldwin II, Margrave of Flanders at Blandijnberg; succeeded by his son Arnulf.
925 Pirenne1|p=46}}
936 7 August Pirenne1|p=47}}
939 2 October Pirenne1|p=46n2}}[8]
around 940 Saint-Ghislain Abbey reformed by Gérard of Brogne
948 Pirenne1|p=55}}
953 Pirenne1|p=55}}
954 Pirenne1|p=55}}
959 [9]{{rp>318–319}}
3 October Death of Gerard of Brogne.
964 Godfrey I, Duke of Lower Lorraine, dies in Italy; no immediate successor.
965 28 March Death of Arnulf I, Count of Flanders; succession of Arnulf II, Count of Flanders
2 June Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, confirms Godfrey of Lower Lotharingia's gift to Saint-Ghislain Abbey of 18 mansi of land in Villers-Saint-Ghislain.[10]
11 October Death of Bruno the Great, Duke of Lotharingia.
966 5 May Lothar, King of the Franks, confirms the possessions of St. Peter's Abbey, Ghent, including those bequeathed by Arnulf I, Count of Flanders, and contested by his heirs.[11]
968 Richar, Count of Mons, appointed Duke of Lower Lotharingia.
973 Richar, Duke of Lower Lotharingia, dies; no immediate successor.
977 Parisse|p=319}}
980 Parisse|p=323}}
985 Parisse|p=323}}
987 30 March Death of Arnulf II, Count of Flanders; succession of Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders.
{{anchor|2nd millennium}}

11th century

YearDate Event
1018 29 July Battle of Vlaardingen: imperial forces commanded by Godfrey II, Duke of Lower Lorraine, and Baldrick II, bishop of Liège, defeated by the army of Dirk III, Count of Holland. Baldrick died after a sudden illness on the journey; Godfrey was captured in the battle.
November Wolbodo consecrated bishop of Liège.[12]
1035 30 May Death of Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders; succession of Baldwin V, Count of Flanders
1060 Baldwin V, Count of Flanders, becomes regent of France
1067 1 September Death of Baldwin V, Count of Flanders; succession of Baldwin VI, Count of Flanders
c.1067 Genealogia comitum Flandrensium compiled.[13]
1070 17 July Death of Baldwin VI, Count of Flanders; succession of Arnulf III, Count of Flanders
1071 22 February Battle of Cassel between Robert the Frisian and his nephew, Arnulf III, Count of Flanders. Arnulf was killed in the battle and Robert succeeded him as count.
1074 29 April Pope Gregory VII issues bull of protection for the Abbey of Saint-Hubert.[14]
1075 23 March Pope Gregory VII writes to Theodwin, bishop of Liège, urging him to leave the abbot of Saint-Hubert unmolested.[15]
1077 28 April Pope Gregory VII issues bull of protection for Watten Abbey.[16]
1087 Godfrey of Bouillon becomes Duke of Lower Lorraine
1093 13 October Death of Robert I, Count of Flanders; succession of Robert II, Count of Flanders
1096 August Godfrey of Bouillon, Duke of Lower Lorraine, sets off as one of the leaders of the First Crusade.[17]
1100 18 July Death of Godfrey of Bouillon

12th century

YearDate Event
1105 Baldric of Noyon, Bishop of Tournai, awards the right of presentment for Tielt to the chapter of St Salvator in Harelbeke[18]
1107 The hermit Ligerius founds a community that would become Ten Duinen Abbey (the Abbey of Dunes).[19]
1111 5 October Death of Robert II, Count of Flanders; succession of Baldwin VII, Count of Flanders
1119 17 July Death of Baldwin VII, Count of Flanders; succession of Charles I, Count of Flanders (Charles the Good)
1125 Godfrey I, Count of Louvain confirms the agreement of Ava of Waver and her sons with the priory of Forest, transferring ownership of an allod in Woluwe.[20]
1127 2 March Murder of Charles the Good, Count of Flanders
30 March William Clito claims countship of Flanders
1128 28 July William Clito dies while laying siege to Aalst; Thierry of Alsace established his claim to the countship of Flanders
1141 17 August to 22 September Siege of Bouillon Castle by Albero, prince-bishop of Liège.
1146 24 June Pope Eugene III confirms Wibald, Abbot of Stavelot and Malmedy, in possession of the goods of the abbey.[21]
1147 after 11 May Henry II of Leez, Bishop of Liège, confirms Affligem Abbey in possession of its property in the diocese of Liège.[22]
Arnout IV, Count of Aarschot, and Christian of Ghistelles, leaders of forces from the Low Countries on the Second Crusade, are diverted to the Siege of Lisbon
1163 June Henry the Blind, Count of Namur and of Luxembourg, being childless, names his sister Alice of Namur with her husband Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut, and their son Baldwin, as heirs of all his allodial possessions, "with sod and twig", retaining usufruct during his own lifetime.[23]
1168 17 January Death of Thierry, Count of Flanders; succession of Philip of Alsace as count of Flanders
Godfrey, Duke of Lower Lotharingia, confirms the privileges of the borough of Tienen (oldest extant civic charter from the Duchy of Brabant)[24]
1178 Gislebert of Mons becomes chancellor to Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut.[25]
1184 1 April Henry the Blind, Count of Namur and of Luxembourg, being childless, names his nephew, Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut, already heir to all his allodial possessions, as heir equally to all his feudal possessions, "with sod and twig", retaining usufruct during his own lifetime.[26]
1186 July birth of Ermesinde, later countess of Luxembourg, only child of Henry the Blind. As a female heir she would inherit his allodial possessions, but not his feudal possessions.[27]
1191 1 August Death of Philip of Alsace, Count of Flanders; succession of his daughter Margaret I, Countess of Flanders, and her husband and co-ruler Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut
1192 21 November Murder of Albert of Louvain, Bishop of Liège, by supporters of Emperor Henry VI
1193 19 May Relics of Saint Alena enshrined in Forest Priory.[28]
1194 20 August Peace treaty between Henry I, Duke of Brabant and Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut, ending twelve years of conflict between the Duchy of Brabant and the County of Hainaut.[29]
15 November Death of Margaret I, Countess of Flanders; her husband Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut continues to rule as Baldwin VIII of Flanders
1195 17 December Death of Baldwin V, Count of Hainaut; succession of his son Baldwin as count of Flanders and Hainaut
1198 Baldwin VI, Count of Hainaut, donates all his possessions in the village of Horrues to the collegiate church of Soignies to endow a Lady chapel and a chantry.[30]

13th century

YearDate Event
1205 14 April Battle of Adrianople: Baldwin I of Constantinople, count of Flanders and Hainaut, captured by the Bulgarians
1213 30–31 May Battle of Damme: English fleet destroys French fleet at anchor near Damme.[31]
13 October Battle of Steppes: army and allies of Hugh Pierrepont, Bishop of Liège, defeat the forces of Henry I, Duke of Brabant.[32]
1214 27 July Battle of Bouvines: decisive French victory against the forces of Ferdinand, Count of Flanders, Henry I, Duke of Brabant, and Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor. Count of Flanders carried captive to Paris.[33]
1224 12 August Guy of Saint-Pol and his brother, Hugo of Saint-Pol, stand surety for a loan of 3693 pounds borrowed from citizens of Arras by Daniel, Lord of Béthune: an early example of the use of French rather than Latin in legal documents.[34]
1232 20 September Ferdinand, Count of Flanders and Joan, Countess of Flanders release inhabitants of the Brugse Vrije from the feudal relief of "best beast".[35]
1236 Statutes of the Ghent Leper Hospital translated from Latin: the earliest known example of a legal document entirely in Dutch.[36]
1237 Charters of the city of Ghent translated into Dutch.[37]
1238 Benedictine priory at Vorst, a dependency of Affligem Abbey, becomes the independent Forest Abbey.[38]
1245 14 June Pope Innocent IV authorizes the canons regular of St Augustine to establish a grammar school in Leuven.[39]
1255 Gothic choir of Tournai Cathedral completed
1270 1 September Margaret of Constantinople, Countess of Flanders, impounds wares of English merchants in Flanders in retaliation for their king's non-payment of a money fief, sparking a trade war between Flanders and England.[40]
1274 28 July Treaty of Montreuil-sur-Mer between Edward I of England and Guy, Count of Flanders, ending four years of economic warfare and providing for free movement of merchants between their territories.[41]
1288 5 June Battle of Worringen
1293 7 May Aldermen of Nieuwpoort accept the mediation of Guy, Count of Flanders in their dispute with the abbeys of Duinen and Bourbourg concerning a dyke built near the town.[42]
1296 2 November Edward I of England grants Flemish merchants the right to buy wool for export anywhere in the British Isles, rather than being limited to the wool staple.[43]
1297 12 June Treaties of alliance between Philip IV of France and John of Avesnes, Count of Hainaut, culminate in a trade treaty allowing merchants from Hainaut to trade freely in the kingdom of France.[44]
1297 5 November Guy, Count of Flanders and Marquis of Namur transfers government of Namur to John of Namur, his eldest son by Isabelle of Luxembourg, breaking the personal union of Namur with the County of Flanders (which would pass to Robert, Guy's son by Matilda of Béthune).[45]

14th century

YearDate Event
1302 11 July Battle of the Golden Spurs: Flemish forces defeat knights of Philip IV of France near Kortrijk
1303 9 July Aldermen of the city of Namur authorize formation of a butchers' guild, with obligations to arm themselves, follow their own banner, and bury their own dead.[46]
1312 27 September The Charter of Kortenberg finalised at Kortenberg Abbey, establishing fundamental rights for the inhabitants of the Duchy of Brabant such as no punishment without trial according to due process. Council of four knights and ten representatives of the boroughs established (beginnings of representative institutions in the duchy).
1323 June Rebellion of the commoners in maritime Flanders, sparked by Louis I, Count of Flanders, ceding Sluis to John I, Marquis of Namur.[47]
1327 30 August Pope John XXII provides a dispensation for the marriage of Philippa of Hainault and Edward III of England. The marriage itself took place by proxy in Valenciennes in October.[48]
1328 24 January Marriage of Philippa of Hainault and Edward III of England celebrated in York Minster.[49]
1328 23 August Battle of Cassel: Philip VI of France defeats Flemish rebels led by Nicolaas Zannekin.[50]
1339 3 December Treaty of mutual support between John III, Duke of Brabant and Louis I, Count of Flanders, and the cities subject to them, providing for offensive and defensive alliance and free trade between their territories.[51]
1345 24 July Jacob van Artevelde killed in Ghent.[52]
1355 8 March The boroughs of the Duchy of Brabant and the Duchy of Limburg undertake to remain united under a single prince after the death of John III, Duke of Brabant, not allowing the territory to be divided among his heirs.[53]
1356 3 January Joyous Entry of 1356: Joanna, Duchess of Brabant and her husband Wenceslaus I of Luxembourg sign the great charter of liberties of the Duchy of Brabant.[54]
1370 Extirpation of small Jewish population of Brabant after accusations of profaning eucharistic hosts.
1386 15 February Philip the Bold founds the Lille Chamber of Accounts to audit the accounts of his functionaries in the county of Flanders.[55]
1387 2 November Oldest record of the incorporation of the Brussels guild of painters, goldbeaters and glassmakers.[56]
1389 John of Bavaria elected Prince-Bishop of Liège (resigned 1418).
1390 28 September Joanna, Duchess of Brabant secretly relinquishes possession of the Duchy of Brabant to her niece, Margaret of Male, and offspring thereof.[57]
1392 1 November John of Bavaria, bishop-elect of Liège, writes to Philip the Bold to intercede for merchants from Liège arrested by the officers of Rethel.[58]

15th century

YearDate Event
1408 9 September John the Fearless takes fiscal measures to pay Alexander Stewart, Earl of Mar's archers joining him on the Liège campaign. (Letter bearing only known surviving signature of John the Fearless).[59]
28 September Battle of Othée: forces of John the Fearless and John of Bavaria defeat Liège rebels.
1421 23 April Philip the Good transfers usufruct of the County of Namur to John of Flanders, Lord of Béthune, for the duration of his life.[60]
1425 9 December Pope Martin V issues papal bull founding University of Leuven.
1441 Tapestry weavers of Oudenaarde form the Guild of St Barbara.[61]
1451 28 October Guilds of Ghent take up arms against the Count of Flanders, Philip the Good.
1452 31 May Philip the Good declares war on the city of Ghent.
1453 23 July Battle of Gavere: forces of Philip the Good defeat rebels of Ghent, ending their rebellion.
1454 17 February The Feast of the Pheasant, a banquet given by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, held in Lille.
1464 9 January–12 February Estates General of 1464: first joint meeting of representatives of various territories of the Burgundian Netherlands.[62]
1465 20 October [63]{{rp>72–73}}
22 December Marchandise|p=72-73}}
1466 19 to 25 August 1466 Dinant sacked by the forces of Philip the Good, commanded by Charles the Bold
1467 15 June Death of Philip the Good; Charles the Bold succeeds as Duke of Burgundy.
28 October Battle of Brustem: forces of Charles the Bold defeat forces of Liège.
12 November City of Liège surrenders to Charles the Bold.
1468 3 July Marriage of Charles the Bold and Margaret of York (Now commemorated with the five-yearly Procession of the Golden Tree)
September Marchandise|p=74}}
27 October Marchandise|p=78}}
29 October Marchandise|p=79}}
30 October to 2 November City of Liège pillaged by Burgundian troops.
3 November Marchandise|p=84}}
1469 1 July Marchandise|p=86-87}}
1473 24 April Charles the Bold appointed mediator in the peace negotiations between Poland and Hungary.[64]
December Charles the Bold overhauls the administrative structures of the Burgundian Netherlands: establishes Great Council of Mechelen; orders the chambers of accounts of Lille and Brussels be combined and sit in Mechelen.[65]
1477 5 January Charles the Bold dies in the Battle of Nancy.
29 May Joyous Entry of Mary of Burgundy in Leuven as Duchess of Brabant.[66]
18 August Maximilian of Austria makes his entry into Ghent.
19 August Marriage between Mary of Burgundy and Maximilian of Austria celebrated.
1478 22 July Birth of Philip the Fair
1479 7 August Battle of Guinegate: forces of Mary of Burgundy and her husband Maximilian I of Habsburg defeat forces of Louis XI of France.
1480 10 January Birth of Margaret of Burgundy
1482 27 March Mary of Burgundy dies as a result of having fallen from her horse while hawking some weeks earlier.
3 April Funeral of Mary of Burgundy in Church of Our Lady, Bruges
23 December Treaty of Arras between Louis XI of France and Maximilian I of Habsburg as heir of the Burgundian Netherlands, ceding Burgundy and Artois to France.
Oldest surviving parish register from the territory of what is now Belgium: marriage register from the Church of St Gudula in Brussels.[67]
1493 23 May Treaty of Senlis: Charles VIII of France cedes the County of Flanders and County of Artois to the House of Habsburg.[68]
1495 20 January Wedding contracts concluded for the double marriage of Philip the Fair and Margaret of Burgundy to Joanna of Castile and John, Prince of Asturias.[69]
5 November Double wedding by proxy of Philip the Fair and Margaret of Burgundy to Joanna of Castile and John, Prince of Asturias.[70]
1500 24 February Birth of the future Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, in Ghent.
7 March [71]{{rp>3}}
May Meerbeeck|p=4}}
9 June Meerbeeck|p=4}}

16th century

YearDate Event
1501 18 July Birth of Isabella of Austria, daughter of Philip of Burgundy and Joanna of Castile, future Queen of Christian II of Denmark.
1509 25 June Pope Julius II grants indulgence for those contributing to the rebuilding of the collegiate church of Dinant, equal to the indulgence for a pilgrimage to Rome.[72]
1511 2 April Érard de La Marck, Prince-Bishop of Liège, orders publication of Julius II's bull granting an indulgence for those contributing to the rebuilding of the collegiate church of Dinant.[73]
1521 8 May Charles V issues decree for the Habsburg Netherlands prohibiting Lutheran preaching, teaching, printing or disputation, largely parallel to the Edict of Worms that he was to sign for the Empire as a whole on 26 May but providing more repressive powers to secular authorities.[74]
1523 1 July Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes burned at the stake in Brussels for their adherence to Lutheran doctrines.[75]
8 September Pope Adrian VI draws up a last will and testament to dispose of his possessions in the Habsburg Netherlands, among other bequests founding a papal college for students of Theology at the University of Leuven.[76]
1526 14 January Peace of Madrid temporarily ends the war between Charles V and Francis I of France, with France briefly relinquishing all claim to the County of Flanders, County of Artois, Tournai and the Tournaisis, and the Duchy of Burgundy.[77]
1531 26 September Mary of Hungary appointed regent over the Habsburg Netherlands.[78]
1532 11 September Charles V issues decree establishing protocols and procedure of the reorganized Council of Luxembourg.[79]
1540 4 October New edict requiring printers and booksellers to provide local magistrates with inventories of their stock.[80]
1546 9 May University of Leuven issues the first index of prohibited books.[81]
1542 August French forces plunder Arlon.[82]
1 September Francis I of France appoints Claude, Duke of Guise as governor of the Duchy of Luxembourg.
1544 Peace of Crépy ends the war between Charles V and Francis I of France, returning status quo of 1538: Duchy of Luxembourg restored to the Habsburg Netherlands.[83]
1549 12 September Edict regulating the organization of markets throughout the Habsburg Netherlands.[84]
1566 5 April Compromise of Nobles petition Margaret of Parma to suspend the laws on heresy.[85]
31 July Philip II of Spain authorises Margaret of Parma to abolish the inquisition in the Habsburg Netherlands.[86]
August to September Iconoclastic Fury: churches and monasteries vandalised and plundered in many parts of the Habsburg Netherlands.
1567 15 March Attempted Calvinist coup in Antwerp.[87]
June Margaret of Parma reinstitutes suspended edicts against heresy.[88]
1568 18 May Duke of Alva banishes thirty inhabitants of the city of Antwerp and their spouses, with forfeiture of property, for supporting or disseminating Calvinism – including the pensionary of the city, Jacques van Wesenbeke, and the head of the Calvinist consistory in Antwerp, the Portuguese merchant Marcus Perez.[89]
1574 6 June Don Luis de Requesens, Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands, issues general pardon to rebels willing to return to loyalty.[90]
1575 16 June Philip II of Spain decrees that the change of year is to be counted from 1 January throughout the Habsburg Netherlands, rather than from Christmas day (25 December), the Feast of the Annunciation (25 March) or Easter day, as was the custom in various parts.[91]
1576 4 November Sack of Antwerp by Spanish mutineers from the Army of Flanders
8 November Pacification of Ghent: alliance of the provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands to drive mutineers from the Army of Flanders from the country and promote a peace treaty with the rebellious provinces Holland and Zeeland
6 January Union of Arras concluded.[92]
1596 24 April Archduke Albert takes Calais.[93]
18 August Archduke Albert takes Hulst.[94]
1597 11 March Army of Flanders takes Amiens.[95]
10 September Philip II of Spain decides to bequeath his lands in the Low Countries and Burgundy to his daughter, Isabella Clara Eugenia.[96]
1598 2 May Peace of Vervins signed.[97]
6 May Philip II of Spain signs the Act of Cession bequeathing the Habsburg Netherlands to his daughter, the Infanta Isabella.[98]
13 September Philip II of Spain dies.
14 September Archduke Albert departs from Brussels to marry the Infanta Isabella.[99]
1599 9 February Edict prohibiting all trade with the enemy issued.[100]
18 April Archduke Albert marries Infanta Isabella.[101]
20 August Archduke Albert and Infanta Isabella arrive in the Low Countries.[102]
28 August Archduke Albert and Infanta Isabella make their Joyous Entry into Brussels.[103]
1600 5 February Battle of Lekkerbeetje in the countryside outside 's-Hertogenbosch
28 April Estates General meet in Brussels.[104]
2 July Battle of Nieuwpoort between the armies of Maurice of Nassau and the Archduke Albert.

17th century

YearDate Event
1601 5 July Siege of Ostend begins.
1602 7 January General assault on Ostend launched.[105]
July Ambrogio Spinola arrives in the Low Countries with 8,000 men to reinforce the Army of Flanders
18 July to 20 September Siege of Grave
September Mutiny of Hoogstraten begins.
November Military engineer Pompeo Targone arrives in the camp before Ostend.[106]
1603 26 May Federico Spinola dies in the Battle of Sluis.[107]
October Ambrogio Spinola appointed commander-in-chief of the army besieging Ostend.[108]
1604 19 May Maurice of Nassau lays siege to Sluis.[109]
20 September Negotiations for the surrender of Ostend begin.[110]
22 September Siege of Ostend concludes.[111]
1605 17 May Don Íñigo de Borja repulses attempted Dutch landing at Blokkersdijk, near Antwerp.[112]
1609 9 January Death of Joannes Bochius, secretary to the city of Antwerp
9 April Twelve Years' Truce agreed in Antwerp
1611 12 July Perpetual Edict (1611) reforming the basic rules of criminal and civil procedure in the courts of the Habsburg Netherlands.[113]
1614 6 May Aylid, wife of Giele le Hayverlin, sentenced to death for witchcraft by the magistrates of Ouffet: one of the first trials in a local spate of witchcraft accusations.[114]
27 December Death of Maximiliaan de Vriendt, secretary to the city of Ghent
1617 Fund-raising lottery held to fund the opening of Mounts of piety in the Low Countries.[115]
1618 28 September Opening of Mount of piety (low-interest loan bank) in Brussels, founded by Wenceslas Cobergher.[116]
1619 May to September Tax resistance by Guilds of Brussels.[117]
1620 19 February First Flemish newspaper, Nieuwe Tijdinghen, begins regular publication.[118]
3 May Chamber of Rhetoric De Peoene hosts a rhetoric competition in Mechelen.[119]
1621 April Twelve Years' Truce expires.
13 July Death of Albert VII, Archduke of Austria; Spanish Netherlands revert to Philip IV of Spain; Isabella Clara Eugenia remains in Brussels as Governess General
1622 29 August Battle of Fleurus: Army of Flanders defeats Protestant German invasion force.
1629 30 April to 14 September Siege of 's-Hertogenbosch: one of the four chief cities of the Duchy of Brabant falls to the Dutch Republic.
1632 Political crisis: Conspiracy of Nobles and Siege of Maastricht prompt Isabella Clara Eugenia, Governess General of the Spanish Netherlands, to summon the final session of the Estates General.[120]
1633 1 December Death of Isabella Clara Eugenia
1634 4 November Arrival of Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria as new governor general.[121]
1635 May to July Beginning of hostilities in the Franco-Spanish War (1635–59): Battle of Les Avins, Sack of Tienen, Siege of Leuven
1637 17 April Exiled Dutch nobleman René de Renesse, 1st Count of Warfusée, has the mayor of Liège, Sébastien de La Ruelle, murdered by Spanish soldiers.[122]
1638 24 May to 16 July Siege of Saint-Omer: French army fails to take the city of Saint-Omer
20 June Battle of Kallo: Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria prevents Dutch forces from encircling Antwerp.
1639 7 June Relief of Thionville: imperial forces under Ottavio Piccolomini break the French siege of Thionville in the Duchy of Luxembourg
1648 15 May Peace of Münster ends the war with the Dutch Republic.
1658 14 June Battle of the Dunes: the Army of Flanders and British Royalist allies fail to raise the French-Cromwellian Siege of Dunkirk, leading to the loss of the city.
1695 2 July to 1 September Siege of Namur
13–15 August Bombardment of Brussels by the army of Louis XIV

18th century

YearDate Event
1704 20 June Edict in the name of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, reorganises office of notary in the Habsburg Netherlands.[123]
1713 29 January Second Barrier Treaty confirms the closing of the Scheldt.[124]
1714 6 March Treaty of Rastatt signed: hostilities between France and Austria arising from War of the Spanish Succession cease; Spanish Netherlands become Austrian Netherlands.[125]
1715 Start of Flemish China trade.[126]
1719 5 February The Saint-Joseph sets sail from Ostend for Canton.[127]
3 August The Saint-Joseph, from Ostend, arrives in Canton.[128]
19 September Frans Anneessens, dean of the masons' guild, beheaded in Brussels for resisting innovations in city government detrimental to the power of the guilds of Brussels.[129]
27 November The Saint-Joseph, from Ostend, sets sail from Canton laden with tea, porcelain, silk and Chinese roots.[130]
1720 3 June The Saint-Joseph reaches its home port of Ostend from a voyage to Canton.[131]
1722 19 December Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor grants a charter to the Ostend Company to trade with the Indies.[132]
1723 11–12 August Shares in the Ostend Company issued on Antwerp Exchange.[133]
1727 18 July Ostend Company petitions for the harbour of Ostend to be deepened.[134]
1734 16 February Ostend Company officially ceases trading in accordance with the Treaty of Vienna (1731).[135]
1737 16 February Ostend Company officially wound up.[136]
1771 7 January Privy Council grants necessary permits for artillery general Joseph de Ferraris to chart Mechelen and Brabant.[137]
1778 6 August Government edict regulating registration of baptisms, weddings and funerals: parish priests ordered to ensure that registrations of baptisms include the child's date of birth and the parents' places of birth; of weddings include the full names, status, place of birth and place of residence of the parties; of funerals include the date and time of death; and that a copy of each year's new entries in the parish register be deposited with the provincial authorities every January.[138]
1780 29 November Death of Maria Theresa.
1782 1 August Council of Luxembourg becomes a "sovereign" court: its legal decisions can no longer be appealed to the Great Council of Mechelen.[139]
1787 1 January Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, decrees the abolition of the Council of Brabant and the institution of new law courts for the Duchy of Brabant,[140] to take effect from 1 May 1787.[141]
20 April Council of Brabant declares its abolition unconstitutional.[140]
21 September Joseph II's interim minister plenipotentiary, Sir Joseph Murray, 3rd Baronet, postpones the abolition of the Council of Brabant.[140]
1788 22 January Council of Brabant refuses to issue a new decree by Joseph II's minister plenipotentiary, Ferdinand von Trauttmansdorff.[140]
1789 26 August Republic of Liège proclaimed.[142]
October Army of émigré volunteers invades the Austrian Netherlands.[140] Manifesto of the People of Brabant published. Government forces defeated in Battle of Turnhout (1789).
1790 4 January Manifesto of the Province of Flanders: States of Flanders repudiate loyalty to the count of Flanders and the House of Austria and declare the old County of Flanders an independent sovereign state
11 January United States of Belgium proclaimed.
22 September Battle of Falmagne: short-lived restoration of Austrian rule in the Low Countries
1791 13 February Austrian military intervention restores César-Constantin-François de Hoensbroeck as prince-bishop of Liège
1792 16 November Battle of Jemappes: French gain control of Belgium and Liège.
1793 18 March Battle of Neerwinden: short-lived restoration of Austrian rule in the Low Countries.
12–13 September Battle of Menin between French and Dutch forces
15 September First Battle of Courtrai between French and Austrian forces
1794 26 June Battle of Fleurus: decisive French victory in the Flanders Campaign of the French Revolutionary Wars.
17–18 September Battle of Sprimont: final Austrian defeat in the Low Countries
1795 1 October Former Austrian Netherlands and Prince-Bishopric of Liège unilaterally annexed to the French First Republic.[143]
6 November Decree of 14 Brumaire, Year IV brings into force in Belgium the French laws of 1791 abolishing craft guilds.[144]
1796 17 June Decree of 29 Prairial, Year IV establishes civil registration of births, marriages and deaths throughout what is now Belgium.[145]
August Moveables and archives of the guilds of Brussels sold at public auction on the Grand Place.[146]
1797 Suppression of religious life begins in earnest.[147]
18 October By the Treaty of Campo Formio the Austrian monarchy accepts the French annexation of the former Austrian Netherlands.[148]
1798 October to December Peasants' War (Boerenkrijg) in Flanders and Brabant; peasant army defeated near Hasselt on 5 December.
1799 21 June Execution of Pieter Corbeels, one of the leaders of the Peasant Army, in Tournai.

19th century

YearDate Event
1801 9 February Treaty of Lunéville reaffirms French annexation of the former Austrian Netherlands.[149]
1810 2 May Napoleon Bonaparte attends the launching of the warship Friedland in Antwerp.[150]
1814 31 March Battle of Courtrai between French and Saxon forces.
21 July Belgium made part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.[151]
1815 16 June Battle of Ligny: Napoleon Bonaparte's last victory.
18 June Battle of Waterloo: final defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte.
1822 Société Générale founded
1830 25 August Belgian Revolution begins
26 December Allied powers recognise Belgian independence.[152]
1831 21 July Leopold, Prince of Coburg, sworn in as king of the Belgians.[153]
2–12 August Ten Days' Campaign: Dutch attempt to re-establish rule over Belgium fails, but Dutch forces retain control of Antwerp Citadel.
1832 20 October Albert Joseph Goblet d'Alviella replaces Félix de Muelenaere as Prime Minister
15 November to 23 December Siege of Antwerp by Belgian army with French support forces Dutch from Antwerp Citadel.
1834 4 August Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt replaces Albert Joseph Goblet d'Alviella as Prime Minister
1839 4 February The Kingdom of the Netherlands recognises Belgian independence.[154]
19 April [155]{{rp>39}}
1840 18 April Joseph Lebeau replaces Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt as Prime Minister
1841 13 April Jean-Baptiste Nothomb replaces Joseph Lebeau as Prime Minister
1845 30 July Sylvain Van de Weyer replaces Jean-Baptiste Nothomb as Prime Minister
1846 31 March Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt replaces Sylvain Van de Weyer as Prime Minister
1847 12 August Charles Rogier replaces Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt as Prime Minister
1848 1 April Irving|p=244}}
13 June Belgian general election, 1848
1850 5 May National Bank of Belgium founded
11 June Partial legislative elections of 1850
4 August Irving|p=308}}
1851 27 October Irving|p=338}}
1852 12 February State visit of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert to Belgium.[156]
8 June Partial legislative elections of 1852
31 October Henri de Brouckère replaces Charles Rogier as Prime Minister
1853 22 August Irving|p=389}}
1854 13 June Partial legislative elections of 1854
1855 30 March Pierre de Decker replaces Henri de Brouckère as Prime Minister
1856 10 June Partial legislative elections of 1856
1857 9 November Charles Rogier replaces Pierre de Decker as Prime Minister
10 December Belgian general election, 1857
1859 14 June Partial legislative elections of 1859
31 August Irving|p=556}}
1860 9 July Irving|p=577}}
1861 11 June Partial legislative elections of 1861
20 July Signing of Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation between Belgium and Mexico negotiated by Auguste t'Kint.[157]
1 October Irving|p=612}}
1863 12 May Dutch government agrees to perpetual abolition of tolls on the Scheldt river in return for a payment of 17 million guilders[158]
9 June Partial legislative elections of 1863
16 July Multilateral treaty for the redemption of the Scheldt tolls signed in Brussels[159]
1 August Clipper Marnix van Sinte-Aldegonde the first ship to sail toll-free from Antwerp to the mouth of the Scheldt[160]
11 August State visit of Queen Victoria to Belgium.[161]
1864 11 August Belgian general election, 1864
1865 10 December Death of Leopold I; succeeded by Leopold II
1866 12 June Partial legislative elections of 1866
1867 13 February Work begins on covering of the Senne in Brussels.[162]
11–18 July Irving|p=781,783}}
1868 3 January Walthère Frère-Orban replaces Charles Rogier as Prime Minister
9 June Partial legislative elections of 1868
1869 April Violent repression of strikes in Belgium inspires Karl Marx to write The Belgian Massacres.
1870 11 June Partial legislative elections of 1870 return a hung parliament
2 July Jules d'Anethan replaces Walthère Frère-Orban as Prime Minister
2 August Belgian general election, August 1870, to break impasse of hung parliament
23 September Irving|p=949}}
1871 21 February Irving|p=985}}
7 December Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt replaces Jules d'Anethan as Prime Minister
1872 11 June Partial legislative elections of 1872
1874 9 June Partial legislative elections of 1874
21 August Prime Minister Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt dies in office; succeeded by Jules Malou
1875 8 April Birth of future king Albert I of Belgium
1876 13 June Partial legislative elections of 1876
1878 June to July Partial legislative elections of 1878
19 June Walthère Frère-Orban replaces Jules Malou as Prime Minister
1880 8 June Partial legislative elections of 1880
1882 6 May North Sea Fisheries Convention signed, to come into effect in 1884.
13 June Partial legislative elections of 1882
1884 15 May North Sea Fisheries Convention (signed 1882) comes into effect.
16 June Jules Malou replaces Walthère Frère-Orban as Prime Minister
June and July Belgian general election, 1884
26 October Auguste Beernaert replaces Jules Malou as Prime Minister
1885 6 April Inaugural meeting of the Belgian Labour Party held in Brussels
2 May to 2 November World Exhibition in Antwerp
1886 18–29 March Series of strikes and disturbances in industrial areas of Wallonia
8 June Partial legislative elections of 1886
1888 12 June Partial legislative elections of 1888
1889 15 April Death of Father Damien
1890 10 June Partial legislative elections of 1890
8 November Composer César Franck dies
1892 14 June Belgian general election, 1892
1893 12–18 April General strike demanding an extension of the franchise
15 April Inaugural meeting of the Christene Volkspartij held in Okegem, with a party programme drafted by Adolf Daens
1894 26 March Jules de Burlet replaces Auguste Beernaert as Prime Minister
5 May to 5 November International Exposition (world's fair) in Antwerp
14 October Belgian general election, 1894
1896 25 February Paul de Smet de Naeyer replaces Jules de Burlet as Prime Minister
5 and 12 July Partial legislative elections of 1896
1897 10 May to 8 November Exposition Internationale (world's fair) held in Brussels
1898 22 May Partial legislative elections of 1898
1899 24 January Jules Vandenpeereboom replaces Paul de Smet de Naeyer as Prime Minister
5 August Paul de Smet de Naeyer replaces Jules Vandenpeereboom as Prime Minister
3 December Antoon Stillemans, bishop of Ghent, suspends Adolf Daens as a diocesan priest due to his political activism[163]
1900 27 May Belgian general election, 1900
2 October Wedding of King Albert I of Belgium and Elisabeth of Bavaria.

20th century

YearDate Event
1901 3 November Birth of future king Leopold III of Belgium.
1902 25 May Belgian general election, 1902
15 November Italian anarchist Gennaro Rubino attempts to assassinate Leopold II
1904 1 May Belgium national football team play their first official game, against France.
29 May Belgian general election, 1904
1905 27 April to 6 November Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Liège takes place.[164]
1906 27 May Belgian general election, 1906
1907 23 July Port of Zeebrugge formally opened.
1908 24 May Belgian general election, 1908
15 November Belgium assumes sovereignty of the Congo under the Colonial Charter on the Belgian annexation of the Congo Free State
1909 17 December Death of Leopold II, King of the Belgians
23 December Accession of Albert I as King of the Belgians
1910 23 April to 1 November Exposition Universelle et Internationale (world's fair) held in Brussels.
22 May Belgian general election, 1910
1911 Stoclet Palace completed
Maurice Maeterlinck awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature
1912 2 June Belgian general election, 1912
1913 6 April to 31 October Exposition universelle et internationale (1913), World's Fair in Ghent.
1914 24 May Belgian general election, 1914
4 August German invasion with attendant atrocities: beginning of Belgian involvement in the First World War.
1918 11 November Armistice ends First World War.
1919 16 November Belgian general election, 1919
1921 June Crown Prince Hirohito's official visit to Belgium.[165][166]
20 November Belgian general election, 1921
1923 23 May Sabena is founded at Brussels Airport
1925 6 March Annexation of Eupen and Malmedy to the Kingdom of Belgium.
5 April Belgian general election, 1925
Henri, Comte de Baillet-Latour is elected President of the International Olympic Committee
1926 10 November Wedding of King Leopold III of Belgium and Astrid of Sweden.
1929 10 January The Adventures of Tintin first published in Le Petit Vingtième
26 May Belgian general election, 1929
1930 3 May to 3 November Exposition internationale held in Liège
7 September Birth of future king Baudouin of Belgium
1931 12 May Eugène Ysaÿe dies.
1932 27 November Belgian general election, 1932
1934 17 February Death of Albert I, King of the Belgians.
6 June Birth of King Albert II of Belgium
1935 27 April to 6 November Brussels International Exposition (1935) held in Heysel, near Brussels.
29 August Queen Astrid dies in a car crash
1936 24 May Belgian general election, 1936
1937 22–25 May King Baudouin makes a state visit to Britain.[167]
1939 2 April Belgian general election, 1939
30 July Exposition internationale de l'eau opens in Liège.
1940 10 May German invasion: beginning of Belgian involvement in the Second World War.
1941 11 September Lilian, Princess of Réthy, secretly marries King Leopold III
1944 4 September Liberation of Brussels and Antwerp.
5 September [168]{{rp>978}}
16 December German reinvasion: the Battle of the Bulge begins.
1945 25 January Liberation of Belgium completed.
8 May End of World War II in Europe.
1946 17 February Belgian general election, 1946
12 April Flemish nationalist leader August Borms executed by firing squad as a collaborator
1947 8 September Victor Horta dies.
1948 1 January Panhuys|p=978}}
17 March Panhuys|p=905}}
25 August Panhuys|p=905}}
1949 26 June Belgian general election, 1949
1950 12 March Royal Question brought to a head with Belgian monarchy referendum, 1950
4 June Belgian general election, 1950
1951 18 April Panhuys|p=655}}
16 July King Leopold III abdicates
17 July Baudouin of Belgium sworn in as king
1952 25 July Panhuys|p=655}}
1953 31 January to 1 February North Sea flood damages Belgian coastal defences, killing 28
1954 11 April Belgian general election, 1954
23 October Panhuys|p=905}}
1955 6 May Panhuys|p=905}}
5 November Panhuys|p=978}}
1956 8 August Mining accident of Marcinelle claims 262 lives, including 136 Italian foreign workers
1957 25 March Belgium a signatory to the Treaty of Rome establishing the European Economic Community.
1958 17 April to 19 October Expo 58, the first major World’s Fair since the Second World War.
1960 15 April Birth of future King Philippe of Belgium
June Belgian Congo becomes independent; on the eve of the celebrations Ambroise Boimbo snatches the ceremonial sabre of King Baudouin.
1 November Panhuys|p=978}}
1961 17 January Patrice Lumumba killed in Congo
26 March Belgian general election, 1961
1962 14 October Rioting in Brussels between Flemish nationalist and Francophone demonstrators.[169]
1963 Jeanne Deckers, the Singing Nun, becomes world famous.
1964 Salvatore Adamo becomes one of the most commercially successful musicians in the world.
1965 31 March Panhuys|p=978}}
23 May Belgian general election, 1965
1966 10 February Belgium ratifies London Fisheries Convention.
15 March London Fisheries Convention regulating fisheries in the North Sea comes into force.
1968 31 March Belgian general election, 1968
24 June Split of the Catholic University of Leuven announced.
1971 29 September to 1 October Emperor Hirohito's state visit to Belgium.[170]
7 November Belgian general election, 1971
1974 10 March Belgian general election, 1974
1977 17 April Belgian general election, 1977
11 October Award of Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Ilya Prigogine announced[171]
1978 9 October Jacques Brel dies.
11 October Leo Tindemans resigns as Prime Minister after the failure of the Egmont pact.
17 November Belgian general election, 1978
1981 8 November Belgian general election, 1981
1985 16 to 21 May Pope John Paul II visits Belgium.
13 October Belgian general election, 1985
1986 3 May Sandra Kim wins the Eurovision Song Contest 1986 singing "J'aime la vie".[172]
1987 13 December Belgian general election, 1987
1988 Stella Artois merges with Piedboeuf Brewery to form Interbrew
1990 4–5 April Constitutional crisis: King Baudouin suspended as king for 36 hours after refusing to sign a law legalising abortion
1991 18 July Assassination of Socialist politician André Cools.[173]
24 November Belgian general election, 1991
1992 Dirk Frimout is the first Belgian in Space
1993 31 July King Baudouin of Belgium dies in Motril
9 August Albert, Prince of Liège becomes 6th King of the Belgians
1995 21 May Belgian federal election, 1995
June Pope John Paul II visits Belgium.
1996 20 October White March: approximately 300,000 people demonstrate to protest police and judicial inefficiency and demand improved child protection in the wake of the Dutroux affair
Famous cyclist Eddy Merckx created baron by King Albert
1999 13 June Belgian federal election, 1999
12 July Verhofstadt I Government sworn in
4 December Wedding of Prince Philippe and Mathilde d'Udekem d'Acoz
2000 22 September Stock exchanges of Amsterdam, Brussels and Paris merge as Euronext.[174]
{{anchor|3rd millennium}}

21st century

YearDate Event
2001 25 October Elisabeth, duchess of Brabant is born in Anderlecht.
6 November Belgian national airline Sabena declared bankrupt
2002 1 January Euro enters into circulation to replace the Belgian franc
November Frank De Winne is the second Belgian in space
Strépy-Thieu boat lift is completed
2003 18 May Belgian federal election, 2003 leads to formation of Verhofstadt II Government (sworn in 12 July)
2004 1–22 March Trial of serial killer and child molester Marc Dutroux, sentenced to life imprisonment
2005 Celebration of 175 years of Belgian independence and 25 years of federalism
2007 10 June Belgian federal election, 2007
2008 20 March Leterme I Government sworn in
30 December Van Rompuy Government sworn in following Yves Leterme's resignation as Prime Minister
2009 4 January Johan Bonny consecrated as bishop of Antwerp
11 October Father Damien canonised by Pope Benedict XVI
December Herman Van Rompuy becomes the first President of the European Council
2010 27 February André-Joseph Léonard succeeds Godfried Danneels as archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels
22 April Fall of Leterme II Government
23 April Pope Benedict XVI accepts the resignation of child molester Roger Vangheluwe as bishop of Bruges
13 June Belgian federal election, 2010 leads to formation of Di Rupo Government 541 days later
2011 October Sixth Belgian state reform finalised
6 December Di Rupo Government sworn in 541 days after the Belgian federal election, 2010
2012 24 October Closure of Ford Genk announced, to be completed in 2014 with loss of over 4,000 jobs.[175]
2013 21 July Philippe becomes 7th king of the Belgians
2014 24 May Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting kills four
25 May Belgian federal election, 2014
2015 6 November Jozef De Kesel succeeds André-Joseph Léonard as archbishop of Mechelen-Brussels
21 to 25 November Brussels lockdown
2016 22 March 2016 Brussels bombings
20 December Publifin scandal breaks in Le Vif/L'Express
2017 31 May Samusocial scandal breaks in Brussels parliament
2018 9 December Michel I Government splits, to be succeeded by Michel II Government, after division over endorsement of the Global Compact for Migration
{{History of the Low Countries}}

See also

  • History of Belgium
    • History of Wallonia
    • History of Flanders
    • History of the Jews in Belgium
  • Timeline of Burgundian and Habsburg acquisitions in the Low Countries
  • List of Belgian historians
Cities in Belgium
  • Timeline of Antwerp
  • Timeline of Bruges
  • Timeline of Brussels
  • Timeline of Ghent
  • Timeline of Leuven
  • Timeline of Liège

References

{{notelist}}
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2. ^Fred Stevens and Axel Tixhon, L'Histoire de la Belgique pour les nuls (Paris, 2010), p. 31.
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16. ^Brigitte Meijns, "Papal Bulls as Instruments of Reform: the Reception of the Protection Bulls of Gregory VII in the Dioceses of Liège and Thérouanne (1074–1077)", Church History, 87:2 (2018), pp. 399–423.
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38. ^Bart Fransen, "Recherches historiques / Historisch onderzoek", Bulletin of the Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage, 32 (2006–2008), pp. 95–101.
39. ^M. Grawuen, "Inrichting van een school te Leuven, 1245", in Doorheen de nationale geschiedenis, vol. 1 (State Archives in Belgium, Brussels, 1980), pp. 48–50.
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160. ^{{Cite magazine|title=Afkoop Scheldetol 150 jaar|date=11 March 2013|author=Olivier Keun|url=https://g-geschiedenis.eu/2013/03/11/afkoop-scheldetol-150-jaar/|magazine=G/Geschiedenis|language=nl|access-date=8 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304142551/http://g-geschiedenis.eu/2013/03/11/afkoop-scheldetol-150-jaar/|archive-date=4 March 2016|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}
161. ^William Henry Overall, The dictionary of chronology, or historical and statistical register (London, 1870), p. 77.
162. ^Thierry Demey, Bruxelles, chronique d’une capitale en chantier, vol. 1 (Brussels, 1990), p. 59.
163. ^Jan de Maeyer, Arthur Verhaegen, 1847–1917: de rode baron (Leuven University Press, 1994), p. 306.
164. ^Liège et l'Exposition universelle de 1905, edited by Christine Renardy (Brussels, 2005).
165. ^David De Cooman, "Crown Prince Hirohito's Visit to Belgium", in Japan & Belgium: An Itinerary of Mutual Inspiration, edited by W.F. Vande Walle and David De Cooman (Tielt, 2016), pp. 131–145.
166. ^La Libre Belgique, 21 June 1921.
167. ^{{Cite news|title=Belgium's Policy. King's Visit. Vital Talks. Neutrality and Colonies|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/17354555|newspaper=Sydney Morning Herald|date=24 March 1937|page=17|accessdate=27 June 2017}}
168. ^H.F. van Panhuys, L.J. Brinkhorst, and H.H. Maas (eds.), International Organisation and Integration (Deventer and Leyden, 1968).
169. ^{{Cite news|title=20 Wounded in Brussels Word Riots|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1962/10/15/page/1/article/20-wounded-in-brussels-word-riots|date=15 October 1962|accessdate=27 June 2017}}
170. ^Belgium Hirohito Visit {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817062329/http://www.aparchive.com/metadata/youtube/1fb4fae73248d1fdabec559b163a99e2 |date=17 August 2016 }}, AP Archive.
171. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1977/press.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=14 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623124812/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1977/press.html |archive-date=23 June 2017 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}
172. ^Alain de Gueldre et al., Kroniek van België (Antwerp and Zaventem, 1987), p. 1009.
173. ^Marc Cools and Veerle Pashley, "Shadows of Power: Agusta, a Belgian Affair", in The Routledge Handbook of White-Collar and Corporate Crime in Europe edited by Judith van Erp, Wim Huisman, Gudrun Vande Walle (Routledge, 2015), pp. 336–345.
174. ^Handbook of Finance. Volume I: Financial Markets and Instruments, edited by Frank J. Fabozzi (Hoboken NJ, 2008), p. 143.
175. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20121024_007|date=24 October 2012|title=Ford Genk sluit in 2014|newspaper=De Standaard|language=nl|accessdate=1 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811190154/http://www.standaard.be/cnt/dmf20121024_007|archive-date=11 August 2016|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}

Further reading

Belgian history

  • Paul Arblaster, A History of the Low Countries (Palgrave Essential Histories, 2012)
  • Samuel Humes, Belgium: Long United, Long Divided (Hurst, 2014)

Timelines

  • {{cite book|editor= William Henry Overall |title= Dictionary of Chronology|year=1870|publisher=William Tegg |location=London |chapter= Belgium |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949?urlappend=%3Bseq=86 |via=HathiTrust }}
  • {{cite book|author1= B.B. Woodward |author2= William L.R. Cates |title=Encyclopedia of Chronology |year=1872|publisher=Longmans, Green and Company |location=London |chapter=Belgium |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=ZeI0AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA170 }}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Ward, Lock & Co. |publication-place = London |title = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates |author = Benjamin Vincent |edition = 25th |publication-date = 1910 |chapter=Belgium |chapterurl=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776?urlappend=%3Bseq=170 }}
  • {{cite book|publisher=Europa Publications|title= Political Chronology of Europe |year= 2003|isbn=978-1-135-35687-3 |chapter=Belgium |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=hVNvCz0c_gsC&pg=PA25 |pages= }}

External links

  • {{citation |work=BBC News |title=Belgium profile: timeline |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17209277 }}
  • History page at Belgian government web portal. Accessed 8 February 2015.
  • History page at Visit Belgium website. Accessed 8 February 2015.
{{Years in Belgium}}{{Belgium topics}}{{World Heritage Sites in Belgium}}

3 : Years in Belgium|Timelines by country|Belgium history-related lists
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