请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 Timeline of Cairo
释义

  1. Prior to 19th century

  2. 19th century

  3. 20th century

     1900s-1940s  1950s-1990s 

  4. 21st century

     2000s  2010s 

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. Bibliography

     Published in 18th-19th century  Published in 20th century  Published in 21st century 

  8. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}}

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cairo, Egypt.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

Prior to 19th century

{{History of Egypt}}
  • 1st century BCE - Babylon Fortress built (approximate date).
  • 4th-5th centuries CE - Saints Sergius and Bacchus Church (Abu Serga) built.
  • 6th century - Church of Saint Menas established.
  • 642 - Mosque of Amr ibn al-As built.
  • 879 - Mosque of Ibn Tulun built.
  • Church of St. George built (approximate date).
  • Church of the Virgin Mary (Haret Zuweila) built (approximate date).
  • 970
    • Misr al-Qahira settlement founded by Fatimid Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
    • Al-Azhar University established.
  • 972 - Al-Azhar Mosque established.
  • 978 -The Hanging Church rebuilt (approximate date).
  • 979 - Saint Mercurius Church in Coptic Cairo rebuilt (approximate date).
  • 992 - Al-Hakim Mosque built.
  • 11th century - Church of the Holy Virgin (Babylon El-Darag) built.
  • 1016 - Lulua Mosque built.
  • 1073 - Saint Barbara Church in Coptic Cairo restored.
  • 1085 - Juyushi Mosque built.
  • 1092 - City wall and Gates of Cairo built (including Bab Zuweila and Bab al-Nasr).
  • 1125 - Aqmar Mosque built.
  • 1154 - Al-Hussein Mosque built.
  • 1160 - Al-Salih Tala'i Mosque built.
  • 1168 - Egypt's capital moved from Fustat to Cairo.
  • 1183 - Saladin Citadel built.
  • c. 1205 - Bab Moshé (Ibn Maimoun) Synagogue established[1]
  • 1250 - City becomes capital of Mamluk Sultanate.
  • 1280 - Qalawun complex built (approximate date).
  • 1318 - Al-Nasir Muhammad Mosque built.
  • 1340 - Mosque of Amir al-Maridani established.
  • 1347 - Aqsunqur Mosque built.
  • 1349 - Mosque of Shaykhu built.
  • 1352 - Amir Taz Palace built.
  • 1355 - Khanqah of Shaykhu built.
  • 1359 - Mosque-Madrassa of Sultan Hassan built.
  • 1421 - Mosque of Sultan al-Muayyad built.
  • 1517
    • January: Battle of Ridaniya occurs near Cairo.[1]
    • Capture of Cairo by Ottoman forces.
    • City becomes provincial capital during Selim I's rule of Ottoman Empire.
  • 1774 - Mosque of Abu Dahab built.
  • 1788 - Al Musafir Khana Palace built.
  • 1798 - Napoleon arrives.

19th century

  • 1801 - June: Siege of Cairo - French surrender to British and Ottoman forces
  • 1811 - March: Massacre of the Citadel.[1]
  • 1822 - Arabic printing press in operation.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
  • 1827 - Kasr Al-Ainy Medical School established.
  • 1828
    • Government al-Waqa'i' al-Masriyya newspaper begins publication.
    • Dar al-Mahfuzat (government archive) established.[2]
  • 1848 - Mosque of Muhammad Ali built.
  • 1854 - Khorenian School begins.
  • 1856 - Railway station built.
  • 1860 - Shepheard's Hotel in operation.
  • 1869 - Khedivial Opera House opens.
  • 1870 - Egyptian National Library and Archives established.
  • 1871- 24 December: Premiere of Verdi's Aida.
  • 1874 - Abdeen Palace built.
  • 1875 - Al-Ahram newspaper begins publication.[3]
  • 1879 - Collège de la Sainte Famille founded
  • 1880 - Comité de Conservation des Monuments de l'Art Arabe established.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
  • 1882
    • Population: 347,838.{{sfn|Chambers|1901}}
    • Khedivial Sporting Club founded.
  • 1888 - Collège des Frères (Bab al-Louq) opens.
  • 1892 - Ben Ezra Synagogue built.[1]
  • 1893 - Le Progrès Egyptien newspaper begins publication.
  • 1897 - El Khalig canal filled in.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1899
    • Sha'ar Hashamayim Synagogue built
    • Al-Ahram newspaper headquartered in Cairo.
  • 1900 - Ets Hayim Synagogue (Hanan Synagogue) established [1]

20th century

1900s-1940s

  • 1902 - Egyptian Museum established.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1905 - Chaar Hachamaim Synagogue established [1]
  • 1906 - Pathé cinema built.[4]
  • 1907 - Al Ahly Sporting Club formed.
  • 1908
    • Cairo University and Café Riche opened.
    • {{illm|Egyptian School of Fine Arts|ar|3=كلية_الفنون_الجميلة_(جامعة_حلوان)}}[5] and American College for Girls founded.
  • 1910
    • Coptic Museum built.
    • Heliopolis Palace Hotel opened.
    • Heliopolis Sporting Club founded.
  • 1905 - Shimon Bar Yochai Synagogue established [1]
  • 1911
    • Zamalek Sporting Club formed.
    • Baron Empain Palace built.
  • 1912
    • Boulak Bridge and Al-Rifa'i Mosque built.
  • 1915
    • Arev and Housaper newspapers begin publication.
  • 1919
    • Uprising against British occupation.
    • American University in Cairo established.
  • 1921 - Cairo Conference held.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
  • 1922
    • Tutankhamun's tomb discovered.
  • 1924 - 19 November: British governor-general Stack of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan assassinated.[1]
  • 1925 - Pahad Itzhak (Kreim) Synagogue established[6]
  • 1929 - Manial Palace built.
  • 1932
    • Society Of The Muslim Brothers headquartered in Cairo.
    • Moussa Dar'i Synagogue established[6]
  • 1933 - Qasr al-Nil Bridge built.
  • 1934 - St. George's College, Cairo established.
  • 1934 - Meir'enaim (Biton) Synagogue established [6]
  • 1937
    • Yacoubian Building constructed.
    • Lycée La Liberté Héliopolis opens
  • 1938 - Publication of The Egyptian Gazette moves from Alexandria to Cairo.
  • 1940 - Metro Cinema opens.[16]
  • 1942 - Abdeen Palace Incident.
  • 1944 - Cairo Forces Parliament meeting.
  • 1945
    • Arab League headquartered in Cairo.{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
    • Ashkènazim Synagogue restored [6]
  • 1946 - Ali Baba Cinema opens.[16]
  • 1947 - Population: 2,090,654.[7]
  • 1948
    • Tchahagir newspaper begins publication.
    • Rivoli Cinema opens.[8]
  • 1949 - 12 February: Muslim leader Hassan al-Banna assassinated.

1950s-1990s

  • 1950 - Ain Shams University founded.
  • 1952
    • Cairo Fire.
    • The Mogamma built.
    • Ismailia Square renamed Tahrir Square.
    • Egyptian Revolution of 1952
    • Al Akhbar starts publication.
  • 1954 - Al Gomhuria newspaper begins publication.
  • 1956
    • Cairo International Stadium opens.
    • City master plan created.[9]
  • 1959
    • Cairo Conservatoire opens.
    • Academy of Arts (Egypt) and Cairo Symphony Orchestra founded.
    • Arab Petroleum Congress meets in Cairo.[10]
  • 1961 - Cairo Tower built.
  • 1963 - Cairo International Airport opens.[11]
  • 1964 - January: 1964 Arab League summit (Cairo) held.[1]
  • 1965 - Population: 3.3 million.[12]
  • 1966 - Cairo Opera Ballet Company founded.
  • 1967 - Bab Moshé (Ibn Maimoun) Synagogue restored.[6]
  • 1968 - Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral built.
  • 1969 - Cairo International Book Fair founded.
  • 1970
    • January: Israeli forces conduct aerial attacks near Cairo.[1]
    • September: 1970 Arab League summit held.
    • Greater Cairo Master Plan created.[9]
  • 1972 - January: Student demonstration.[1][13]
  • 1974 - Population: 5,715,000.[14]
  • 1975
    • January: Economic demonstration.[1]
    • Unknown Soldier Memorial (Egypt) inaugurated.
  • 1976
    • 1976 Arab League summit (Cairo).
    • Cairo International Film Festival begins.
    • British International School in Cairo established.
    • Manor House School, Cairo opens.
  • 1977 - January: Economic demonstration.[1]
  • 1978 - New Cairo British International School formed.
  • 1979
    • Egypt Today magazine begins publication.
    • Faisal Islamic Bank of Egypt established.[15]
    • Sister city relationships established with Frankfurt and Stuttgart, Germany.[35]
  • 1981
    • 6 October: Assassination of Anwar Sadat.[16]
    • Sadat Academy for Management Sciences opens.
  • 1982
    • Saint Fatima School begins.
    • Sister city relationship established with New York City, United States.[17]
  • 1984
    • Master Plan for Greater Cairo approved.{{sfn|Shakry|2006}}
    • Arab Democratic Nasserist Party founded.
  • 1985
    • Child Museum opens.
    • Sister city relationship established with Paris, France.[17]
  • 1986 - February: 1986 Egyptian conscripts riot occurs.[1]
  • 1987 - Cairo Metro Line 1 begins operating.[18]
  • 1988
    • Cairo Opera House opens.
    • Sister city relationship established with Istanbul, Turkey.[17]
  • 1989
    • al-Hirafiyeen neighborhood built.{{sfn|Elyachar|2003}}
    • Sister city relationship established with Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.[17]
  • 1990
    • The American International School in Egypt opens.
    • Sister city relationship established with Beijing, China and Tokyo, Japan.[17]
  • 1991 - Al-Ahram Weekly begins publication.
  • 1992
    • Earthquake.
    • Population: 6,800,000 (estimate).[19]
  • 1993
    • Asyut-Cairo highway constructed.[20]
    • Sister city relationship established with Barcelona, Spain.[17]
  • 1995 - Dreamland development begins near city.
  • 1996
    • 6th October Bridge built.
    • Cairo Metro Line 2 (Shoubra AlKheiman- AlMounieb) opened.
  • 1997
    • Aldiwan Arabic Language Center opens.
    • Sister city relationship established with Xi'an, China and Seoul, South Korea.[17]
  • 1998 - Sister city relationships established with Houston, United States and Minsk, Belarus.[17]

21st century

2000s

  • 2001
    • Misr American College established.
    • Cairo 52 arrested.
  • 2003 - El Sawy culturewheel built.
  • 2004
    • Al-masry Al-youm newspaper begins publication.
    • Canadian International College established.
    • Abdul Azim Wazir becomes governor of Cairo (approximate date).{{citation needed|date=October 2014}}
  • 2005
    • April 2005 Cairo terrorist attacks
    • British University in Egypt established.
    • Al-Azhar Park built.
    • El Fagr newspaper begins publication.
  • 2006
    • City government website online (approximate date).[21]{{Chronology citation needed|date=January 2016}}
    • Al-Resalah television begins broadcasting.
  • 2007
    • City hosts 11th Pan Arab Games.
    • 57357 Hospital established.
  • 2008 - Youm 7 newspaper starts publication.
  • 2009
    • 2009 Khan el-Khalili bombing
    • Cairo Jazz Festival begins.

2010s

  • 2010 – Population: 7,248,671.[22]
  • 2011
    • 25 January: Uprising against Mubarak regime begins.[23]
    • April: Abdel Qawi Khalifa becomes governor of Cairo.{{citation needed|date=October 2014}}
  • 2012
    • Cairo Metro Line 3 (Imbaba / Mohandiseen - Cairo Int'l Airport) opened.
    • Pope Shenouda III, head of Egyptian Coptic church, died.[24]
    • Protests against state president Mohamed Morsi.[25]
  • 2013
    • Anti-Morsi protests.[26]
    • February: The first Iranian president, Ahmadinejad, to visit Egypt since 1979.[27]
    • April: Violence against Coptic after funeral.[28]
    • 3 July: 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.
    • 8 July: "Egyptian soldiers fire on Morsi supporters protesting outside a military facility in Cairo, killing over 50."[29]
    • 14 August: "More than 600 people, mostly Morsi supporters, are killed when police clear two pro-Morsi sit-ins in Cairo."[29]
    • Air pollution in greater Cairo reaches annual mean of 76 PM2.5 and 179 PM10, much higher than recommended.[30]

See also

  • {{illm|History of Cairo|fr|3=Histoire du Caire}}
  • History of Egypt
  • {{illm|Timeline of Egypt|fr|Chronologie de l'Égypte}}
  • List of cities by population density
  • Timelines of other cities in Egypt: Alexandria, Port Said

References

{{Globalize|section|date=August 2015}}
1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite book|publisher=Europa Publications |title=Political Chronology of Africa |series=Political Chronologies of the World |year= 2001 |isbn=0203409957 |chapter=Egypt |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=0O86sZdHfHUC&pg=PA138 }}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://hazine.info/daralmahfuzat/ |title= Dar al-Mahfuzat al-ʿUmumiyya |date=2014 |work= Hazine: a Guide to Researching the Middle East and Beyond |editor=Christopher Markiewicz |editor2=Nir Shafir }}
3. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.dmoz.org/Regional/Africa/Egypt/News_and_Media/ |title=Egypt: News and Media |work=Open Directory Project |accessdate=1 July 2013 }}
4. ^{{Citation |publisher = Routledge |isbn = 9780415187039 |title = Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film |editor = Oliver Leaman |publication-date = 2001 |author=Viola Shafik |author-link=Viola Shafik |chapter=Egyptian Cinema }}
5. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=11®ion=afe#/Key-Events |title= Egypt and North Africa, 1900 A.D.: Key Events |work= Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History |publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art |location=New York |accessdate= 30 August 2015 }}
6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite web |url=http://www.nebidaniel.org/synagogues.php?lang=en |publisher=Association Internationale Nebi Daniel |location=France |title= Heritage of Jews from Egypt: Synagogues }}
7. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1950_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1955 |year= |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants |pages=171-184 }}
8. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/egypt/cairo?status=all |title=Movie Theaters in Cairo, Egypt |work=CinemaTreasures.org |publisher= Cinema Treasures LLC |location=Los Angeles |accessdate=1 July 2013 }}
9. ^1 {{cite book |title=Metropolitan Planning and Management in the Developing World: Spatial Decentralization Policy in Bombay and Cairo |author=United Nations Centre for Human Settlements |publisher=UN-HABITAT |year= 1993 |isbn=9789211312331 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SD4I3CEtDz0C }}
10. ^{{cite book|author= M. S. Vassiliou|author-link= Marius Vassiliou|title=Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry |year= 2009|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6288-3 |chapter=Chronology |chapterurl= https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vArc08DO9ykC&pg=PR23 }}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cairo-airport.com/airport_history2.asp|title=Airport History|publisher=Cairo International Airport|accessdate=16 June 2012}}
12. ^Der Volks-Brockhaus, Wiesbaden, 1965
13. ^{{cite book|author= Ahmed Abdalla |title=The Student Movement and National Politics in Egypt: 1923-1973|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uFPoWgTLq0EC|year=2008|publisher=American University in Cairo Press |isbn=978-977-416-199-5}}
14. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1975 |year=1976 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=253-279 }}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.faisalbank.com.eg/FIB/About_0.jsp |title=Faisal Islamic Bank of Egypt History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529051116/http://www.faisalbank.com.eg/FIB/About_0.jsp |archivedate=29 May 2013 |df=dmy-all }}
16. ^{{citation |title=Timelines: Egypt: AD 642 to present |work=World Book |location=US |subscription=yes |accessdate=30 January 2015 }}
17. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web | url = http://www.cairo.gov.eg/EnglishPortal/Sister%20.aspx?ID=2 | title = Sister city agreements | publisher = Cairo Governorate| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120313191658/http://www.cairo.gov.eg/EnglishPortal/Sister%20.aspx?ID=2 | deadurl = yes | archivedate = 13 March 2012 }}
18. ^{{cite book|title=Historical Dictionary of Egypt|year= 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-8025-2 |chapter=Chronology |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=QQNSAQAAQBAJ&pg=PR19 }}
19. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1990_round.htm |title=1995 Demographic Yearbook |year=1997 |author=United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=262-321 }}
20. ^{{citation |author1=Sweco |author2= Nordic Consulting Group |url=http://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Project-and-Operations/00473227-EN-TAH-FINAL-VOL2.PDF |publisher=African Development Bank and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa |title=Review of the Implementation Status of the Trans African Highways and the Missing Links |volume= 2: Description of Corridors |year=2003 }}
21. ^{{cite web |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20061119024345/http://www.cairo.gov.eg/default.aspx |url= http://www.cairo.gov.eg |archivedate= November 2006 |title= البوابة الالكترونية لمحافظة القاهرة - الصفحة الرئيسية |trans-title=Home Page of Cairo |language=Arabic |via= Internet Archive, Wayback Machine }}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2011.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 2011 |author= |date=2012 |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |title=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }}
23. ^{{citation |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12327995 |date=11 February 2011 |work=Egypt's revolution: Interactive map |title= Egypt: timeline of unrest }}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2109512,00.html|title=The Death of the Coptic Pope: What Next for Egypt's Beleaguered Christians?|date=20 March 2013 |publisher=Times News }}
25. ^{{cite book|title=Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year |year=2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jXadAAAAQBAJ|isbn=978-1-62513-103-4}}
26. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-21191260 |title=Fatal clashes on Egypt uprising anniversary |date=25 January 2013 |publisher=BBC News }}
27. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2013/feb/05/ahmadinejad-iranian-egypt-video |title=Ahmadinejad becomes first Iranian head of state to visit Egypt since 1979 |date=5 February 2013 |publisher=Guardian UK News }}
28. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-22058570 |title=Cairo clashes at St Mark's Coptic Cathedral after funerals |date=7 April 2013 |publisher=BBC News}}
29. ^1 {{citation |author=Associated Press |date=18 October 2015 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2015/10/18/us/ap-ml-egypt-timeline.html?ref=aponline |title=Key Events in Egypt Since the 2011 Uprising }}
30. ^{{citation |author=World Health Organization |location=Geneva |title=Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database |year=2016 |url=http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/databases/cities/en/ }}
This article incorporates information from the Arabic Wikipedia.

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}{{Globalize|section|date=January 2013}}

Published in 18th-19th century

  • {{cite book |title=Travels through Arabia |author=Carsten Niebuhr |author-link=Carsten Niebuhr |translator= Robert Heron |translator-link= Robert Heron (writer) |location= Edinburgh |publisher= R. Morison and Son |year= 1792 |chapter= Of the City of Cairo |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hxj9mv?urlappend=%3Bseq=79 |via=HathiTrust

}}
  • {{cite book |title=Voyage en Egypte et en Syrie |author=C.F. Volney |authorlink=Constantin-François Chassebœuf |language= fr |year=1807 |location=Paris |publisher=Courcier |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/voyageensyrieete01voln#page/198/mode/2up |chapter=De la ville du Kaire

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Wells & Lilly |publication-place = Boston |author = H.A.S. Dearborn |authorlink=Henry Alexander Scammell Dearborn |title = A Memoir on the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Sea |publication-date = 1819 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/memoironcommerce02dear#page/364/mode/2up |chapter= Grand Cairo

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = J. Murray |title = Hand-book for Travellers in Egypt |author = Gardner Wilkinson |authorlink=John Gardner Wilkinson |publication-date = 1847 |oclc = 23931478 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/handbookfortrav00wilkgoog#page/n161/mode/2up |chapter=Cairo

}}
  • {{Cite book |publisher = B. Quaritch |publication-place = London |author = Edward Balfour |author-link = Edward Balfour |title = Cyclopaedia of India and of Eastern and Southern Asia |publication-date = 1885 |edition=3rd |chapter=Cairo |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/cyclopaediaofind01balfuoft#page/542/mode/2up

}}
  • {{citation |chapter=Egypt: Places and Cities: Cairo |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=_KA_AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA194 |title=Bulletin of the Public Library of the City of Boston |year=1893 |number=94

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Hakluyt Society |publication-place = London |title = History and Description of Africa |author1 = Leo Africanus |author-link = Leo Africanus |publication-date = 1896 |oclc = 2649691 |author2= John Pory |author2-link= John Pory |editor=Robert Brown |editor-link=Robert Brown (Scottish botanist from Caithness) |chapter=Cairo |volume=3 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/historyanddescr01porygoog#page/n185/mode/2up

}}

Published in 20th century

  • {{Citation |publisher = W. & R. Chambers |publication-date = 1901 |publication-place = London |title = Chambers's Encyclopaedia |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/chamberssency02lond#page/626/mode/1up |chapter= Cairo

|ref= {{harvid|Chambers|1901}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = K. Baedeker |chapter=Cairo |chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/egypthandbookfo00firgoog#page/n234/mode/2up |title = Egypt: Handbook for Travellers |publication-date = 1902 |edition=5th |oclc = 1384290

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = J.M. Dent & Co. |publication-place = London |author = Stanley Lane-Poole |authorlink=Stanley Lane-Poole |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL7246281M/The_story_of_Cairo |title = The Story of Cairo |publication-date = 1902

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Chatto & Windus |publication-place = London |author = D.S. Margoliouth |authorlink=David Samuel Margoliouth |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL23283598M/Cairo_Jerusalem_and_Damascus |title = Cairo, Jerusalem, and Damascus |publication-date = 1907

}}
  • {{Citation

| title = Encyclopædia Britannica
| publication-place = New York
| publication-date = 1910
| edition=11th
| oclc = 14782424
| via= Internet Archive
|chapterurl =https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri04chisrich#page/952/mode/2up |chapter =Cairo
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Ward, Lock & Co. |publication-place = London |title = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates |author = Benjamin Vincent |edition = 25th |publication-date = 1910 |chapter=Cairo|chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/haydnsdictionary00hayd#page/231/mode/1up

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Sphinx Printing Press |publication-place = Cairo |author = Mrs. R.L. Devonshire |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL22891093M/Rambles_in_Cairo |title = Rambles in Cairo |publication-date = 1917

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = University of Oklahoma Press |publication-place = US |title = Cairo, city of art and commerce |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL5917631M/Cairo_city_of_art_and_commerce. |author = Gaston Wiet |year= 1964 |ol=5917631M

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Time-Life Books |title = Cairo |series=Great Cities |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL7775805M/Cairo_(Great_Cities) |author = Malise Ruthven |year= 1980 |ol=7775805M

}}
  • {{Cite book |publisher = Routledge |isbn = 1884964036 |title = International Dictionary of Historic Places: Middle East and Africa |publication-date = 1996 |editor=Noelle Watson |location=UK |chapter= Cairo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R44VRnNCzAYC |page=154+ |author=John Flink

}}
  • {{Cite book|title=Cairo|author=André Raymond |isbn=0-674-00316-0|year=2000|publisher=Harvard University Press

}}

Published in 21st century

  • {{cite journal |title=Mappings of Power: The State, NGOs, and International Organizations in the Informal Economy of Cairo |author= Julia Elyachar |journal= Comparative Studies in Society and History |volume= 45 |year=2003 |jstor=3879462

|ref= {{harvid|Elyachar|2003}}
}}
  • {{cite web |author= |title=Cairo |work=Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003 |url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu-projects/Global_Report/a-z.htm |publisher=United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London |year=2003

}}
  • {{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History |editor1= Paul Tiyambe Zeleza |editor2= Dickson Eyoh |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0415234794 |year=2003

|chapter= Cairo, Egypt
}}
  • {{cite book |title=World Cities beyond the West: Globalization, Development, and Inequality |editor=Josef Gugler |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year= 2004 |isbn=0521830036 |chapter=Cairo |author= Janet L. Abu-Lughod

}}
  • {{citation |author=Seif El Rashidi |chapterurl= http://archnet.org/authorities/1513/publications/4848 |chapter=Chronology of Cairo |year= 2004 |title= Cairo: Revitalising a Historic Metropolis |editor1=Stefano Bianca |editor2= Philip Jodidio |location= Turin |publisher= Umberto Allemandi & C. for Aga Khan Trust for Culture |pages= 244–245

}}
  • {{cite book |isbn=1842775936 |title=Urban Africa: Changing Contours of Survival in the City |publisher=Zed Books |location=London |editor1=Abdoumaliq Simone |editor2= Abdelghani Abouhani |year=2005

|chapter=Urban Policies in Cairo: From Speeches on New Cities to the Adjustment Practices of Ordinary City Dwellers
|author= Benedicte Florin
}}
  • {{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of African History |publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn |isbn=978-1-57958-245-6 |editor= Kevin Shillington |year= 2005

|chapter= Cairo
}}
  • {{citation |title=Cairo Cosmopolitan: Politics, Culture, And Urban Space In The New Globalized Middle East |editor=Diane Singerman |editor2=Paul Amar |publisher= American Univ in Cairo Press |year= 2006 |isbn= 9789774249280 |chapter=Cairo as Capital of Socialist Revolution? |author= Omnia el Shakry

|ref= {{harvid|Shakry|2006}}
}}
  • {{cite book |title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World |editor=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |editor-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |year=2007 |publisher=Koninklijke Brill |location=Leiden |chapter=Cairo |isbn=9789047423836

|ref= {{harvid|Bosworth|2007}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = ABC-CLIO |publication-place = Santa Barbara, US |editor2 = Michael R.T. Dumper |editor1=Bruce E. Stanley |chapter= Cairo |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa |publication-date = 2008 |isbn =9781576079201

|ref= {{harvid|Stanley|2008}}
}}
  • {{cite book|editor=Gabor Agoston|editor2=Bruce Alan Masters |title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire |year= 2009|publisher=Facts on File |isbn=978-1-4381-1025-7 |chapter= Cairo |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzYdCxumFcC |page=112

}}
  • {{cite book |chapter=Cairo |title=Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture |year=2009 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780195309911 |page= 321+ |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC

}}
  • {{cite book|editor=Gerhard Böwering |title= Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought|year=2013|publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=0-691-13484-7 |chapter=Cairo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q1I0pcrFFSUC |page=80

}}{{refend}}

External links

{{commons category|History of Cairo}}
  • {{cite web |url= http://doaj.org/search?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22query_string%22%3A%7B%22query%22%3A%22Cairo%22%2C%22default_field%22%3A%22bibjson.title%22%2C%22default_operator%22%3A%22AND%22%7D%7D%2C%22sort%22%3A%5B%7B%22bibjson.year.exact%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22bibjson.month.exact%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A%22desc%22%7D%7D%5D%2C%22from%22%3A0%2C%22size%22%3A100%7D |title= (Cairo) |work=Directory of Open Access Journals |location=UK }} (Bibliography of open access {{open access}} articles)
  • {{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205164951/http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1569 |archivedate= December 2013 |deadurl=yes |url= http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1569 |title=Cairo |author=ArchNet |author-link=ArchNet }}
  • {{cite web |url= http://www.qdl.qa/en/search/site/Cairo |title=(Cairo) |via= Qatar National Library, Qatar Digital Library }} (Images, etc.)
  • {{cite web |url= https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Cairo&rows=96 |title= (Cairo) |via= Europeana }} (Images, etc.)
  • {{cite web |url= http://dp.la/search?page_size=100&q=Cairo+Egypt&utf8=✓ |title= (Cairo) |via= Digital Public Library of America }} (Images, etc.)
  • {{cite web |url= http://www.ilissafrica.de/en/vk/?k0=title&v0=Cairo&c=UBFfm631&c=GIGA_swb&c=ascLeiden&c=NAI&c=IFEAS&c=ilissOLC&c=AiLiSs&c=base&c=dkg |title=(Cairo) |publisher= Frankfurt University Library |work=Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa |location=Germany }} (Bibliography)
  • {{cite web |url= http://www.connecting-africa.net/query_2.php?F9=0&S0=Cairo&F0=0 |title=(Cairo) |work=Connecting-Africa |publisher=African Studies Centre |location=Leiden, Netherlands }} (Bibliography)
  • {{cite web |url= http://www.africabib.org/query_a.php?ti=Cairo |title=(Cairo) |work= AfricaBib.org }} (Bibliography)
  • {{cite web |url= http://www.blackpast.org/gah/cairo-egypt-founded-c-969-d |title= Cairo, Egypt |work= BlackPast.org |location=US }}
{{Districts of Cairo}}{{Years in Egypt}}{{Timelines of cities in Africa}}{{Egypt topics}}{{Coord|30|3|29|N|31|13|44|E|type:city|display=title}}

7 : Timelines of cities in Africa|History of Cairo|Egypt articles needing attention|Cairo-related lists|Years in Egypt|Megacity timelines|Timelines of capitals
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/16 19:59:44