| 释义 |
- Prior to 20th century
- 20th century
- 21st century
- See also
- References
- Bibliography Published in 19th century Published in 20th century Published in 21st century
- External links
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Damascus, Syria. {{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}Prior to 20th century{{History of Syria}}- 965 BCE – Ezron, King of Aram-Zobah conquers Damascus
- 732 BCE – Neo-Assyrian Empire conquers Damascus
- 572 BCE – Neo-Babylonians conquered Damascus
- 4th century – Temple of Jupiter built by the Romans.
- 613 – Sasanian captured Damascus during the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628
- 634 – Arab conquest of Damascus.
- 715 – Great Mosque built.
- 789 – Qubbat al-Khazna built.
- 1078 – Citadel of Damascus built.
- 1142 – Al-Mujahidiyah Madrasa established.
- 1154 – Nur al-Din Bimaristan built.
- 1196 – Mausoleum of Saladin built.
- 1215 – Al-Adiliyah Madrasa founded.
- 1216 – Citadel of Damascus rebuilt.
- 1224 – Al-Rukniyah Madrasa built.
- 1234 – Aqsab Mosque built.
- 1254 – Al-Qilijiyah Madrasa established.
- 1277 – Al-Zahiriyah Library established.
- 1400 – Timur, the Turco-Mongol conqueror, besieges Damascus.
- 1515 – Al-Sibaiyah Madrasa built.
- 1516 – Ottomans under Selim I conquered Damascus from the Mamluks.
- 1558 – Tekkiye Mosque built.
- 1566 – Al-Salimiyah Madrasa established.
- 1574 – Khan al-Harir built.
- 1605 - Printing press established.[1]
- 1736 – Khan Sulayman Pasha built.
- 1750 – Azm Palace built.
- 1752 – Khan As'ad Pasha built.
- 1885 – Bakdash (ice cream parlor) established.
20th century{{See also|Modern history of Syria}}- 1918 – October: "Arab troops led by Emir Feisal, and supported by British forces, capture Damascus, ending 400 years of Ottoman rule."[2]
- 1920 – July: "French forces occupy Damascus, forcing Feisal to flee abroad."[2]
- 1923 – Damascus University founded.
- 1925-6 – "French forces bombard Damascus."[2]
- 1928 – Al-Wahda Club of Damascus founded.
- 1935 – Population: 193,912.[3]
- 1939 – Chapel of Saint Paul inaugurated.
- 1946 – Population: 303,952.[4]
- 1947 – Al-Jaish Sports Club founded.
- 1960 – Syrian Television begins broadcasting.
- 1961 – September: "Discontent with Egyptian domination of the United Arab Republic prompts a group of Syrian army officers to seize power in Damascus and dissolve the union."[2]
- 1964 - Population: 562,907 (estimate).[5]
- 1970 - Population: 836,668 city; 923,253 urban agglomeration.[6]
- 1977 – Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts founded.
- 1981 – Bomb explodes near Syrian Air Force headquarters.[7]
- 1983 – Higher Institute for Applied Science and Technology founded.
- 1984 – Al-Assad National Library established.
- 1985 - Population: 1,196,710 (estimate).[8]
- 1994 - Population: 1,549,000 (estimate).[9]
- 2000 – Damascus Spring
21st century{{see also|Timeline of the Syrian Civil War}}- 2004 – Damascus Opera House inaugurated.
- 2006
- February: "Danish and Norwegian embassies in Damascus are set on fire."[2]
- September: "Attack on the US embassy."[2]
- 2009 – Damascus Securities Exchange founded.
- 2011
- March: Protest; crackdown.[10]
- Syrian civil war begins.
- 2012
- January 2012 al-Midan bombing[11]
- March 2012 Damascus bombings
- April 2012 Damascus bombings
- 10 May 2012 Damascus bombings.[11]
- Summer 2012 Damascus clashes
- Battle of Damascus (2012)
- 2013
- Damascus offensive (2013)
See also- Timeline of Syrian history
- Timelines of other cities in Syria: Aleppo, Hama, Homs, Latakia
References1. ^{{cite book|author= Henri Bouchot |editor=H. Grevel |title=The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time|year=1890|publisher=H. Grevel & Co. |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=5ycxAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA367 |chapter=Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established }}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14703995 |title=Timeline |author=BBC News |work=Syria profile |accessdate=June 10, 2012}}
3. ^{{Citation |publisher = G. & C. Merriam Co. |publication-place = Springfield, Massachusetts, USA |title = Webster's Geographical Dictionary |url = https://archive.org/stream/webstersgeograph00gcmerich#page/278/mode/1up |publication-date = 1960 |ol=5812502M |page= 278 }}
4. ^{{Citation |publisher = Columbia University Press |publication-place = New York |editor = Leon E. Seltzer |url = https://archive.org/stream/columbialippinco00selt#page/485/mode/1up |title = Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World |publication-date = 1952 |ol=6112221M |page= 485 }}
5. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1960_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1965 |year=1966 |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=140-161 }}
6. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1975 |year=1976 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=253-279 }}
7. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/09/04/world/around-the-world-damascus-bomb-blast-is-reported-to-kill-20.html |title=Damascus Bomb Blast Is Reported to Kill 20 |date=September 4, 1981 |work=New York Times }}
8. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1980_round.htm |title=1985 Demographic Yearbook |year=1987 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=247-289 }}
9. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1990_round.htm |title=1995 Demographic Yearbook |year=1997 |author=United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=262-321 }}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.syriadeeply.org/timeline/ |title=Syria’s War: An Interactive Timeline |work=Syria Deeply |publisher=News Deeply |location=New York |accessdate=30 September 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729141552/http://www.syriadeeply.org/timeline/ |archivedate=29 July 2014 |df= }}
11. ^1 {{cite book|title=Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year |year=2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jXadAAAAQBAJ|isbn=978-1-62513-103-4}}
Bibliography{{Refbegin}}Published in 19th century- {{Citation |publisher = Wells & Lilly |publication-place = Boston |author = H. A. S. Dearborn |authorlink=Henry Alexander Scammell Dearborn |title = A Memoir on the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Sea |publication-date = 1819 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/memoironcommerce02dear#page/138/mode/2up |chapter= Damascus }}
- {{Citation |publisher = James Duncan |publication-place=London |author = Josiah Conder |authorlink=Josiah Conder (editor and author) |chapterurl = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZLsaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA37 |title = Syria and Asia Minor |publication-date = 1824 |oclc = 8888382 |chapter=Damascus }}
- {{Citation |publisher = John Murray |author = John Fuller |title = Narrative of a Tour Through Some Parts of the Turkish Empire |publication-date = 1830 |oclc = 15470157 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/narrativeatourt00fullgoog#page/n404/mode/2up |chapter= Damascus }}
- {{cite book |title=Edinburgh Encyclopædia |editor= David Brewster |location=Philadelphia |publisher= Joseph and Edward Parker |year= 1832 |volume=7 |chapter=Damascus |chapterurl=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015068302770?urlappend=%3Bseq=417 }}
- {{cite book|author= Thomas Bartlett |title= New Tablet of Memory; or, Chronicle of Remarkable Events|year=1841|publisher=Thomas Kelly |location=London |chapter= Damascus |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=rJ9fAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA364
}}- {{Citation |publisher = J. Murray |publication-place = London |title = Five years in Damascus: Including an Account of the History, Topography, and Antiquities of That City |url = https://openlibrary.org/books/OL6951148M/Five_years_in_Damascus |author = Josias Leslie Porter |publication-date = 1855 |oclc = 399684
}}- {{cite book |title=Geography |volume=2 |series=English Cyclopaedia |editor=Charles Knight |location=London |year=1866 |publisher=Bradbury, Evans, & Co. |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433000064794?urlappend=%3Bseq=348 |chapter= Damascus
}}- {{Citation |publisher = Frederick Warne & Co. |publication-place = London |author = George Henry Townsend |title = A Manual of Dates |publication-date = 1867 |edition=2nd |chapter= Damascus |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/manualofdatesdic00townrich#page/312/mode/1up
}}- {{Citation |publisher = T. Cook & Son |publication-place = London |title = Cook's Tourists' Handbook for Palestine and Syria |publication-date = 1876 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/cookstouristsha13ltdgoog#page/n351/mode/2up |chapter=Damascus
}}- {{Citation |publisher = Karl Baedeker |publication-place = Leipsig |title = Palestine and Syria |publication-date = 1876 |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=qoIDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA460 |chapter=Damascus }}. (+ [https://books.google.com/books?id=8QdZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA340 1898 ed.])
- {{cite book
|title=Itinéraire descriptif, historique et archéologique de l'Orient
|author= Èmile Isambert
|year =1881
|language =French
|series = Guides Joanne
|volume=3: Syrie, Palestine
|chapter= Damas
|chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433002689614?urlappend=%3Bseq=711
}}- {{Citation |publisher = A.P. Watt |publication-place = London |author = Guy Le Strange |title = Palestine under the Moslems: a description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500 |publication-date = 1890 |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/224/mode/2up |chapter=Damascus
}}Published in 20th century- {{Citation |publisher = W. & R. Chambers |publication-date = 1901 |publication-place = London |title = Chambers's Encyclopaedia |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/chamberssency03lond#page/663/mode/1up |chapter= Damascus
}}- {{Citation |publisher = Chatto & Windus |publication-place = London |author = D.S. Margoliouth |authorlink=David Samuel Margoliouth |url = https://openlibrary.org/books/OL23283598M/Cairo_Jerusalem_and_Damascus |title = Cairo, Jerusalem, and Damascus |publication-date = 1907
}}- {{Citation |publication-place = New York |title = Encyclopædia Britannica |publication-date = 1910 |oclc = 14782424 |edition=11th |chapterurl =https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabrit07chisrich#page/784/mode/2up |chapter = Damascus
}}- {{Citation |publisher = Ward, Lock & Co. |publication-place = London |title = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates |author = Benjamin Vincent |edition = 25th |publication-date = 1910 |chapter=Damascus |chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/haydnsdictionary00hayd#page/393/mode/1up
}}- R. Stephen Humphreys. "Urban Topography and Urban Society: Damascus under the Ayyubids and Mamluks." In his, Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry. Minneapolis, 1988. pp. 209–32.
- Michael Chamberlain, Knowledge and Social Practice in Medieval Damascus, 1190-1350. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. pp. 27–68.
- {{cite book|author1=John Block Friedman|author2=Kristen Mossler Figg|title=Trade, Travel, and Exploration in the Middle Ages: an Encyclopedia|year= 2000|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-59094-9 |chapter=Damascus |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=-OmCfNI_SxAC |page=146+
}}Published in 21st century- {{cite book|editor=Josef W. Meri |title=Medieval Islamic Civilization |year=2006|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-96691-7 |chapter=Damascus |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=MypbfKdMePIC |page=191
}}- {{cite book |title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World |editor=C. Edmund Bosworth |year=2007 |publisher=Koninklijke Brill |location=Leiden |isbn=9004153888 |chapter=Damascus |pages= 107–125 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UB4uSVt3ulUC
}}- {{Citation |publisher = ABC-CLIO |publication-place = Santa Barbara, USA |editor1=Michael R.T. Dumper |editor2=Bruce E. Stanley |isbn=9781576079195 |chapter=Damascus |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3SapTk5iGDkC |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa |publication-date = 2008 |page= 119+
}}- {{cite book |chapter=Damascus |title=Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture |year=2009 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780195309911 |pages= 513–517 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC
}}- {{cite book|author1=Gabor Agoston |author2= Bruce Alan Masters |title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire|year= 2009|publisher=Facts on File |isbn=978-1-4381-1025-7 |chapter=Damascus |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzYdCxumFcC |page=168
}}{{refend}}External links{{commons category|Damascus}}- {{cite web |url= http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1599 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030031115/http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1599 |archivedate=30 October 2013 |title= Damascus |author=ArchNet }}
- {{cite web |author=Michel Ecochard |title= Damascus Albums |publisher= ArchNet |series=Regional Surveys |url= http://archnet.org/collections/829 }} circa 1930s
{{Coord|33.513|36.292|type:city|display=title}}{{Damascus}}{{Cities of Syria}}{{Syria year nav}} 5 : Timelines of capitals|Timelines of cities in Syria|Syria history-related lists|History of Damascus|Years in Syria |