| 释义 |
- Prior to 20th century
- 20th century
- 21st century
- See also
- References
- Bibliography in English in Portuguese
- External links
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. {{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}Prior to 20th century{{BrazilianHistory}}- 1649 - Fortaleza founded by Dutch.{{sfn|Gondim|2004}}
- 1810 - Town becomes capital of Ceará.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
- 1823 - Fortaleza attains city status.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
- 1846 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Museu de Fortaleza|pt|3=Museu de Fortaleza|lt=Lighthouse fortress}} built.
- 1854 - Bishopric established.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
- 1864 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Seminário da Prainha|pt|3=Seminário da Prainha|lt=Seminário Episcopal do Ceará}} (seminary) founded.
- 1872 - Population: 42,458.[1]
- 1877 - Drought.{{sfn|Gondim|2004}}
- 1887 - {{illm|Instituto do Ceará|pt}} (learned society) founded.{{sfn|Alencar|1903}}
- 1890 - Population: 40,902.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
- 1894 - {{illm|Academia Cearense de Letras|pt}} (literary society) founded.{{sfn|Alencar|1903}}
20th century- 1910 - Theatro José de Alencar (theatre) opens.
- 1915 - Drought.{{sfn|Gondim|2004}}
- 1918 - Fortaleza Sporting Club founded.
- 1919 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Colégio Militar de Fortaleza|pt}} established.
- 1920 - Population: 78,536
- 1928 - O Povo newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1929 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Ceará Flying Club|pt|3=Aeroclube do Ceará}} founded.
- 1932
- {{Interlanguage link multi|Ceará History Museum|pt|3=Museu do Ceará}} established.
- Drought.{{sfn|Gondim|2004}}
- 1933 - Ferroviário Atlético Clube (football team) formed.
- 1940 - Population: 180,901.
- 1942 - Drought.{{sfn|Gondim|2004}}
- 1946 - Regional Labor Court headquartered in city.
- 1950 - Population: 205,052.[3]
- 1957 - Tribuna do Ceará newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1960
- Population: 514,818.
- City plan presented by Helio Modesto.{{sfn|Gondim|2004}}
- 1962 - Pirambu shantytown rally.{{sfn|Gondim|2004}}
- 1966 - Pinto Martins – Fortaleza International Airport terminal built.
- 1970 - Population: 520,175 city; 828,763 urban agglomeration.[4]
- 1971 - Integrated Development Plan for the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza presented.
- 1973 - Castelão stadium opens.
- 1974 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Shopping Center Um|pt}} in business.
- 1979 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Aldeota|pt}}, {{Interlanguage link multi|Bairro Cocó (Fortaleza)|pt|3=Bairro Cocó (Fortaleza)|lt=Cocó}}, {{Interlanguage link multi|Meireles, Fortaleza{{!}}Meireles|pt|3=Meireles}}, {{Interlanguage link multi|Papicu|pt}}, and {{Interlanguage link multi|Varjota (Fortaleza)|pt|3=Varjota (Fortaleza)|lt=Varjota}} development begins (approximate date).{{sfn|Gondim|2004}}
- 1980
- {{Interlanguage link multi|Ceará Museum of Image and Sound|pt|3=Museu da Imagem e do Som do Ceará}} established.
- Population: 1,308,919.
- 1981
- TV Cidade Fortaleza begins broadcasting.
- Diário do Nordeste newspaper begins publication.
- 1982
- Federacao de Bairros y Favelas de Fortaleza (community organization) founded.
- {{Interlanguage link multi|Iguatemi Fortaleza|pt}} shopping center in business.
- 1989 - Cocó Park established.
- 1990 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Juraci Vieira de Magalhães|pt}} becomes mayor.
- 1991
- Cearah Periferia (housing organization) established.{{sfn|Cabannes|1997}}
- Population: 1,765,794.[1]
- 1992 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Central de Artesanato do Ceará|pt}} (craft center) built.
- 1993
- {{Interlanguage link multi|Hospital São Mateus|pt}} established.
- Population: 1,846,955 (estimate).[5]
- 1997 - City divided into 7 administrative regions.(pt)
- 1999 - Dragão do Mar Center of Art and Culture inaugurated.
21st century- 2005 - Luizianne Lins becomes mayor.
- 2007 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Sobrado of Dr. José Lourenço|pt|3=Sobrado do Doutor José Lourenço}} (building) restored.
- 2010 - Population: 2,452,185.[6]
- 2012
- Fortaleza Metro begins operating.
- October: {{illm|Fortaleza 2012 municipal election|pt|Eleição municipal de Fortaleza em 2012}} held.
- 2013
- June: Protest.[7]
- Roberto Cláudio becomes mayor.
- 2014 - July: International 6th BRICS summit held in city.
- 2016 - 2 October: {{illm|Fortaleza 2016 municipal election|pt|Eleição municipal de Fortaleza em 2016}} held.
See also- Fortaleza history
- {{Interlanguage link multi|History of Fortaleza|pt|3=História de Fortaleza}}
- List of mayors of Fortaleza
References1. ^1 {{citation |title=Tabela 1.6 - População nos Censos Demográficos, segundo os municípios das capitais - 1872/2010 |work=Sinopse do Censo Demografico 2010 |language=pt |publisher= Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística |accessdate= 5 September 2018 |url=https://censo2010.ibge.gov.br/sinopse/index.php?dados=6&uf=00 }}
2. ^1 {{cite book|title=Europa World Year Book 2003|year= 2003|publisher=Europa Publications |isbn=978-1-85743-227-5 |chapter=Brazil: Directory |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=XLvU9lroRuUC&pg=PA856 }}
3. ^{{cite web |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1950_round.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 1955 |year= |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |title=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }}
4. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1975 |year=1976 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=253–279 }}
5. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1990_round.htm |title=1995 Demographic Yearbook |year=1997 |author=United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=262–321 }}
6. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.censo2010.ibge.gov.br/sinopse/index.php?uf=23&dados=21 |title=2010 census |publisher=Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística |year=2010 |accessdate=30 December 2014 }}
7. ^{{citation |work=New York Times |date=19 June 2013 |title=Tear Gas Fired Outside Stadium in Brazil, but Protest Still Spreads Inside |url=http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/06/19/tear-gas-fired-outside-stadium-in-brazil-but-protest-still-spreads-inside }}
This article incorporates information from the Portuguese Wikipedia.Bibliography{{Commons category|Fortaleza}}{{Refbegin}}{{Expand section|date=December 2014}}in English
| title = Encyclopædia Britannica
| publication-place = New York
| publication-date = 1910
| edition=11th
| oclc = 14782424
| via=Internet Archive
|chapterurl =https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri10chisrich#page/677/mode/1up |chapter =Fortaleza
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
}}
|publisher = Government Printing Office |publication-place = Washington, DC |title = Commercial Travelers' Guide to Latin America |author = Ernst B. Filsinger |publication-date = 1922
|chapter=Brazil: Fortaleza |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/commercialtravel00filsrich#page/660/mode/2up
}}
|publisher=International Institute for Environment and Development |location=London |journal=Environment and Urbanization |volume=9 |year=1997 |title= From community development to housing finance: from Mutiroes to Casa Melhor in Fortaleza, Brazil |author=Yves Cabannes |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=cuC4AOq6DJIC&pg=PA31
| ref = {{harvid|Cabannes|1997}}
}}
|title=Creating the Image of a Modern Fortaleza: Social Inequalities, Political Changes, and the Impact of Urban Design |author= Linda M. P. Gondim and Laurence Hallewell |journal= Latin American Perspectives |volume= 31 |year=2004 |jstor= 3185024
| ref = {{harvid|Gondim|2004}}
}}in Portuguese- {{citation |title=Diccionario geographico, historico e descriptivo, do imperio do Brazil |author=J.C.R. Milliet de Saint-Adolphe |language= Portuguese |location=Paris |publisher= J. P. Aillaud |year= 1863 |via=HathiTrust |chapter= Fortaleza |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89006303085?urlappend=%3Bseq=392
}}- {{cite book|editor=Álvaro Gurgel de Alencar |title= Diccionario geographico historico e descriptivo do Estado do Ceará |language=pt |via=HathiTrust |publisher=Louis C. Cholowieçki
|chapter=Fortaleza |page=136+
|chapterurl= https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.a0002190478?urlappend=%3Bseq=144
|year=1903
| ref = {{harvid|Alencar|1903}}
}}- {{cite journal |author=José Borzacchiello da Silva |title= Productive restructuring and reconfiguration of the central area of Fortaleza |journal= Mercator |location=Fortaleza |volume=14 |issn= 1984-2201 |url=http://ref.scielo.org/kqq52f |via=Scielo |language=pt |year= 2015
}} {{free access}} {{refend}}External links- {{cite web |url= http://www.hpip.org/def/en/Contents/Navigation/GeographicToponymicNavigation/Place?a=28 |language=en, pt |title= Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil |work= Heritage of Portuguese Influence |publisher= Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian |location= Lisbon }}
{{Years in Brazil}} 3 : Fortaleza|History of Fortaleza|Timelines of cities in Brazil |