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词条 Timeline of Frankfurt
释义

  1. Prior to 19th century

  2. 19th century

  3. 20th century

     1900s-1940s  1950s-1990s 

  4. 21st century

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. Bibliography

     in English  in German 

  8. External links

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

Prior to 19th century

{{History of Germany}}
  • 843 CE - City becomes capital of East Francia.
  • 1180 - Staufenmauer built.
  • 1241 - Judenschlacht.
  • 1333 - City expands.
  • 1349 - Judenschlacht.
  • 1360 - Schützenverein Frankfurt-Höchst (militia) formed.[1]
  • 1370 - Public clock installed (approximate date).[2]
  • 1372
    • Free City of Frankfurt becomes part of Holy Roman Empire.
    • City buys forest from Charles IV.
  • 1405 - Römer converted into city hall.
  • 1428 - Eschenheimer Turm built.
  • 1462 - Frankfurter Judengasse established.
  • 1493 - Passion play begins.[3]
  • 1531 - Printing press in operation.[4]
  • 1581 - Rumpolt's cookbook published.[5]
  • 1585 - Bourse established.
  • 1648 - Peace of Westphalia confirms Frankfurt as an Imperial Free City.
  • 1681 - St. Catherine's Church built.
  • 1719 - Fire.
  • 1739 - Palais Thurn und Taxis built.
  • 1742 - The Palais Barckhaus at Zeil in Frankfurt serves as residence of Emperor Charles VII until 1744
  • 1748 - Gebrüder Bethmann formed.
  • 1750 - Mainzer Landstraße built.
  • 1759 - January: City occupied by French.[6]
  • 1774 - Botanical garden laid out.
  • 1790 - 9 October: Coronation of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor.
  • 1792 - City occupied by French.

19th century

  • 1806
    • City occupied by French.
    • City becomes Principality of Frankfurt, under Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg.
  • 1808 - Frankfurter Opern- und Museumsorchester (orchestra) established.[7]
  • 1810 - City becomes part of Grand Duchy of Frankfurt.
  • 1812 - City refortified.
  • 1815 - Städel founded.
  • 1816 - Free City of Frankfurt becomes part of German Confederation.
  • 1829 - Frankfurter Kunstverein founded.
  • 1833
    • Frankfurter Wachensturm.[8]
    • Paulskirche built.
  • 1839 - Taunus Railway begins operating.
  • 1843 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Alte Börse (Frankfurt am Main)|de}} (stock exchange) built.
  • 1846 - International Penitentiary Congress held in Frankfurt.[9]
  • 1848
    • September: "Uprising."[8]
    • Frankfurt Assembly formed.
  • 1849 - Constitution of the German Empire proclaimed by Frankfurt Parliament.
  • 1856 - Frankfurter Zeitung begins publication.
  • 1858 - Frankfurt Zoological Garden founded.[10]
  • 1859 - Frankfurt City Link Line begins operating.
  • 1861 - Population: 71,462.[11]
  • 1863 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Federation of German Workers Associations|de|3=Vereinstag Deutscher Arbeitervereine}} founded in Frankfurt.[12]
  • 1866 - City becomes part of Hesse-Nassau, Prussia.[8]
  • 1867 - Frankfurt Cathedral rebuilt.
  • 1868 - Eiserner Steg (bridge) built.{{sfn|Tiefbauwesen|1903}}
  • 1871
    • Treaty of Frankfurt signed.[8]
    • Palmengarten opens.
  • 1872 - Trams begin operating.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}}
  • 1875 - Population: 103,136.
  • 1878 - Dr. Hoch’s Konservatorium - Musikakademie founded.
  • 1879 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Kleinmarkthalle Frankfurt|de}} (market) opens.[13]
  • 1880 - Alte Oper inaugurated.
  • 1881 - Metallgesellschaft founded.
  • 1886 - Frankfurter Friedensverein (peace group) organized.[14]
  • 1895
    • Bockenheim becomes part of city.
    • Stempel Type Foundry established.
    • Population: 229,279.
  • 1897 - Frankfurt Motor Show begins.

20th century

1900s-1940s

  • 1904 - Museum der Weltkulturen founded.
  • 1905 - Population: 334,978.
  • 1909
    • Städtische Galerie Liebieghaus established.
    • Festhalle built.
  • 1914 - University of Frankfurt established.
  • 1919 - Population: 433,002.[15]
  • 1923 - Institute for Social Research founded.
  • 1925 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Husarendenkmal (Frankfurt am Main)|de}} (monument) installed.
  • 1926 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Alte Brücke (Frankfurt am Main)|de}} (bridge) rebuilt.
  • 1928
    • Höchst becomes part of city.[16]
    • Großmarkthalle built.
    • Population: 551,200.
  • 1929
    • Frankfurt Radio Symphony Orchestra formed.[17]
    • Holy Cross Church built.
  • 1930 - IG Farben Building constructed.
  • 1931 - Frankfurter Volksbank Stadion opens.
  • 1934 - Adlerwerke vorm. Heinrich Kleyer established.
  • 1936
    • Frankfurt Airport opens.
    • Grüneburgpark opens.
  • 1938 - Frankfurt University of Music and Performing Arts founded.
  • 1944 - Bombing begins.
  • 1945
    • July: American zone of Allied-occupied Germany headquartered in Frankfurt.
    • Frankfurter Rundschau begins publication.
  • 1946 - Eschwege displaced persons camp set up.
  • 1948
    • Hessischer Rundfunk begins broadcasting.
    • Bank deutscher Länder headquartered in Frankfurt.[18]
  • 1949
    • Frankfurt Book Fair resumes.
    • Deutsches Institut für Filmkunde founded.
    • Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.

1950s-1990s

  • 1951 - Opern- und Schauspielhaus Frankfurt built.
  • 1953 - Population: 600,579.
  • 1954 - Goethe House opens.
  • 1955 - Frankfurt Egelsbach Airport opens.
  • 1957 - Deutsche Bundesbank headquartered in Frankfurt.[18]
  • 1958
    • Noor Mosque built.[19]
    • Museum für Kommunikation Frankfurt and Cinema Kino[20] open.
  • 1959 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Justizvollzugsanstalt Frankfurt am Main IV|de}} (prison) begins operating.
  • 1960
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Sigmund-Freud-Institut|de}} founded.
    • City twinned with Lyon, France.[21]
  • 1963 - Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials begin.
  • 1966 - City twinned with Birmingham, United Kingdom.[21]
  • 1967 - City twinned with Deuil-La Barre, France.[21]
  • 1968 - Frankfurt U-Bahn begins operating.
  • 1970
    • Peace Research Institute Frankfurt[22] and {{Interlanguage link multi|Frankfurter Autoren Theater|de}}  founded.
    • City twinned with Milan, Italy.[21]
  • 1974 - City-Haus built.
  • 1978
    • Rhine-Main S-Bahn begins operating.
    • Historic Railway museum founded.
  • 1979
    • Europaturm built.
    • Titanic magazine begins publication.
    • City twinned with Cairo, Egypt.[21]
  • 1980 - City twinned with Tel Aviv, Israel.[21]
  • 1981
    • Frankfurt Marathon begins.
    • Museum für Moderne Kunst founded.
  • 1984 - German Architecture Museum opens.[23]
  • 1987 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Neues Theater Höchst|de}} founded.
  • 1988 - City twinned with Guangzhou, China.[21]
  • 1989
    • City hosts Bundesgartenschau (garden show).[24]
    • City twinned with Toronto, Canada.[21]
  • 1990 - City twinned with Budapest, Hungary, and Prague, Czech Republic.[21]
  • 1991
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Andreas von Schoeler|de}} becomes mayor.
    • City twinned with Granada, Nicaragua, Kraków, Poland, and Leipzig.[21][38]
  • 1992 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Institut für Stadtgeschichte (Frankfurt am Main)|de}} (Institute for City History) established.
  • 1993
    • Westendstrasse 1 built.
    • Deutsche Börse headquartered in Frankfurt.
  • 1994 - European Monetary Institute headquartered in Frankfurt.[18]
  • 1995
    • Deutscher Commercial Internet Exchange founded.
    • Petra Roth becomes mayor.
  • 1996 - City website online (approximate date).[25]
  • 1998 - European Central Bank headquartered in Frankfurt.
  • 1999 - Main Tower built.
  • 2000
    • Museum Giersch opens.
    • Population: 646,550.

21st century

  • 2001 - {{illm|CineStar KG|lt=Cinestar|de|Cinestar}} Metropolis (movie theatre) in business.[20]
  • 2002 - Köln–Frankfurt high-speed rail line begins operating.
  • 2003
    • Bikeshare program launched.[26]
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Adorno-Denkmal|de}} (monument) installed.
  • 2005
    • Wikimania conference held in city.
  • 2007
    • Centre for Christian Meditation and Spirituality of the Diocese of Limburg in the Holy Cross Church in Bornheim founded.
    • City twinned with Dubai, United Arab Emirates.[38]
  • 2009 - Zeil renovated.
  • 2011 - City twinned with Yokohama, Japan.[38]
  • 2012
    • Peter Feldmann becomes mayor.[27]
  • 2013 - City twinned with Eskişehir, Turkey.[38]
  • 2014 - Population: 714,241.
  • 2015
    • Economic unrest.[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-31938592]
    • City twinned with Philadelphia, United States.[28]

See also

  • History of Frankfurt am Main
  • List of mayors of Frankfurt

Other cities in the state of Hesse:(de)

  • Timeline of Kassel

References

1. ^{{cite book|author=Hermann Tallau |title=Ein Kaleidoskop zum Schützenwesen |year= 2008|publisher=Mecke Druck und Verlag |location=Duderstadt |isbn=978-3-936617-85-6 |language=German |chapter= Alteste (100) Schützenvereinigungen 799-1392 |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=MnyAc2VzNXwC&pg=PA67 }}
2. ^{{cite book|author= {{Interlanguage link multi|Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum|de}} |title=History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders |year= 1996|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-15510-4 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=9Za4jdBEVB4C&pg=PA392 }}
3. ^{{cite book|author= William Grange |title=Historical Dictionary of German Theater |year= 2006|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-6489-4 |chapter=Chronology |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=WetnNgbRXDoC&pg=PR13 }}
4. ^{{cite book|author= Henri Bouchot |editor=H. Grevel |location=London |title=The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time|year=1890|publisher=H. Grevel & Co. |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=5ycxAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA367 |chapter=Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established }}
5. ^{{cite book|author=Alan Davidson |title= Oxford Companion to Food |year= 2014 |edition=3rd |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-104072-6 }}
6. ^{{cite book|author=Franz A.J. Szabo|title=The Seven Years War in Europe: 1756-1763|year= 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-88697-6 |chapter=Chronology of Major Events |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=GaUuAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA435 }}
7. ^{{cite book|editor= Colin Lawson |title= Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra|year= 2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-00132-8 |chapter= Orchestras Founded in the 19th Century (chronological list) |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=1DW1WyiooSMC&pg=PA275 }}
8. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author= Ernest F. Henderson |title=A Short History of Germany |year=1937 |via=HathiTrust |publisher=Macmillan |location=New York |chapter= Chronological Table: 1658-1914 |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b3851058?urlappend=%3Bseq=1159 }}
9. ^{{cite book|author= Mitchel P. Roth |title=Prisons and Prison Systems: A Global Encyclopedia|year=2006|publisher=Greenwood |isbn=978-0-313-32856-5 |chapter=Chronology |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=RTH31DgbTzgC&pg=PR31 }}
10. ^{{Citation |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL24532112M/Führer_durch_den_zoologischen_Garten_in_Frankfurt-am-Main |language=German |publication-date = 1870 |publication-place = Frankfurt a.M |title = Führer durch den zoologischen Garten in Frankfurt-am-Main }}
11. ^{{cite book|author= {{Interlanguage link multi|Georg Friedrich Kolb|de}} |language=German |title=Grundriss der Statistik der Völkerzustands- und Staatenkunde |year=1862 |location=Leipzig |publisher=A. Förstnersche Buchhandlung |chapter=Deutschland: Frankfurt am Main |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=QkBVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA61 }}
12. ^{{cite book|author= Masao Nishikawa |title=Socialists and International Actions for Peace 1914-1923 |year=2010|publisher={{Interlanguage link multi|Frank & Timme|de}} |isbn=978-3-86596-296-6}}
13. ^{{cite book|author= Ursula Heinzelmann |title=Food Culture in Germany|year= 2008|publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-313-34495-4 |chapter=Timeline |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=ULLygtLOI-kC&pg=PR15 }}
14. ^{{cite book|author= Alfred Hermann Fried |title= Handbuch der Friedensbewegung |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EVkCAAAAYAAJ|year=1905 |location=Vienna |publisher=Verlag der Oesterreichischen Friedensgesellschaft |language=German |trans-title=Handbook of the Peace Movement }}
15. ^{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1921 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Germany: Principal Towns |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=972 |via=HathiTrust }}
16. ^{{citation |url=http://www.stadtgeschichte-ffm.de/service/chronik/chronik_0.html |title= Die Entwicklung zur modernen Großstadt 1866-1945 |work=Chronik der Stadt Frankfurt am Main |language=German |accessdate=30 September 2015 |publisher=Institut für Stadtgeschichte |location=Frankfurt }}
17. ^{{cite book|editor= Colin Lawson |title= Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra|year= 2003|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-00132-8 |chapter= Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list) |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=1DW1WyiooSMC&pg=PA277 }}
18. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://projects.exeter.ac.uk/RDavies/arian/amser/chrono.html |title=Comparative Chronology of Money |author1= Glyn Davies |author2= Roy Davies |year=2002 |via=University of Exeter }}
19. ^{{cite book|editor=Jocelyne Cesari |title= Oxford Handbook of European Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NW7DBAAAQBAJ|year= 2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-960797-6}}
20. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/germany/frankfurt?status=all |title=Movie Theaters in Frankfurt, Germany |work=CinemaTreasures.org |publisher= Cinema Treasures LLC |location=Los Angeles |accessdate= 30 September 2015 }}
21. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{citation |url=http://www.stadtgeschichte-ffm.de/service/chronik/chronik_0.html |title= Die Zeitgeschichte 1945-2000 |work=Chronik der Stadt Frankfurt am Main |language=German |accessdate=30 September 2015 |publisher=Institut für Stadtgeschichte |location=Frankfurt }}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.isn.ethz.ch/Digital-Library/Organizations |title=Organizations |work= International Relations and Security Network |location=Switzerland |publisher=Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich |accessdate=30 October 2014 }}
23. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dam-online.de/portal/en/AboutUs/Start/0/0/0/0/1849.aspx |title=About Us |author=Deutsches Architekturmuseum |accessdate=July 22, 2012}}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://bundesgartenschau.de/buga-iga/bisherige-gartenschauen/ |title=Bisherige Gartenschauen |language=German |trans-title=Previous Garden Shows |publisher=Deutsche Bundesgartenschau-Gesellschaft |location=Bonn |accessdate=2 December 2013}}
25. ^{{cite web |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/19961231213218/http://www.frankfurt-main.de/ |url= http://www.frankfurt-main.de |archivedate= December 1996 |language= German |title= Stadt Frankfurt Online |via= Internet Archive, Wayback Machine }}
26. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nybikeshare.org/explore/ |title=Exploring Bike-Shares In Other Cities |work=New York Bike Share Project |publisher=Storefront for Art and Architecture |accessdate=30 November 2014 }}
27. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/german-mayors.html |title=German mayors |location=London |work=City Mayors.com |publisher=City Mayors Foundation |accessdate=27 April 2013}}
28. ^1 2 3 4 {{citation |url=http://www.frankfurt.de/sixcms/detail.php?id=3932&_ffmpar |title= Frankfurts Partnerstädte |language=German |publisher= Stadt Frankfurt am Main |accessdate=30 September 2015 }}
This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}

in English

Published in 18th-19th centuries
  • {{Citation

|publisher =S. Birt |publication-place = London |author = Thomas Nugent |title = The Grand Tour
|publication-date = 1749
|chapter=Frankfort |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015030762572?urlappend=%3Bseq=338 |volume=2: Germany and Holland
}}
  • {{Citation

|title = Descriptive Road-Book of Germany
|author= Edward Augustus Domeier
|publication-date = 1830
|publisher = Samuel Leigh |location=London
|chapter= Frankfort on the Maine
|chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.hx167e?urlappend=%3Bseq=92
}}
Published in 20th century
  • {{cite book

|title=Guide to Some of the Public Works of Frankfort-am-Main |author= Frankfurt am Main. City Engineers Dept.
|year=1907 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bTsxAQAAMAAJ
}}
  • {{cite book

|title=Official guide for Frankfort-on-Main and vicinity
|year=1908
|publisher=R. Th. Hauser & Co. |author=Frankfurter Verkehrsverein |location=Frankfort-on-Main |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G7APAAAAYAAJ
}}
  • {{Citation

|publication-place = New York | title = Encyclopædia Britannica
|chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabrit11chisrich#page/16/mode/2up |publication-date = 1910 |edition=11th |chapter=Frankfort-on-Main |oclc = 14782424
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
}}
  • {{Citation

|publisher = Karl Baedeker |publication-place = Leipzig |title = The Rhine |chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/rhineincludingb00firgoog#page/n440/mode/2up |chapter=Frankfort
|publication-date = 1911
|oclc = 21888483

}} + [https://archive.org/stream/rhinefromrotter00karl#page/200/mode/2up 1882 ed.]

  • {{Citation

|publisher = Grant Richards |publication-place = London |author = Nathaniel Newnham Davis |title = The Gourmet's Guide to Europe
|publication-date = 1911
|edition=3rd |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/gourmetsguidetoe00daviuoft#page/194/mode/2up |chapter=Frankfort-am-Main
}}
  • {{Citation

|publication-place = [New York?] |author = Martin Herbert Dodge |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL6632558M/The_government_of_the_city_of_Frankfort-on-the_Main |title = The government of the city of Frankfort-on-the Main
|publication-date = 1920
|oclc = 2056934
}}
  • {{cite book

|author=Robert E Dickinson
|title=West European City: a Geographical Interpretation
|year= 1951
|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-25970-8
|chapter=Structure of the German City: Frankfurt
|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=OXH6AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA101
}}
  • {{cite book

|author= {{Interlanguage link multi|Carl-Ludwig Holtfrerich|de}}
|title=Frankfurt as a Financial Centre: From Medieval Trade Fair to European Banking Centre
|year=1999
|publisher=C.H.Beck|isbn=978-3-406-45671-8
|chapter=Chronicle of Frankfurt as a financial centre (chronology)
|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=UAY9ugffPXQC&pg=PA307

}} (chronology)

in German

  • {{cite book

|title=Topographia Hassiae et Regionum Vicinarum |series=Topographia Germaniae |location=Frankfurt |chapter=Franckfurt |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=I1VXAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA33 |language=German |page=27+

}} circa 1646/1655

  • {{cite book

|title=Biblioteca geographica: Verzeichniss der seit der Mitte des vorigen Jahrhunderts bis zu Ende des Jahres 1856 in Deutschland
|year=1858
|location=Leipzig
|publisher=Wilhelm Engelmann
|language=German
|chapter= Frankfurt a.M.
|chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=p6o6AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA494

}} (bibliography)

  • {{cite book

|author=Stadtgemeinde Frankfurt a.M. |title=Das städtische Tiefbauwesen in Frankfurt a.M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QJIOAAAAYAAJ|year=1903|publisher=Schirmer & Mahkau
|language=German
| ref = {{harvid|Tiefbauwesen|1903}}
}}
  • {{cite book

|title=Frankfurt a.M. |series=Griebens Reiseführer |language=German |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006571973 |year=1912
}}
  • {{cite book

|editor=P. Krauss und E. Uetrecht
|title=Meyers Deutscher Städteatlas |trans-title=Meyer's Atlas of German Cities
|year=1913
|publisher=Bibliographisches Institut
|location=Leipzig
|language=German
|url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009018394
|chapter= Frankfurt a.M.
}}{{refend}}

External links

{{commons category|Frankfurt am Main}}
  • Tourismus+Congress GmbH. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130914061139/http://www.frankfurt-tourismus.de/cms/tourismussuite/en/tourist_information_frankfurt/frankfurt_city_history.html Frankfurt City History]
{{coord|50.111806|8.685944|type:city|display=title}}{{Germany districts hesse}}{{Germany year nav}}

4 : Years in Germany|History of Frankfurt|Timelines of cities in Germany|Lists by city in Germany
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