| 释义 |
- Prior to 20th century
- 20th century
- 21st century
- See also
- References
- Bibliography
- External links
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Haifa, Israel. {{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}Prior to 20th century{{History of Israel}}- 1046 – Persian traveler Nasir Khusraw visits village.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1100 or 1101 – a Crusader fleet and land army conquer Haifa. The Crusaders rename it Caiphas.[1]{{sfn|Carmel|2010}}
- 1187 – Saladin captures Haifa.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1251 – Fortifications built by Louis IX of France (approximate date).{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1291 – Mamluk Al-Ashraf Khalil captures Haifa.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1869 – German Colony established near town.{{sfn|Agoston|2009}}
- 1873 – Najib Effendi al-Yasin becomes mayor.
- 1883 – Rushdi school opens.{{sfn|Yazbak|1998}}
- 1887 – Haifa becomes part of the Ottoman Beirut Vilayet.{{sfn|Yazbak|1998}}
- 1898 – Pier and Jaffa-Haifa roadway built.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
20th century- 1905 – Hejaz Railroad branch begins operating;{{sfn|Agoston|2009}} train station built.{{sfn|Yazbak|1998}}
- 1908 – Al-Karmil newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1909 – Shrine of the Báb built on Mt. Carmel.
- 1912 – Maccabi Haifa sport club formed.
- 1913 – Hebrew Reali School and Maccabi Haifa Football Club established.
- 1918 – 23 September: Haifa occupied by British forces.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1921 – Haifa Chamber of Commerce and Industry established.[3]
- 1922 – Population: 24,600.
- 1924
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology opens.
- Hapoel Haifa Football Club formed.
- 1928 – Stella Maris Light built.
- 1931 – Population: 50,403.
- 1933 – Port of Haifa expanded.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1934 – Haifa Airport established.
- 1935
- Mosul–Haifa oil pipeline commissioned.
- Armon Cinema opens.[3]
- 1937 – Orah Cinema in business (approximate date).[3]
- 1938 – British Government Hospital established.
- 1939 – Oil refinery built.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1941 – Shabtai Levy becomes mayor.
- 1944 – Al-Ittihad newspaper begins publication.
- 1947 – Population: 145,140.
- 1948
- April: Battle of Haifa (1948).{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- Haifa becomes part of the State of Israel.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
- 1950 – New Haifa Symphony Orchestra established.
- 1951
- Haifa Museum of Art established.
- Abba Hushi becomes mayor.
- Al-Jadid literary journal begins publication.[3]
- 1953 – Gordon College of Education established.
- 1955 – Kiryat Eliezer Stadium opens.
- 1959 – Haifa Underground Funicular Railway begins operating.[4]
- 1960 – Tikotin Museum of Japanese Art opens on Mt. Carmel.
- 1961
- Haifa Theatre founded.
- Population: 183,021.
- 1963 – University of Haifa established.
- 1969
- Technion's Rappaport Faculty of Medicine established.
- Moshe Flimann becomes mayor.
- Clandestine Immigration and Naval Museum opens.
- 1971 – WIZO Haifa Academy of Design and Education established.
- 1972
- IBM Haifa Research Laboratory established.
- Israeli National Maritime Museum opens.
- 1973 – Sister city relationship established with San Francisco, USA.[5]
- 1974
- Matam hi-tech area developed.
- Yosef Almogi becomes mayor.
- 1975
- Haifa Cinematheque established.
- Yeruham Zeisel becomes mayor.
- 1976 – Romema Arena opens.
- 1978 – Aryeh Gur'el becomes mayor.
- 1983
- Haifa International Film Festival begins.
- Israel Railway Museum opens.
- Population: 225,775.
- 1984 – Hecht Museum established.
- 1989 – September: Mount Carmel forest fire (1989).
- 1991 – Lev HaMifratz Mall in business.
- 1993 – Amram Mitzna becomes mayor.
- 1999 – Grand Canyon (mall) and Carmel Beach Railway Station open.
21st century- 2001 – Hutzot HaMifratz Railway Station and Lev HaMifratz Railway Station open.
- 2002
- Sail Tower built.
- Haifa Bay Central Bus Station opens.
- 2003
- Yona Yahav becomes mayor.
- IEC Tower built.
- Carmel Beach Central Bus Station opens.
- 2004 – Almadina newspaper begins publication.
- 2006 – 13 July: Haifa bombarded by Lebanese Hezbollah forces.[6]
- 2008 – Bahá'í World Centre designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- 2010
- December: Mount Carmel forest fire (2010).
- Carmel Tunnels open.
- 2011 – Wikimania 2011 held in Haifa.
- 2012 – Israeli Personal Computer Museum opens.
- 2013 – Population: 272,181.
- 2014 – Sammy Ofer Stadium opens.
- 2016 – November 2016 Israel wildfires[7]
See also- History of Haifa
- Timelines of other cities in Israel: Tel Aviv (+ Jaffa)
- Timeline of Jerusalem
References1. ^{{cite book |title=A History of Palestine, 634–1099 |author= Moshe Gil|year=1992 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=829 |isbn=9780521404372 |url=https://books.google.co.il/books?id=tSM4AAAAIAAJ }}
2. ^{{cite book|author= Philip Mattar |title=Encyclopedia of the Palestinians |year= 2005|publisher=Facts on File |isbn=978-0-8160-6986-6 |chapter=Chronology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GkbzYoZtaJMC |page=572+ }}
3. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/israel/haifa?status=all |title=Movie Theaters in Haifa, Israel |work=CinemaTreasures.org |publisher= Cinema Treasures LLC |location=Los Angeles |accessdate=30 January 2015 }}
4. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=Europa World Year Book |year=2004|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-1-85743-254-1 |chapter=Israel: Directory |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=wGA4o-UhAfgC |page=2266+ }}
5. ^{{cite web |publisher=City & County of San Francisco |title= San Francisco Sister Cities |accessdate=1 December 2015 |url= http://www.oewd.org/index.aspx?page=100 |location=USA }}
6. ^{{cite book|author1=Bernard Reich|author2=David H. Goldberg|title=Historical Dictionary of Israel|year= 2008|publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-6403-0 |chapter=Chronology |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mf-xAAAAQBAJ&pg=PR21 }}
7. ^https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/11/24/five-countries-help-israel-fight-massive-fires/
This article incorporates information from the Hebrew Wikipedia.Bibliography{{Refbegin}}- {{Citation |publisher = J. Murray |publication-place = London |title = Handbook for Travellers in Syria and Palestine |publication-date = 1858 |oclc = 2300777 |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=3kNTAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA373 |chapter=Haifa
}}- {{Citation |publisher = Karl Baedeker |publication-place = Leipsig |title = Palestine and Syria |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=qoIDAAAAQAAJ |publication-date = 1876 |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=qoIDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA348 |chapter = Haifa, Sycaminum
}}- {{citation |title=Jewish Encyclopedia |location=New York |chapter=Haifa |author=M. Franco |volume=6 |year= 1907 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/jewishencycloped06sing#page/156/mode/1up
}}- {{Citation |publisher = Encyclopædia Britannica |publication-place = New York |title = The Encyclopædia Britannica |publication-date = 1910 |oclc = 14782424 |edition=11th |chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabrit12chisrich#page/820/mode/2up |chapter = Haifa }}
- {{cite book|author= Mahmoud Yazbak |title=Haifa in the Late Ottoman Period, 1864–1914: A Muslim Town in Transition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DPseCvbPsKsC|year=1998|publisher=Brill |isbn=90-04-11051-8
|ref= {{harvid|Yazbak|1998}}
}}- {{cite book|author= May Seikaly |title=Haifa: Transformation of an Arab Society, 1918–39|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QlQBAwAAQBAJ|year= 2000|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-0-85771-842-6
}}- {{cite book|author= Philip Mattar |title=Encyclopedia of the Palestinians |year= 2005|publisher=Facts on File |isbn=978-0-8160-6986-6 |chapter=Haifa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GkbzYoZtaJMC |page=192
}}- {{cite book |title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World |editor=C. Edmund Bosworth |year=2007 |publisher=Koninklijke Brill |location=Leiden |page=149+ |chapter=Haifa |isbn=9004153888 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=UB4uSVt3ulUC
|ref= {{harvid|Bosworth|2007}}
}}- {{Citation |publisher = ABC-CLIO |publication-place = Santa Barbara, USA |editor1 = Michael R.T. Dumper |editor2=Bruce E. Stanley |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa |publication-date = 2008 |chapter= Haifa }}
- {{cite book|editor=Gabor Agoston and Bruce Alan Masters |title=Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire |year= 2009|publisher=Facts on File |isbn=978-1-4381-1025-7 |chapter= Haifa |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QjzYdCxumFcC |page=246
|ref= {{harvid|Agoston|2009}}
}}- {{cite book |title=Ottoman Haifa: A History of Four Centuries under Turkish Rule |series=Library of Middle East History (Book 2) |author=Alex Carmel |year=2010 |location=London |publisher=I. B. Tauris |page=2 of the Introduction |isbn=9781848855601 |url=https://books.google.co.il/books?id=Ea33AgAAQBAJ
|ref= {{harvid|Carmel|2010}}
}}{{refend}}External links{{Commons category|Haifa}}- Map of Haifa (1958), via the University of Texas
- [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=haifa+israel&rows=96 Items related to Haifa] (various dates), via Europeana
- Items related to Haifa (various dates), via the Digital Public Library of America
{{Israel year nav}}{{Coord|32.816667|34.983333|display=title}} 5 : Years in Israel|History of Haifa|Timelines of cities in Israel|Haifa-related lists|Israel history-related lists |