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词条 Timeline of Lowell, Massachusetts
释义

  1. 19th century

  2. 20th century

  3. 21st century

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. Bibliography

  7. External links

  8. Images

The following is a timeline of the history of Lowell, Massachusetts, US.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

19th century

  • 1822
    • Merrimack Manufacturing Company incorporated.{{sfn|Federal Writers' Project|1937}}
    • Hugh Cummiskley leads 30 Irishmen up the Middlesex Canal starting in Charleston, Mass to Pawtucket falls in Chelmsford, Ma{{sfn|Eno|1976}}
  • 1824
    • St. Anne's Church organized.{{sfn|March|1849}}
    • Lowell Daily Journal and Courier begins publication.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
  • 1825 - Middlesex Mechanic Association,[1] Hamilton Manufacturing Company,{{sfn|March|1849}}and Mechanic Phalanx established.{{sfn|Prescott|1841}}
  • 1826
    • Town of Lowell established from Chelmsford land.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
    • First Baptist Church and First Universalist Church organized.{{sfn|March|1849}}
    • Merrimack Journal newspaper in publication.[2]
    • Central Bridge opens.[3]
  • 1827 - First Methodist Episcopal Church organized.{{sfn|March|1849}}
  • 1828 - Appleton Company, Lowell Bank, and Lowell Manufacturing Company incorporated.{{sfn|March|1849}}
  • 1829
    • Lowell Institution for Savings incorporated.{{sfn|March|1849}}
    • Lowell Fire Department established.[3]
  • 1830
    • Lawrence Manufacturing Company, Middlesex Company, Suffolk Manufacturing Company, and Tremont Mills incorporated.{{sfn|March|1849}}
    • Appleton Street Church, South Congregational Church, and Worthen Street Baptist Church established.{{sfn|March|1849}}
    • Town Hall built.{{sfn|Industries|1886}}
    • Population: 6,474.[3]
  • 1831
    • First Roman Catholic Church organized.{{sfn|March|1849}}
    • Railroad Bank incorporated.{{sfn|March|1849}}
  • 1832 - Lowell Bleachery incorporated.{{sfn|March|1849}}
  • 1833 - Police Court established.{{sfn|Sampson|1870}}
  • 1834
    • Women's labor strike.[4]
    • First Freewill Baptist Church organized.{{sfn|March|1849}}
    • Lowell Advertiser and Lowell Patriot newspapers begin publication.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}[2]
    • Lowell Circulating Library in business.[5]
    • James Abbott McNeill Whistler born.
  • 1835
    • Boston and Lowell Railroad begins operating.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
    • Boott Cotton Mills incorporated.{{sfn|March|1849}}
  • 1836
    • City of Lowell incorporated.{{sfn|Anniversary|1886}}
    • Factory Girls' Association,[4] Dispensary,{{sfn|Prescott|1841}} Lowell Temperance Society,{{sfn|Prescott|1841}} and Second Universalist Parish[3] established.
  • 1838
    • Nashua and Lowell Railroad begins operating.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
    • County jail built.{{sfn|Industries|1886}}
  • 1839
    • Massachusetts Cotton Mills incorporated.[3]
    • Middlesex Horticultural Society[3] and Lowell Medical Association{{sfn|Floyd|1840}} founded.
  • 1840
    • Hospital Association{{sfn|Prescott|1841}} and Lowell Museum established.
    • Lowell Offering begins publication.
    • Population: 20,796.[3]
  • 1841
    • Lowell Cemetery established.
    • Vox Populi newspaper begins publication.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
  • 1843 - First Wesleyan Methodist Church{{sfn|March|1849}}and Missionary Association established.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
  • 1844 - City Library,[5] Lowell Female Labor Reform Association,[6] and New Jerusalem Swedenborgian Church established.{{sfn|March|1849}}
  • 1845 - Lowell Machine Shop incorporated.{{sfn|March|1849}}
  • 1846
    • Lowell and Lawrence Railroad incorporated.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
    • Jefferson Bancroft becomes mayor.[7]
  • 1847 - June: U.S. president Polk visits Lowell.{{sfn|Cowley|1856}}
  • 1848 - Francis floodgate{{sfn|Federal Writers' Project|1937}} and Colburn School built.
  • 1850
    • Lowell Gas Light Company in business.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
    • Salem and Lowell Railroad begins operating.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
    • Middlesex County Law Library founded.[5]
    • Court-House built.{{sfn|Industries|1886}}
    • Population: 33,383.[3]
  • 1851 - Lowell Daily Citizen newspaper begins publication.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
  • 1852 - May: Lajos Kossuth visits Lowell.{{sfn|Cowley|1856}}
  • 1853
    • Belvidere Woollen Manufacturing Company organized.{{sfn|Adams|1857}}
    • St. Patrick's Church and Merrimack Street Depot built.{{sfn|Industries|1886}}
  • 1856 - Jail built.{{sfn|Industries|1886}}
  • 1857 - Varnum School built.
  • 1863 - High School Association organized.{{sfn|Sampson|1870}}
  • 1864 - Lowell Horse Railroad begins operating.{{sfn|Sampson|1870}}
  • 1865
    • United States Bunting Company in business.{{sfn|Sampson|1875}}
    • Wamesit Power Company incorporated.{{sfn|Sampson|1875}}
  • 1867 - St. John's Hospital and Young Men's Christian Association established.{{sfn|Sampson|1870}}[19]
  • 1868 - Old Franklin Literary Association{{sfn|Sampson|1875}} and Old Residents' Historical Association organized.[8]
  • 1870 - Coggeshall's Circulating Library in business.[5]
  • 1873 - Young Women's Home established.{{sfn|Sampson|1875}}
  • 1875 - Riding Park, and Club Dramatique established.{{sfn|Sampson|1875}}
  • 1876
    • Moxie beverage invented.[9]
    • Lowell Art Association founded.
  • 1882 - Butler School built.
  • 1883
    • Public Library opens.{{sfn|Industries|1886}}
    • Yorick Club active.
  • 1887 - Board of Trade established.{{sfn|Ellis|1899}}
  • 1889 - Opera House built.
  • 1890 - Population: 77,696.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1891 - Lowell General Hospital founded.{{sfn|Coburn|1920}}[19]
  • 1893 - Lowell Post Office built.
  • 1894 - Normal School{{sfn|Federal Writers' Project|1937}} and Middlesex Women's Club[7] founded.
  • 1895 - Middlesex Village School built.[7]
  • 1897 - Lowell Textile School opens.{{sfn|Federal Writers' Project|1937}}
  • 1898 - Pawtucket Congregational Church built.

20th century

{{Expand section|date=October 2012}}
  • 1900 - Gaity Theatre opens.[26]
  • 1902 - Lowell Historical Society incorporated.[10]
  • 1908 - Holy Trinity Greek Orthodox Church built.
  • 1910 - Population: 106,294.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1911 - Colonial Theatre opens.[26]
  • 1917 - Demoulas Market (grocery) in business.[11]
  • 1918 - International Institute active.{{sfn|Stanton|2006}}
  • 1922 - Lowell Memorial Auditorium built.
  • 1924 - Commodore Ballroom opens.[7]
  • 1925 - Edith Nourse Rogers becomes U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 5th congressional district.[12]
  • 1927 - Victory Theater opens.[26]
  • 1930 - Post Office built.
  • 1937 - Cawley Memorial Stadium built.
  • 1942 - Lowell Ordnance Plant active.
  • 1946 - New England Golden Gloves boxing tournament begins.[13]
  • 1951
    • WCAP (AM) radio begins broadcasting.
    • Monarch Diner in business.
  • 1970 - Lowell Community Health Center established. [14]
  • 1974 - Lowell Regional Transit Authority created.
  • 1975
    • University of Massachusetts Lowell established.
    • Paul Tsongas becomes U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 5th congressional district.[15]
  • 1976 - Wang Laboratories relocates to Lowell.{{sfn|Boston Globe|1992}}
  • 1978
    • Lowell National Historical Park established.{{sfn|Goldstein|2000}}
    • Yorick Club goes bankrupt.
  • 1979
    • B. Joseph Tully becomes city manager.[16]
    • Merrimack Regional Theatre active.
  • 1980
    • Wang headquarters construction begins.[17]
    • Population: 92,418.[18]
  • 1983 - Lowell Historic Board and Downtown Lowell Historic District established.[19]
  • 1987
    • Middlesex Community College opens campus in Lowell.
    • New England Quilt Museum founded.[20]
  • 1989
    • Glory Buddhist Temple established.[21]
    • Sister city relationship established with Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, France.
  • 1990
    • Lowell Folk Festival begins.[22]
    • Baystate Marathon begins.
  • 1991
    • Richard Johnson becomes city manager.
    • University of Massachusetts' Industrial History Center established.[20]
  • 1992 - August: Wang goes bankrupt.{{sfn|Boston Globe|1992}}
  • 1995
    • Brian J. Martin becomes city manager.
    • Chamber of Commerce formed.[23]
  • 1996
    • Lowell Spinners baseball team founded.
    • Stoklosa Alumni Field opens.
  • 1997
    • Showcase Cinema in business.[24]
    • Merrimack Valley Textile Museum relocated to Lowell.
  • 1998
    • Edward A. LeLacheur Park and Paul E. Tsongas Center at UMass Lowell open.
    • Lowell Lock Monsters hockey team formed.
    • City website online (approximate date).[25]{{Chronology citation needed|date=January 2016}}

21st century

{{Expand section|date=October 2012}}
  • 2000
    • John Cox becomes city manager.[26]
    • String Project (music education) established.[27]
  • 2001
    • Cultural Organization of Lowell established.[28]
    • Winterfest begins.
    • Sister city relationships established with Phnom Penh and Siem Reap, Cambodia.[29]
  • 2006
    • Bernard Lynch becomes city manager.[30]
    • Shree Swaminarayan Temple established.[21][31]
    • Sister city relationship established with Bryansk, Russia.{{citation needed|date=December 2014}}
  • 2007 - Niki Tsongas becomes U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 5th congressional district.[32]
  • 2010
    • Patrick O. Murphy becomes mayor.[33]
    • Sister city relationship established with Winneba, Ghana.{{citation needed|date=December 2014}}
    • Population: 106,519.[34]
  • 2014
    • July: Fire.[35]
    • Kevin Murphy becomes city manager. 

See also

  • History of Lowell, Massachusetts
  • List of mayors and city managers of Lowell, Massachusetts
  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Lowell, Massachusetts
  • Timelines of other municipalities in Middlesex County, Massachusetts: Cambridge, Somerville, Waltham

References

1. ^{{Citation |publisher = Leonard Huntress, printer |title = Catalogue of the Library of the Middlesex Mechanic Association, at Lowell, Mass. |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL23535943M/A_Catalogue_of_the_Library_of_the_Middlesex_Mechanic_Association_at_Lowell_Mass._With_the_Act_... |publication-date = 1840 |oclc = 11765136 }}
2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/search/titles/results/?state=Massachusetts&county=Middlesex&city=Lowell&rows=50&sort=date |title=US Newspaper Directory |location=Washington DC |work=Chronicling America |publisher=Library of Congress |accessdate=December 30, 2014 }}
3. ^1 2 {{citation |title=Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990 |year=1998 |url=https://www.census.gov/library/working-papers/1998/demo/POP-twps0027.html |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau }}
4. ^1 {{cite book|editor=Aaron Brenner|title=Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History |year= 2009 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe|isbn=978-0-7656-2645-5 |chapter=Timeline |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=EHzk54IjNpEC&pg=PR17 |display-editors=etal}}
5. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=http://www.princeton.edu/~davpro/databases/index.html |title=American Libraries before 1876 |author= Davies Project |publisher=Princeton University |accessdate=October 4, 2012}}
6. ^{{cite book|author= Sue Heinemann |title=Timelines of American Women's History|year=1996|publisher= Berkley Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-399-51986-4}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web |url=http://www.lowellhistoricalsociety.org/research.htm |publisher=Lowell Historical Society |title=Research |accessdate=January 25, 2014 |quote=Collections }}
8. ^{{Citation |publisher = The Association |publication-place = Lowell, Mass. |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL14001898M/Contributions_of_the_Old_residents'_historical_association |title = Contributions of the Old Residents' Historical Association |publication-date = 1873 }}
9. ^{{cite book|author=Andrew F. Smith|title=Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia |year= 2011|publisher=Greenwood |isbn=978-0-313-39393-8 |chapter= Chronology |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=7-WcKK01H1cC&pg=PR47 }}
10. ^{{Citation |publication-place = Lowell, Mass. |author = Lowell Historical Society |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL18112818M/By-laws. |title = By-Laws |publication-date = 1902 }}
11. ^{{citation |work=Boston Globe |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2014/07/31/understand-market-basket-feud-head-lowell-where-all-began/fI7SfJkitFk4V0dtNQU6yO/story.html |date=July 31, 2014 |title=To understand Market Basket feud, head to Lowell }}
12. ^{{cite book |title=Official Congressional Directory: 69th Congress |location=Washington DC |publisher=Government Printing Office |year=1926 |chapter=Massachusetts |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081797379?urlappend=%3Bseq=70 }}
13. ^{{citation |work=Lowell Sun |date=January 6, 2016 |title=Tradition of City's Golden Gloves |url=http://www.lowellsun.com/boxing/ci_29349761/tradition-citys-golden-gloves }}
14. ^1 2 {{cite web |url= http://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/search?c_code%5Bid%5D=&ntee%5Bid%5D=&order=revenue&q=Lowell&sort_order=desc&state%5Bid%5D=MA&utf8=✓ |publisher=ProPublica |location=New York |title=Lowell, Massachusetts |work=Nonprofit Explorer |editor1=Mike Tigas |editor2=Sisi Wei |accessdate=December 30, 2014 }}
15. ^{{cite book |title=Official Congressional Directory: 95th Congress |location=Washington DC |publisher=Government Printing Office |year=1977 |chapter=Massachusetts |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31158002391372?urlappend=%3Bseq=119 }}
16. ^{{citation |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2011/08/31/ex_lowell_official_pleads_guilty_in_bribe_case/ |title=Ex-Lowell official pleads guilty in bribe case |date=August 31, 2011 |work=Boston Globe }}
17. ^{{citation |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/17/business/company-news-wang-headquarters-auctioned-for-525000.html |date=February 17, 1994 |title=Wang Headquarters Auctioned for $525,000 }}
18. ^{{Citation |author = United States Census Bureau |title = County and City Data Book, 1983 |publication-date = 1984 |ol=14997563M |series=Statistical Abstract |location=Washington DC }}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.lowellma.gov/depts/historic-board/preserving-lowell/lowell-historic-board-history |title=Lowell Historic Board History |publisher=City of Lowell |accessdate=July 26, 2013}}
20. ^1 {{cite book |title=Directory of Historical Organizations in the United States and Canada |year=2002 |isbn=0759100020 |author= American Association for State and Local History |chapter=Massachusetts: Lowell |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=LY0Q5Rv4O3YC&pg=PA378 }}
21. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.pluralism.org/directory/index/country:US/state:MA/city:lowell |title=Lowell, Massachusetts |work=Directory of Religious Centers |author=Pluralism Project |publisher=Harvard University |accessdate=July 26, 2013}}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.lowellfolkfestival.org/faq.html |title=FAQ |work=Lowell Folk Festival |accessdate=October 4, 2012}}
23. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.lowellma.gov/community |title = Community Links |publisher = City of Lowell |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20040723065232/http://www.lowellma.gov/community |deadurl = yes |archivedate = July 23, 2004 }}
24. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url= http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/united-states/massachusetts/lowell?status=all |title=Movie Theaters in Lowell, MA |work=CinemaTreasures.org |publisher= Cinema Treasures LLC |location=Los Angeles |accessdate=December 30, 2014 }}
25. ^{{cite web |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/19981212023751/http://www.ci.lowell.ma.us/ |url= http://www.ci.lowell.ma.us/ |archivedate= December 1998 |title= Welcome to the City of Lowell, MA |via= Internet Archive, Wayback Machine }}
26. ^{{citation |work=Boston Globe |date=April 30, 2006 |title=Lowell manager's resignation may herald a power shift |via=Boston Public Library }}
27. ^{{cite web |url=http://stringprojects.org/string-projects/university-of-massachusetts-lowell/ |publisher=National String Project Consortium |location=Dallas, TX |title=University of Massachusetts, Lowell |accessdate=October 26, 2013 }}
28. ^{{cite web |publisher=Cultural Organization of Lowell |title=About Us |url=http://www.cultureiscool.org/about-us |accessdate=October 26, 2013 }}
29. ^{{citation |work=Boston Globe |date=August 5, 2001 |title=Court dance connects New England and Cambodia |via=Boston Public Library }}
30. ^{{citation |work=Boston Globe |date=December 28, 2006 |title=Lowell's new city manager rolls up sleeves |via=Boston Public Library }}
31. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.swaminarayan.info/Temples/Display.asp?CatID=4&Chapter=24 |title=Shree Swaminarayan Temple |work=Shree Swaminarayan Sampraday |publisher=International Swaminarayan Satsang Organisation |accessdate=July 26, 2013}}
32. ^{{cite book |title=Official Congressional Directory: 112th Congress |location=Washington DC |publisher=Government Printing Office |year=2011 |chapter=Massachusetts |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=fVSkbYQp6qgC&pg=PA130 }}
33. ^{{cite web |title=Meet the Mayors |publisher=United States Conference of Mayors |location=Washington, DC |url=http://usmayors.org/meetmayors/mayorsatglance.asp |accessdate=March 30, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080627104834/http://www.usmayors.org/meetmayors/mayorsatglance.asp |archivedate=June 27, 2008 |df= }}
34. ^{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/2537000.html |title=Lowell (city), Massachusetts |work=State & County QuickFacts |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=December 30, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104173010/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/25/2537000.html |archivedate=November 4, 2014 |df= }}
35. ^{{citation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/11/us/lowell-mass-fire-kills-seven-people.html |work=New York Times |date=July 10, 2014 |title=Seven Die, Including 3 Children, in Massachusetts Fire }}

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}
Published in the 19th century
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory |location=Lowell, Massachusetts |publisher=Benjamin Floyd |year=1832 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1832livo#page/n3/mode/2up }}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory |location=Lowell |publisher=Benjamin Floyd |year=1835 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1835floy#page/n19/mode/2up

}}
  • {{cite book |url=https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1840floy#page/n11/mode/2up |title=Lowell Directory |year=1840 |author=Benjamin Floyd |location=Lowell

| ref = {{harvid|Floyd|1840}}
}}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory |location=Lowell |author=William H. Prescott |publisher=Leonard Huntress, printer |year=1841 |url= https://archive.org/stream/turnerslowelldirect1841mass#page/n11/mode/2up

| ref = {{harvid|Prescott|1841}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Chapman and Hall |publication-place = London |title = American Notes |author = Charles Dickens |publication-date = 1842 |chapter=Lowell |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/americannotesfor01dickrich#page/142/mode/2up

}}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory ... 1844 |location=Lowell |publisher=Turner |year=1844 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1844livo#page/n7/mode/2up }}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory |location=Lowell |publisher=Oliver March |year=1847 |url=https://archive.org/stream/lowelldirectory00oliv#page/n9/mode/2up

}}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory |location=Lowell |publisher=Oliver March |year=1849 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowelldirectorybus00marc#page/n13/mode/2up

| ref = {{harvid|March|1849}}
}}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory |location=Lowell |author=George Adams |publisher=Oliver March |year=1851 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1851adam#page/n3/mode/2up

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = E.D. Green |publication-place = Lowell |title =Hand Book of Business in Lowell |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL6905491M/A_hand_book_of_business_in_Lowell |author = Charles Cowley |publication-date = 1856 |oclc = 9488073

| ref = {{harvid|Cowley|1856}}
}}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory ... 1858 |location=Lowell |author=Adams, Sampson & Co. |publisher=Joshua Merrill and B.C. Sargeant |year=1857 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1858merri#page/n3/mode/2up

| ref = {{harvid|Adams|1857}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = E.G. Frothingham |publication-place = Haverhill |author = Jeremiah Spofford |edition=2nd |title = Historical and Statistical Gazetteer of Massachusetts |publication-date = 1860 |chapter= Lowell |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/historicalstatis00spof#page/258/mode/2up }}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory |location=Lowell |author=Adams, Sampson & Co. |publisher=Joshua Merrill and B.C. Sargeant |year=1861 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1861merr#page/n5/mode/2up }}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory, 1866 |location=Boston |publisher=Sampson, Davenport, & Co. |year=1866 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1866merr#page/n7/mode/2up }}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory, 1868 |location=Lowell |author=Sampson, Davenport, & Co. |publisher=Joshua Merrill & Son |year=1868 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1868merr#page/n7/mode/2up

}}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory, 1870 |location=Lowell |author=Sampson, Davenport, & Co. |publisher=Joshua Merrill & Son |year=1870 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1870merr#page/n5/mode/2up

| ref = {{harvid|Sampson|1870}}
}}
  • {{cite book |title=Merrimack River Directory|location=Boston |publisher=Greenough, Jones |year=1872 |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/merrimackriverdi187273gree#page/n127/mode/2up|chapter=Lowell Business Directory

}}
  • {{cite book |title=Lowell Directory, 1875-6 |location=Lowell |author=Sampson, Davenport, & Co. |publisher=Joshua Merrill & Son |year=1875 |url= https://archive.org/stream/lowellmassachuse1876merr#page/n1/mode/2up

| ref = {{harvid|Sampson|1875}}
}}
  • {{cite book |title=Bibliotheca Americana |editor=Joseph Sabin |location= New York |year= 1878 |oclc=13972268 |volume=10 |chapter=Lowell, Mass. |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofbook10sabi#page/510/mode/2up }}
  • {{cite book |url= https://www.flickr.com/photos/mastatelibrary/sets/72157631407618110/ |title= City Atlas of Lowell, Massachusetts |author=Hopkins |year= 1879 |via=State Library of Massachusetts

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = International Pub. Co. |publication-place = New York |title = Industries of Massachusetts |publication-date = 1886 |oclc = 19803267 |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/industriesofmass00wars#page/68/mode/2up |chapter=City of Lowell

| ref = {{harvid|Industries|1886}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Vox Populi Press, S.W. Huse & Co. |publication-place = Lowell, Mass |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL14007310M/Exercises_of_the_fiftieth_anniversary_commemorative_of_the_incorporation_of_the_city_of_Lowell |title = Exercises of the Fiftieth Anniversary Commemorative of the Incorporation of the City of Lowell |publication-date = 1886

| ref = {{harvid|Anniversary|1886}}
}}
  • {{cite book |url= https://www.flickr.com/photos/mastatelibrary/sets/72157635398542120/ |title= Atlas of the City of Lowell, Massachusetts |publisher= L.J. Richards & Co. |year= 1896 |via=State Library of Massachusetts }}
  • {{Citation |publisher = G.H. Ellis |publication-place = Boston |title = The Lowell Book |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL6997495M/The_Lowell_book |publication-date = 1899 |oclc = 14177988

| ref = {{harvid|Ellis|1899}}
}}
Published in the 20th century
  • {{cite book |url= https://www.flickr.com/photos/mastatelibrary/sets/72157631421307776/ |title= Atlas of the City of Lowell, Massachusetts |publisher= L.J. Richards & Co. |year= 1906 |via=State Library of Massachusetts

}}
  • {{Citation

| title = Encyclopædia Britannica
| publication-place = New York
| publication-date = 1910
| edition=11th
| oclc = 14782424
| via=Internet Archive
|chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri17chisrich#page/76/mode/2up |chapter=Lowell
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Macmillan Co. |publication-place = New York |title = Record of a City: a Social Survey of Lowell, Massachusetts |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL13542090M/The_record_of_a_city |author = George F. Kenngott |publication-date = 1912 |oclc = 2048985

}}
  • {{cite book|author= Frederick William Coburn |title=History of Lowell and Its People |url= http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001262207 |year=1920|publisher=Lewis Historical Publishing Company |location=New York |via=HathiTrust

| ref = {{harvid|Coburn|1920}}
}}
  • {{cite book |url= https://www.flickr.com/photos/mastatelibrary/sets/72157635391358721/ |title= Atlas of the City of Lowell, Massachusetts |publisher= L.J. Richards & Co. |year= 1924 |via=State Library of Massachusetts

}}
  • {{Citation |publication-place = Boston |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |series=American Guide Series |title = Massachusetts: a Guide to its Places and People |author = Federal Writers' Project |publication-date = 1937 |chapter=Lowell |chapterurl=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015014440781?urlappend=%3Bseq=354

| ref = {{harvid|Federal Writers' Project|1937}}
}}
  • {{cite book|editor1-last=Eno, Jr.|editor1-first=Arthur L.|title=Cotton Was King: A History of Lowell, Massachusetts|publisher=New Hampshire Publishing Company|isbn=0912274611|page=190|edition=1976

| ref = {{harvid|Eno|1976}}
}}
  • {{citation |title= Lowell Cultural Resources Inventory |year=1980 |url=http://libspace.uml.edu/omeka/collection-tree }}
  • {{citation |title=Lowell Neighborhoods: Historical and Architectural Survey |year=1981 |url=http://libspace.uml.edu/omeka/collection-tree

}}
  • {{citation |work=Boston Globe |date=August 25, 1992 |title=Boom to Bust: Wang Bankruptcy Leaves Lowell Sagging Under the Weight of Recession |via=Boston Public Library

| ref = {{harvid|Boston Globe|1992}}
}}
  • {{Citation |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/ia:worldencyclopedi00kuri/World_encyclopedia_of_cities |title = World Encyclopedia of Cities |publication-date = 1994 |location = Santa Barbara, Calif. |publisher=ABC-CLIO |author=George Thomas Kurian |volume=1: North America |chapter= Lowell, Massachusetts }} (fulltext via Open Library)
Published in the 21st century
  • {{cite journal |title=Many Voices, True Stories, and the Experiences We Are Creating in Industrial History Museums: Reinterpreting Lowell, Massachusetts |author= Carolyn M. Goldstein |journal= Public Historian |volume= 22 |year= 2000 |jstor=3379583

| ref = {{harvid|Goldstein|2000}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Lonely Planet |title = New England |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL24765202M/New_England |publication-date = 2002 |edition=3rd |ol=24765202M |chapter=Around Boston: Lowell |page=172+ }}
  • {{cite book

|author= Cathy Stanton |title=The Lowell Experiment: Public History in a Postindustrial City |year=2006|publisher=University of Massachusetts Press|isbn=1-55849-547-9
| ref = {{harvid|Stanton|2006}}
}}{{refend}}

External links

{{commons category|Lowell, Massachusetts}}
  • {{cite web |publisher=Lowell Historical Society |url=http://www.lowellhistoricalsociety.org/lowell_history.htm |title=Lowell History Chronology |author1=Richard F. Leach |author2= Eileen Loucraft }}
  • Items related to Lowell, Mass., various dates (via Digital Commonwealth)
  • [https://www.loc.gov/pictures/search/?q=lowell%20Massachusetts Items related to Lowell, Mass.], various dates (via US Library of Congress, Prints & Photos Division)
  • University of Massachusetts Lowell. Center for Lowell History
  • Items related to Lowell, Massachusetts, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).
  • {{cite web |url=http://ballotpedia.org/Lowell,_Massachusetts |work=Ballotpedia |title=Lowell, Massachusetts |publisher=Lucy Burns Institute |location=Wisconsin }}

Images

{{coord|42.639444|-71.314722|type:city_region:US|display=title}}{{Middlesex County, Massachusetts}}{{MA year nav}}

2 : History of Lowell, Massachusetts|Timelines of cities in Massachusetts
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