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词条 Timeline of Muscat
释义

  1. Prior to 20th century

  2. 20th century

  3. 21st century

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. Bibliography

  7. External links

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Muscat, Oman.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

Prior to 20th century

{{History of Oman}}
  • 550 BCE - Achaemenids in power (approximate date).{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 4th century CE - Yemeni Arabs in power.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 633 CE - Regional Islamization.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1507 - City taken by Portuguese forces under command of Afonso de Albuquerque.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1522 - Uprising against Portuguese rule.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1546 - City attacked by Ottoman forces.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1552 - Capture of Muscat (1552) by Ottoman forces.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1581 - City sacked by Ottmans.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1586-1588 - Fort São João and Fort Capitan built.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}[1]
  • 1624 - Construction begins of "earthen land wall" around city.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1640 - City attacked by forces of Nasir bin Murshid.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1648 - City occupied by Persians.[2]
  • 1650 - City taken by forces of Sultan bin Saif; Portuguese ousted.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}[1]
  • 1670 - Dutch East India Company factory established.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1738 - Muscat occupied by forces of Muhammad Taqi Khan of Fars.{{sfn|Bosworth|2007}}
  • 1740s - Ahmad bin Said al-Busaidi in power.[2][3]
  • 1780s - Al Bu Sa'id capital relocated to Muscat by Hamad bin Said.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1798 - British East India Company active (approximate date).
  • 1806 - Said bin Sultan in power.[4]
  • 1820 - Muscat becomes capital of the newly formed Sultanate of Muscat and Oman.
  • 1832 - Capital of the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman relocated from Muscat to colonial Zanzibar by Said bin Sultan.{{sfn|Watson|1996}}
  • 1845 - Bait al-Falaj Fort built.[5]
  • 1856 - Thuwaini bin Said becomes sultan.
  • 1890 - "Cyclonic storm;" flooding.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1893 - Hospital established.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1894 - French consulate established.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1895 - City besieged.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}

20th century

  • 1928 - Al-Sa'idiyah School established.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1929 - Vehicular road into city built "by the hacking out of a one-lane track through the mountains."[1]
  • 1932 - Said bin Taimur becomes sultan.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1939 - Municipal council established.[6]
  • 1943 - Bombing of ship in harbor by Japanese forces.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1948 - British Bank of the Middle East branch in business.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1949 - Municipal Law for the Sultanate of Muscat and Oman issued.[6]
  • 1951 - Indian consulate established.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1952 - Population: 4,200 in town (approximate estimate).[7]
  • 1960 - Population: 5,080 in town; 6,208 urban agglomeration (approximate estimate).[8]
  • 1962 - Muttrah-Muscat road paved.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1963 - Slavery abolished.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1967 - Petroleum Development Oman headquartered in Muscat.
  • 1968 - Electric power plant commissioned in Riyam.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
  • 1970 - Qaboos bin Said al Said in power.{{sfn|Turner|2008}}
  • 1972
    • June: Muttrah and Muscat merge to form the Muscat Municipality.[6]
    • Al Alam Palace built.
  • 1973
    • Seeb Airport opens.
    • British School – Muscat established.
  • 1974
    • Port Sultan Qaboos built in Muttrah.[1]
    • Museum of Omani Heritage opens.
  • 1975
    • Office of municipality president established.[6]
    • Times of Oman newspaper begins publication.[16]
  • 1981
    • Oman Daily Observer newspaper begins publication.[16]
    • Ministry of Social Affairs and Labor[18] and Ministry of Petroleum[18] built.
  • 1984 - Muscat Governorate established.[6]
  • 1985
    • Gulf Cooperation Council meets in Muscat.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}[9]
    • Al-Bustan Palace Hotel in business.{{sfn|Peterson|2007}}
    • Oman Natural History Museum opens.[5]
  • 1986 - Sultan Qaboos University opens.[16]
  • 1987 - Royal Hospital built.[10]
  • 1988
    • Muscat Securities Market established.
    • Alwatan newspaper in publication.[11]
    • French embassy built.[10]
  • 1990 - Oman Children's Museum established.
  • 1992 - Omani French Museum established.
  • 1993
    • 40,856 in city.[16]
    • Dam{{sfn|Peterson|2007}} and Oman International Bank[10] built.
    • Oman Society for Fine Arts established.[5]
  • 1995 - Oman Oil and Gas Exhibition Centre established.
  • 1996 - National Hospitality Institute headquartered in city.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}}
  • 1998 - Bait al Zubair museum opens.

21st century

  • 2001
    • Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque built.
    • Muscat Gate Museum opens.
    • Population: 685,676 in governorate.[12]
  • 2003 - Chedi Hotel in business.[10]
  • 2006 - Bait Al Baranda (house museum) opens.  
  • 2010 - Al-Musannah Sports City opens.[13]
  • 2011
    • Protest in {{illm|People's Square (Muscat)|ar|3=ساحة الشعب}}
    • Royal Opera House Muscat opens in Shati Al-Qurm.
  • 2012 - Muscat Expressway built.[14]
  • 2013 - Fish souk rebuilt.[14]
  • 2018 - EDM producer Avicii dies in Muscat.

See also

  • Muscat history
  • List of cities in Oman (also by population, in German)
  • Old Muscat

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14654492 |author=BBC News |title=Oman Profile: Timeline |accessdate= 30 April 2015 }}
2. ^{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1921 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Oman |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=1201 }}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/oman-sea-of |title= Sea of Oman |work=Encyclopædia Iranica |author =Willem Floor |publisher= Columbia University, Center for Iranian Studies |location=New York |accessdate=30 April 2015}}
4. ^{{cite book|author=Malcolm C. Peck|title=Historical Dictionary of the Gulf Arab States|year= 2007|publisher=Scarecrow Press |location=USA |isbn=978-0-8108-6416-0 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ePXaUo-dnM4C }}
5. ^1 2 {{cite book|title=Oman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SmKZ06rH0-AC|year=2007|publisher=Petit Futé |language=French |isbn=2-7469-1641-X |chapter=Mascate |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=SmKZ06rH0-AC&pg=PA81 |page=81+ }}
6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url= http://www.mm.gov.om/Page.aspx?PAID=1#Details&MID=6&PGID=112 |title=About the Municipality: Brief History |publisher=Muscat Municipality |accessdate=30 April 2015 }}
7. ^1 {{Citation |publisher = Columbia University Press |publication-place = New York |editor = Leon E. Seltzer |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL6112221M/The_Columbia_Lippincott_gazetteer_of_the_world |ol=6112221M |title = Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World |publication-date = 1952 |page=1268 }}
8. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1980_round.htm |title=1985 Demographic Yearbook |year=1987 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=247-289 }}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.qna.org.qa/Portals/0/Public/GCC-timeline-english.pdf |title=GCC Most Prominent Decisions (timeline) |publisher= Qatar News Agency |accessdate=30 April 2015 }}
10. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{citation |title=(Muscat, Oman) |publisher=ArchNet |url= http://archnet.org |accessdate=30 April 2015 }}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.alwatan.com/graphics/2008/02feb/20.2/aboutuss.htm |title=About Us |publisher=Alwatan.com |accessdate=30 April 2015 }}
12. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|title=Europa World Year Book |year=2004|publisher=Europa Publications |isbn=978-1-85743-255-8 |chapter= Oman |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=gP_-8rXzQs8C&pg=PA3253 }}
13. ^{{cite book|series=The Report |title= Oman 2010|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=yX4waBKeOR0C |year=2010|publisher=Oxford Business Group |location=London |isbn=978-1-907065-13-2}}
14. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|title=Oman|year= 2013 |edition=3rd |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=978-1-84162-471-6 |chapter=Muscat |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=_rnxAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA71 |page=71+ }}

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}
Published in 18th-19th centuries
  • {{cite book |title=Travels through Arabia |author=Carsten Niebuhr |author-link=Carsten Niebuhr |translator= Robert Heron |translator-link= Robert Heron (writer) |location= Edinburgh |publisher= R. Morison and Son |year= 1792 |chapter= Of the Province of Oman |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015004297621?urlappend=%3Bseq=133 |quote=Maskat }}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Black, Parry & Co. |publication-place = London |title = Oriental Commerce: containing a geographical description of the principal places in the East Indies, China, and Japan |author = William Milburn |publication-date = 1813 |oclc = 6856418 |chapter=Muscat |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1hh6sn82?urlappend=%3Bseq=234 }}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown |publication-date = 1819 |publication-place = London |title = The Cyclopædia |author= Abraham Rees |chapter=Mascat |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015057241120?urlappend=%3Bseq=700 }}
  • {{cite book|author=James Horsburgh|author-link=James Horsburgh|title= India Directory: Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America|year=1852 |edition=6th |publisher=William H. Allen & Co. |location=London |via=Google Books |chapterurl = https://books.google.com/books?id=gCk6YV5AslIC&pg=PA377 |chapter= Arabia, N.E. Coast: Muscat }}
  • {{Citation |publisher = S. Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington |publication-place = London |title = Through Asiatic Turkey |author = Grattan Geary |publication-date = 1878 |oclc = 4918876 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/throughasiatict00geargoog#page/n37/mode/2up |chapter=Muscat }}
  • {{Citation |publisher = B. Quaritch |publication-place = London |author = Edward Balfour |authorlink=Edward Balfour |title = Cyclopaedia of India |edition=3rd |publication-date = 1885 |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015068611014?urlappend=%3Bseq=1025 |chapter= Muscat }}
Published in 20th century
  • {{Citation |publisher = W. & R. Chambers |publication-date = 1901 |publication-place = London |title = Chambers's Encyclopaedia |chapterurl=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t3bz6g65j?urlappend=%3Bseq=361 |chapter=Muscat }}
  • {{cite book |title=Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf |year=1908 |location=Calcutta |chapter= |url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.l0061307658 |via=Hathi Trust |author=John Gordon Lorimer |pages=1364–1425 }}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Ward, Lock & Co. |publication-place = London |title = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates |author = Benjamin Vincent |edition = 25th |publication-date = 1910 |chapter=Muscat |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776?urlappend=%3Bseq=942

}}
  • {{cite book|author= {{illm|Fred Scholz|de}} |title= Muscat, Sultanat Oman: geographische Skizze einer einmaligen arabischen Stadt |trans-title=Muscat, Sultanate of Oman: geographical sketch of a unique Arabian city |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VtIMAQAAMAAJ|year= 1990 |publisher={{illm|Das arabische Buch|de}} |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3-923446-58-2 |language=German

}}
  • {{Cite book |publisher = Routledge |isbn = 1884964036 |title = International Dictionary of Historic Places: Middle East and Africa |publication-date = 1996 |editor=Noelle Watson |location=UK |chapter=Muscat |pages=529 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6XMBAwAAQBAJ

|ref= {{harvid|Watson|1996}}
}}
  • {{cite book |author= Abdelhamid Mahmoud Hussein Nasr |title= Musqat asimat Oman |location= Irbid |year= 1997 |language=Arabic

}}
Published in 21st century
  • {{cite book |title=Historic Cities of the Islamic World |editor=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |editor-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |year=2007 |publisher=Koninklijke Brill |location=Leiden |chapter=Muscat |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=UB4uSVt3ulUC |pages=417–419

|ref= {{harvid|Bosworth|2007}}
}}
  • {{cite book|author=J.E. Peterson|title=Historical Muscat |year=2007|publisher=Brill |isbn=90-04-15266-0 |chapter=Chronology |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=gNu4_uHo7CQC |page=117+

|ref= {{harvid|Peterson|2007}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = ABC-CLIO |publication-place = USA |editor1 = Michael R.T. Dumper |editor2=Bruce E. Stanley |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa |publication-date = 2008 |chapter= Muscat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SapTk5iGDkC |pages=262–264 |author=Angie Turner

|ref= {{harvid|Turner|2008}}
}}
  • {{cite book|editor =Lawrence G. Potter|title=The Persian Gulf in Modern Times: People, Ports, and History|year= 2014 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-1-137-48577-9 |chapter=Muscat as a Port City |author=J.E. Peterson |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=tr-YBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA153 |page=153+

}}{{refend}}

External links

{{commonscat|Muscat}}
  • Map of Muscat, 1985
  • {{cite web |url= http://www.qdl.qa/en/search/site/Muscat |title=(Muscat) |work= Qatar Digital Library |publisher= Qatar National Library }}
  • Europeana. [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=what%3Amuscat&rows=96 Items related to Muscat], various dates.
{{Muscat Governorate}}

5 : History of Muscat, Oman|Timelines of cities in Asia|Oman-related lists|Years in Oman|Timelines of capitals
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