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词条 Timeline of Nice
释义

  1. Prior to 19th century

  2. 19th century

  3. 20th century

     1901-1944  1945-1990s 

  4. 21st century

     2000s  2010s 

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. Bibliography

     in English  in French 

  8. External links

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nice, France.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

Prior to 19th century

{{History of France}}
  • 262 CE - Nice taken by Goth forces.{{sfn|Overall|1870}}
  • 859 - Nice sacked by Saracens.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 880 - Nice sacked by Saracens again.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1388 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Dedication of Nice to Savoy|fr|3=Dédition de Nice à la Savoie}} effected.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1538 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Paix de Nice|fr|3=Paix de Nice|lt=Peace treaty}} signed in Nice.
  • 1543 - Siege of Nice by Turkish forces.{{sfn|Overall|1870}}
  • 1545 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Pont-Vieux, Nice|fr|3=Pont-Vieux}} (bridge) rebuilt.
  • 1561 - Italian replaces Latin as official language of Nice.
  • 1564 - Major earthquake.[1]
  • 1699 - Sainte-Réparate Cathedral built.
  • 1706 - Castle of Nice demolished.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1720
    • Nice becomes part of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
    • Medical school established.{{Citation needed|date=December 2015}}
  • 1724 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Abbaye Saint-Pons de Nice|fr}} church built.[2]
  • 1770 - Quai des Ponchettes built.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1772 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Gazette de Nice|fr}} newspaper begins publication.
  • 1780 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Route Royale Nice-Turin|fr}} paved.
  • 1783 - Cimetière du Château (cemetery) established.
  • 1784 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Chapelle du Saint-Sépulcre de Nice|fr}} built.
  • 1790 - Public library founded.[3]
  • 1792 - Conquered by French Revolutionary troops in September, annexed in November.
  • 1793
    • Nice becomes part of the Alpes-Maritimes department of France.[4]
    • Population: 24,117.[4]
  • 1800 - May: Nice occupied briefly by Austrian forces.(fr){{sfn|Haydn|1910}}

19th century

  • 1812 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Lycée Masséna|fr}} (school) opens.
  • 1814 - Nice becomes part of the Kingdom of Sardinia per Congress of Vienna.[5]
  • 1832 - 25 April: Religious {{Interlanguage link multi|Vow of Nice|fr|3=Vœu de Nice}} taken in response to cholera epidemic.
  • 1852
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Église Notre-Dame-des-Grâces|fr}} (church) built.
    • English circulating library active.[6]
  • 1854 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Jardin Albert 1er|fr}} (park) opens.
  • 1855 - Maritime trade flourishes.[7]
  • 1856 - Population: 44,091.[4]
  • 1860 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Annexation of the County of Nice to France|fr|3=Annexion du comté de Nice à la France}}.[8]
  • 1861 - Francization begins.
  • 1863 - Phare du Littoral newspaper begins publication.[9]
  • 1864 - Avenue Jean Médecin laid out.
  • 1867 - Russian Orthodox Cemetery, Nice established.
  • 1870 - Swiss and Nice Times newspaper begins publication.[10]
  • 1879
    • Horsecar tramway begins operating.
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Le Petit Niçois|fr}} newspaper begins publication.[9]
  • 1881 - 23 March: Opéra de Nice burns down.{{sfn|Haydn|1910}}
  • 1882
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Promenade of Nice|fr|3=Jetée-Promenade de Nice}} built.
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Pont-Neuf (Nice)|fr}} (bridge) demolished.
  • 1883 - L'Éclaireur newspaper begins publication.[9]
  • 1884 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Casino municipal de Nice|fr}} built.
  • 1885 - Opéra de Nice rebuilt.
  • 1886 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Synagogue de Nice|fr}} built.[2]
  • 1887 - Nice Observatory inaugurated.[2]
  • 1890 - Nice Lawn Tennis Club established.
  • 1891
    • 4 October: {{Interlanguage link multi|Garibaldi monument, Nice|fr|3=Monument à Garibaldi (Nice)}} unveiled in {{Interlanguage link multi|Place Garibaldi|fr}}.[5][11]
    • Population: 88,273.[4]
  • 1892
    • Gare du Sud built.
    • Grasse-Nice Chemins de Fer de Provence (railway) begins operating.
  • 1896 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Monument du Centenaire|fr}} erected in the Jardin Albert 1er.[11]
  • 1900 - Electric tramway begins operating.

20th century

1901-1944

  • 1901 - Population: 105,109.[4]
  • 1903 - A la mieu bella Nissa popular song written.
  • 1904
    • Gymnaste Club de Nice formed.
    • Promenade des Anglais extended.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1911 - Population: 142,940.[12]
  • 1913 - Hotel Negresco in business.
  • 1916 - Conservatory of Nice founded.
  • 1919
    • Canton of Nice-1, 2, 3, and 4 created.[4]
    • Victorine Studios of film established.[13]
  • 1927 - Stade du Ray (stadium) opens.
  • 1928 - Palais des Arts opens.[14]
  • 1929 - Palais de la Méditerranée casino opens.[2]
  • 1931 - Population: 219,549.[4]
  • 1933 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Église Notre-Dame-Auxiliatrice de Nice|fr}} (church) built.[2]
  • 1942 - 11 November: Italian occupation begins.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}
  • 1943 - 8 September: Italian occupation ends.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}
  • 1944
    • 26 May: Bombing by Allied forces.(fr)
    • 28 August: {{Interlanguage link multi|Battle of Nice|fr|3=Bataille de Nice}}.

1945-1990s

  • 1945 - Nice-matin newspaper begins publication.[15]
  • 1948 - Nice Jazz Festival begins.
  • 1954
    • Centre International de Formation Européenne headquartered in Nice.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}}
    • Population: 244,360.[4]
  • 1955 - Canton of Nice-5 and 6 created.[4]
  • 1956 - Fountain installed in the Place Masséna.
  • 1963 - Musée Matisse opens.[14]
  • 1968 - Population: 322,442.[4]
  • 1973
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Nice University Hospital|fr|3=Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nice}} established.
    • Canton of Nice-7, 8, 9, {{Interlanguage link multi|Canton of Nice-10|fr|3=Canton de Nice-10|lt=10}}, and {{Interlanguage link multi|Canton of Nice-11|fr|3=Canton de Nice-11|lt=11}} created.[4]
  • 1979 - 16 October: Weather-related 1979 Nice events occur.
  • 1981 - June: 1981 Tour de France cycling race departs from Nice.(fr)
  • 1982
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Canton of Nice-12|fr|3=Canton de Nice-12}}, {{Interlanguage link multi|Canton of Nice-13|fr|3=Canton de Nice-13|lt=13}}, and {{Interlanguage link multi|Canton of Nice-14|fr|3=Canton de Nice-14|lt=14}} created.[4]
    • Nice becomes part of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.
  • 1984 - Palais des Congrès Acropolis built.
  • 1988 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Le Standard de Nice|fr}} newspaper begins publication.
  • 1991 - Gare de Nice CP opens.
  • 1995 - Jacques Peyrat becomes mayor.
  • 1999
    • {{Interlanguage link multi|Forum d'urbanisme et d'architecture|fr}} established.
    • Population: 342,738.[4]

21st century

2000s

  • 2001 - 26 February: European Treaty of Nice signed in city.
  • 2002 - Urban community of Nice Côte d'Azur created.
  • 2008 - Christian Estrosi becomes mayor.

2010s

  • 2011
    • Metropolis Nice Côte d'Azur created.
    • Population: 344,064.[16]
  • 2013
    • Allianz Riviera stadium opens.
    • 2013 Jeux de la Francophonie held in Nice.
  • 2014 - March: {{Interlanguage link multi|Nice municipal election, 2014|fr|3=Élection municipale de 2014 à Nice}} held.
  • 2015
    • October: {{Interlanguage link multi|2015 Alpes-Maritimes flood|fr|3=Inondations d'octobre 2015 dans les Alpes-Maritimes}} occurs.[17]
    • December: Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regional election, 2015 held.[16]
  • 2016 - Terrorist attack kills at least 84 and injures 202.

See also

  • Nice history
  • {{Interlanguage link multi|History of Nice|fr|3=Histoire de Nice}}
  • {{Interlanguage link multi|List of mayors of Nice|fr|3=Liste des maires de Nice}}
  • {{Interlanguage link multi|List of heritage sites in Nice|fr|3=Liste des monuments historiques de Nice}}
  • Other names of Nice
  • {{Interlanguage link multi|Archives communales de Nice|fr}}
  • {{Interlanguage link multi|History of Alpes-Maritimes|fr|3=Histoire des Alpes-Maritimes}} department
  • {{Interlanguage link multi|Timeline of Provence|fr|3=Chronologie de la Provence}} region

Other cities in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region:

  • Timeline of Aix-en-Provence
  • {{Interlanguage link multi|Timeline of Arles|fr|3=Chronologie d'Arles}}
  • Timeline of Avignon
  • Timeline of Marseille
  • Timeline of Toulon

References

1. ^Moroni, Andrea, and Massimiliano Stucchi. "Materials for the investigation of the 1564, Maritime Alps earthquake." (1989). online
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/merimee_fr |title= Patrimoine architectural (Nice) |work= Base Mérimée |publisher= Minister of Culture (France) |location=France |language=French |accessdate= 30 December 2015 }}
3. ^{{citation |title=Encyclopædia Britannica |location=New York |edition=9th |year=1882 |volume=14 |chapter=Libraries: France |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/encyclopediabrit14newyrich#page/545/mode/1up |author1= Henry R. Tedder |author2= E.C. Thomas }} (list of cities)
4. ^10 11 12 {{cite web |url= http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=24984 |title= Notice communale: Nice |work= Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui |author= |publisher=School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences |location=France |language=French |accessdate= 30 December 2015 }}
5. ^{{Citation |publisher = Funk & Wagnalls |publication-place = New York |title = Cyclopedia of Classified Dates |author = Charles E. Little |publication-date = 1900 |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/cyclopediaofclas00littuoft#page/661/mode/1up/search/nice |chapter= France }}
6. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.nice-english-library.org/history.html |title=History |publisher=English American Library Nice |accessdate=30 January 2015 }}
7. ^Colonel Sykes, "Statistics of Nice Maritime." Journal of the Statistical Society of London 18.1 (1855): 34-73. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2338123 online]
8. ^{{cite book|author=Gino Raymond|title=Historical Dictionary of France |year= 2008|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-6256-2 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=JVIRzOWyqUAC&pg=PR36 }}
9. ^{{cite book|author=A. de Chambure|title= A travers la presse |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W287AQAAMAAJ|year= 1914|publisher=Fert, Albouy & cie. |location=Paris |language = fr }}
10. ^{{cite book|title=Die Schweizer Presse |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xxMYAAAAYAAJ|year=1896|publisher=Jent & Co. |language=German |location=Bern }}
11. ^{{cite web |url= http://www2.nice.fr/patrimoine/fontaines/ |title=Liste des Fontaines et des Statues |accessdate= 30 December 2015 |language=fr |publisher=Ville de Nice }}
12. ^{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1921 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= France: Area and Population: Principal Towns |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101072368440?urlappend=%3Bseq=896 }}
13. ^{{citation |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/13/movies/13kenn.html |title=At a French Studio, Great Ghosts and Big Plans |date= 13 May 2007 }}
14. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.culture.gouv.fr/documentation/museo/index.htm |title= (Nice) |work={{Interlanguage link multi|Muséofile|fr}}: Répertoire des musées français |language=French |publisher=Ministre de la Culture et de la Communication |accessdate= 30 December 2015 }}
15. ^{{cite web |url= http://catalog.crl.edu/search~S35?/dNice+%28France%29+--+Newspapers |title= Nice (France) -- Newspapers |publisher=Center for Research Libraries |location=Chicago, USA |work= Global Resources Network |accessdate= 30 January 2015 }}
16. ^{{citation |work=Le Monde |language=fr |title=Données du Monde: Nice |url= http://www.lemonde.fr/provence-alpes-cote-d-azur/alpes-maritimes,06/nice,06088/ |accessdate= 30 December 2015 }}
17. ^{{citation |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/04/heavy-flooding-in-french-riviera-leaves-more-than-a-dozen-people-dead |date=4 October 2015 |title=French floods: 19 feared dead after storms sweep French Riviera }}
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}

in English

  • {{cite book

|title=Edinburgh Encyclopaedia |editor= David Brewster |location=Philadelphia |publisher= Joseph and Edward Parker |year= 1832
|chapter=Nice |chapterurl=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t2x352b0z?urlappend=%3Bseq=499 }}
  • {{Citation

|publisher = A. and W. Galignani |publication-place = Paris |author = Mariana Starke |title = Travels in Europe |edition=9th
|year=1839
|chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/travelsineuropef00star#page/n118/mode/1up |chapter= Nice
}}
  • {{Cite book

|publisher = John Murray |publication-place = London |title = Hand-book for Travellers in Northern Italy |edition=10th
|publication-date = 1866
|chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/handbookfortrav07firgoog#page/n123/mode/2up |chapter=Nice
}}
  • {{Cite book

|publisher = Karl Baedeker |publication-place = Coblenz |title = Italy |edition=2nd
|publication-date = 1870
|chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/italyhandbookfor04karl#page/100/mode/2up |chapter=Nice}}
  • {{cite book

|editor= William Henry Overall |title= Dictionary of Chronology
|year=1870
|publisher=William Tegg |location=London |chapter=Nice |chapterurl=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949?urlappend=%3Bseq=618
| ref = {{harvid|Overall|1870}}
}}
  • {{Cite book

|title = The Riviera
|publication-date = 1896
|edition=9th |publisher = Adam & Charles Black |publication-place = London |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/rivieraorcoastfr00blac#page/66/mode/2up |chapter= Nice
}}
  • {{Cite book

|publisher = J. Pott |publication-place = New York |author = T. G. Bonney|title = The Mediterranean, its Storied Cities and Venerable Ruins
|publication-date = 1904
|chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/mediterraneanits00bonnrich#page/124/mode/2up |chapter=Nice |display-authors=etal
}}
  • {{cite book

|title= Nice, Beaulieu and Monaco
|series =Guides Joanne
|year =1906
|url= http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006797657
}}
  • {{citation

|title=Jewish Encyclopedia |location=New York |chapter=Nice |author= S. Kahn |volume=9
|year= 1907
|chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/jewishencycloped09sing#page/297/mode/1up
}}
  • {{cite book

|title=Practical Guide to Nice
|location=Lyon |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100499755
|series=Guides Pol

}} circa 1907

  • {{Citation

| title = Encyclopædia Britannica
| publication-place = New York
| publication-date = 1910
| edition=11th
| oclc = 14782424
| via=Internet Archive
| chapter = Nice
| chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri19chisrich#page/646/mode/1up
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
}}
  • {{Citation

|publisher = Ward, Lock & Co.
|publication-place = London
|title = Haydn's Dictionary of Dates
|author = Benjamin Vincent
|edition = 25th
|publication-date = 1910
|chapter= Nice
|chapterurl = http://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776?urlappend=%3Bseq=996
| ref = {{harvid|Haydn|1910}}
}}
  • {{cite book

|title=Catholic Encyclopedia
|chapter=Nice |author= Georges Goyau |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/catholicencyclop11herbuoft#page/48/mode/1up
|location=New York
|year=1911
}}
  • {{Cite book

|publisher = Baedeker |publication-place = Leipzig |title = Southern France |publication-date = 1914
|edition=6th |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/southernfrancein00karl#page/n781/mode/2up |chapter=Nice
}}
  • {{citation

|work=Bulletin of the New York Public Library |title= Provencal literature and language, including the local history of southern France |quote= Local history: Nice |editor=Daniel C. Haskell |url= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015035117657?urlappend=%3Bseq=921 |volume=26
|year= 1922
}}
  • {{citation

|work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/03/17/world/the-talk-of-nice-on-the-riviera-high-beauty-and-more-low-marks.html |title=Talk of Nice
|date= 17 March 1984
}}

in French

  • {{cite book

|title= Dictionnaire Bouillet
|language=French
|year=1914
|edition= 34th
|chapter= Nice
|chapterurl = http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015074817142?urlappend=%3Bseq=1378
| ref = {{harvid|Bouillet|1914}}
}}{{refend}}

External links

{{Commons category|Nice}}
  • [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=Nice+France&rows=96 Items related to Nice], various dates (via Europeana).
  • Items related to Nice, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).
{{France year nav}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}

2 : History of Nice|Timelines of cities in France

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