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词条 Timeline of Nicosia
释义

  1. Prior to 14th century

  2. 14th–18th centuries

  3. 19th century

  4. 20th century

     1960s–1990s 

  5. 21st century

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. Bibliography

  9. External links

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nicosia, Cyprus.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

Prior to 14th century

{{History of Cyprus}}
  • 7th century BCE - City-kingdom called "Ledra."[1]
  • 4th century CE - Bishopric established.[1]
  • 10th century CE - City becomes capital of island (approximate date); city called "Lefkosia."[1]
  • 1187 - Nicosia besieged by forces of Richard I of England.{{citation needed|date=March 2013}}
  • 1192
    • 11 April: Uprising against Knights Templar.
    • City becomes capital of the Kingdom of Cyprus under the French Lusignans.[1]
  • 1211 - Royal Palace of the Lusignans rebuilt.{{sfn|Baedeker|1912}}

14th–18th centuries

  • 1308 - Notre Dame de Tyre rebuilt.
  • 1326 - Agia Sofia Cathedral inaugurated.
  • 1330 - 10 November: Flood.[5]
  • 1372 - City walls built.[5]
  • 1489 - Venetians in power.[1]
  • 1491 - Earthquake.[5]
  • 1567 - Area of city reduced;{{sfn|Britannica|1910}} Venetian walls and Kyrenia Gate built.
  • 1570
    • 9 September: City besieged; Turks in power.[5]
    • 15 September: Selimiye Mosque established.[5]
  • 1572 - Büyük Han built.[1]
  • 1573 - Great Madrasah (school) built.
  • 1665 - Saint John's Cathedral built.[1]
  • 1793 - Hadjigeorgakis Kornesios Mansion built.

19th century

  • 1840 - Turks in power.[5]{{clarify|what is the meaning of this?Ottomans ruled Nicosia since 16th century.|date=June 2013}}
  • 1857 - Faneromeni School established.
  • 1859 - 29 October: Flood.[2]
  • 1863 - Rüşdiye (school) opens.[3]
  • 1872 - Faneromeni Church built.
  • 1878 - City becomes capital of British Cyprus per Cyprus Convention.[1]
  • 1882 - Christodoulos Severis becomes mayor of Nicosia Municipality.
  • 1883 - Cyprus Museum established.[4]
  • 1885 - Population: 11,513.[5]
  • 1892 - Sourp Boghos (chapel) built.

20th century

  • 1901 - Population: 14,752.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
  • 1912 - Population: 16,400.{{sfn|Baedeker|1912}}
  • 1915 - Venetian Column installed in Sarayonu Square.[1]
  • 1926 - Football Club of Greeks of Nicosia formed.
  • 1927 - Public Library of Nicosia established.[6]
  • 1931
    • Greek Cypriot Enosis unrest.
    • Olympiakos Nicosia football club formed.
  • 1933 - Criminal Museum founded.
  • 1937
    • Cyprus Folk Museum founded.
    • Government House rebuilt.
  • 1939 - Nicosia General Hospital inaugurated.
  • 1945 - Cyprus Mail English-language newspaper begins publication.
  • 1946 - Population: 34,485.[7]
  • 1948 - Athletic Club Omonia Nicosia (football club) formed.
  • 1949
    • Ledra Palace Hotel in business.[8]
    • Neos dēmokratēs newspaper begins publication.[9]
    • Nicosia Airport terminal building opens.
  • 1955 - National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters attack British properties.
  • 1956
    • Palace of the Archbishop built.
    • Fence erected between Greek and Turkish communities.{{sfn|Oktay|2007}}
  • 1958 - Nicosia Turkish Municipality established.{{sfn|Oktay|2007}}
  • 1959 - Diomedes Skettos becomes mayor.

1960s–1990s

{{see also|North Nicosia}}
  • 1960
    • City becomes capital of Republic of Cyprus.
    • Makhi newspaper begins publication.
    • Hadjigeorgakis Kornesios Mansion (museum) opens.
  • 1963
    • City divided by the Green Line.{{sfn|Oktay|2007}}
    • Central Bank of Cyprus headquartered in city.
  • 1967
    • Nicosia Municipal Theatre opens.[10]
    • 20 April: Airplane crash.
  • 1969
    • Nicosia municipal gardens laid out.
    • Cyprus Popular Bank branch opens.{{citation needed|date=March 2013}}
  • 1970 - Theatrical Organization of Cyprus established.
  • 1971 - Lellos Demetriades becomes mayor.
  • 1974
    • 15 July: 1974 Cypriot coup d'état at Presidential Palace.
    • 20 July: Turkish invasion.[11]
    • 14 August: Turks in power in northern quarter of Nicosia.
    • 16 August: Tank battle in northern quarter of Nicosia.
    • United Nations Buffer Zone established.{{sfn|Oktay|2007}}
    • United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus headquartered in Lakatamia.
    • Christoforos Kithreotis becomes mayor, succeeded by Lellos Demetriades.
  • 1975 - North Nicosia becomes capital of Turkish Federated State of Cyprus.
  • 1977
    • Nicosia International Airport commercial flights end.
    • Presidential Palace rebuilt.
  • 1978 - Makario Stadium opens.
  • 1980 - Lefkotheo sports arena and Pantheon Cineplex open.[12]
  • 1982 - Population: 180,000 (estimate).[13]
  • 1983 - North Nicosia becomes capital of Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
  • 1984 - Leventio Museum established.
  • 1985 - State Library of Cyprus opens.[6]
  • 1989 - University of Cyprus established.
  • 1994 - Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre inaugurated.[14]
  • 1995 - Museum of the History of Cypriot Coinage established.[15]
  • 1996
    • Cyprus Stock Exchange headquartered in city.
    • Cyprus Museum of Natural History inaugurated.[16]
    • Shacolas Tower built.
  • 1999 - GSP Stadium opens.

21st century

  • 2001
    • Nicosia Master Plan enacted (urban planning).{{sfn|Oktay|2007}}
    • Population: 254,032 (estimate: 206,200 Greek side; 47,832 Turkish side).{{sfn|Stanley|2008}}
  • 2002 - Kutlay Erk becomes mayor of North Nicosia.
  • 2003 - 23 April: Green Line checkpoint at Ledra Palace established.[17][18]
  • 2004
    • Cyprus International Film Festival begins.
    • 1 May: Cyprus becomes part of the European Union.
  • 2005 - Hamam Omerye Baths restored.[19]
  • 2006
    • Cemal Metin Bulutoğluları becomes mayor of North Nicosia.
    • Population: 398,293.
  • 2008
    • 3 April: Ledra Street crossing reopens.[20][21]
    • Intercultural Centre Nicosia established.[22]
  • 2011 - 15 October: Occupy Buffer Zone protest begins.
  • 2012 - 2 January: Constantinos Yiorkadjis becomes mayor.[23]

See also

  • History of Nicosia
  • List of mayors of Nicosia
  • List of mosques in Nicosia
  • Timeline of Cypriot history

References

1. ^{{Citation |publisher = Routledge |isbn = 9780415966917 |title = Medieval Islamic Civilization |editor = Josef W. Meri |publication-date = 2006 }}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Citation |publisher = Edward Stanford |publication-place = London |author1 = Joseph Turner Hutchinson |author2=Claude Delaval Cobham |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL14010779M/A_Handbook_of_Cyprus |title = A Handbook of Cyprus |publication-date = 1907 }}
3. ^{{Citation |publisher = Harrassowitz |isbn = 9783447058995 |editor=Michalis N. Michael|publication-place = Wiesbaden |title = Ottoman Cyprus |publication-date = 2009 |chapter=The Vakf Institution in Ottoman Cyprus |author= Netice Yıldız |display-editors=etal}}
4. ^{{Citation |publisher = Clarendon Press |publication-place = Oxford |author1 = John Linton Myres |author2=Max Ohnefalsch-Richter |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL7172407M/A_catalogue_of_the_Cyprus_Museum |title = Catalogue of the Cyprus Museum |publication-date = 1899 }}
5. ^{{cite book |title=Cyprus guide and directory |year=1885 |publisher=J.W. Williamson |location=Limassol |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=UnYIAAAAQAAJ }}
6. ^1 {{cite book |title=World Encyclopedia of Library and Information Services |year=1993 |edition=3rd |publisher=American Library Association }}
7. ^{{cite web |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1950_round.htm |work=Demographic Yearbook 1955 |year= |publisher=Statistical Office of the United Nations |location=New York |title=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants }}
8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{Citation |publisher = Scarecrow Press |isbn = 9780810855267 |publication-place = Lanham, Maryland, USA |title = Historical Dictionary of Cyprus |author = Farid Mirbagheri |publication-date = 2009 }}
9. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=su%3ANicosia+%28Cyprus%29+Newspapers.&qt=hot_subject |title= Nicosia (Cyprus) Newspapers |location=USA |work=WorldCat |publisher=Online Computer Library Center |accessdate=19 March 2013}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thoc.org.cy/eng/index.htm |title=Four hundred productions: A review of the plays staged by the Cyprus Theatre Organisation |accessdate=19 March 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104040936/http://www.thoc.org.cy/eng/index.htm |archivedate=4 November 2014 |df=dmy-all }}
11. ^{{citation |title=The Nicosia Battle Scene: Shells, Bombs, Paratroops |date=21 July 1974 |work=New York Times }}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cypruscinema.com/article_cinemas-in-cyprus |title=Cinemas in Cyprus |publisher=CyprusNet.com |accessdate=19 March 2013}}
13. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1980_round.htm |title=1985 Demographic Yearbook |year=1987 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=247-289 }}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nimac.org.cy/en/history |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103041627/http://www.nimac.org.cy/en/history |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2012-11-03 |title=Nicosia Municipal Arts Centre |location=Lefkosia |publisher=Pierides Foundation }}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.boccf.org/ |title=Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation |accessdate=19 March 2013}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.natmuseum.org.cy/museum2-en.html |title=Cyprus Museum of Natural History |publisher=Photiades Natural Museum |accessdate=19 March 2013}}
17. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2969089.stm |title=Emotion as Cyprus border opens |publisher=BBC News |date=2003-04-23 |accessdate=2012-07-21}}
18. ^{{cite web |title=Nicosia Journal; On a Severed Street in Cyprus, the Healing Begins |date=9 May 2003 |work=New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/05/09/world/nicosia-journal-on-a-severed-street-in-cyprus-the-healing-begins.html }}
19. ^{{cite web |url= http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1977 |title= Nicosia District |author= ArchNet.org |publisher= MIT School of Architecture and Planning |location= Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA |accessdate= 19 March 2013 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://archive.is/20130414062330/http://archnet.org/library/places/one-place.jsp?place_id=1977 |archivedate= 14 April 2013 |df= dmy-all }}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7327866.stm |title=Symbolic Cyprus crossing reopens |publisher=BBC News |date=3 April 2008 }}
21. ^{{cite web |title=Edging Closer in Cyprus’s Divided Capital |date=18 May 2008 |work=New York Times |url= http://travel.nytimes.com/2008/05/18/travel/18journeys.html }}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.eukn.org/Dossiers/EU_presidencies/Cyprus_Presidency/Intercultural_Centre_Nicosia |publisher=European Urban Knowledge Network |title=Intercultural Centre Nicosia |accessdate=19 March 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130414184231/http://www.eukn.org/Dossiers/EU_presidencies/Cyprus_Presidency/Intercultural_Centre_Nicosia |archivedate=14 April 2013 |df=dmy-all }}
23. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nicosia.org.cy/english/viografikoEN.shtm |title=Constantinos Yiorkadjis |publisher=Nicosia Municipality |accessdate=19 March 2013 }}
This article incorporates information from the Turkish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

{{Refbegin}}
Published in 19th century
  • {{Citation |publisher = S. Converse |publication-place = New Haven |author1 = Jedidiah Morse |authorlink1=Jedidiah Morse |author2=Richard C. Morse |title = A New Universal Gazetteer |publication-date = 1823 |edition= 4th |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/newuniversalgaze00morsrich#page/532/mode/1up |chapter= Nicosia

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = W.H. Allen |publication-place = London |title = Cyprus, Historical and Descriptive |author1 = Franz von Löher |author2=Mrs. A. Batson Joyner |publication-date = 1878 |oclc = 156001455 |chapterurl= https://archive.org/stream/cyprushistorical00lohe#page/n43/mode/2up |chapter=Nikosia

}}
  • {{cite book |title=Bradshaw's Monthly Continental Railway, Steam Transit, and General Guide, for Travellers Through Europe |publisher=Adams & Sons |year= 1887 |chapter=Nicosia |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=w3dKAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA649 |location=London

}}
Published in 20th century
  • {{Citation

| title = Encyclopædia Britannica
| publication-place = New York
| publication-date = 1910
| edition=11th
| oclc = 14782424
| via= Internet Archive
|chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri19chisrich#page/664/mode/2up |chapter =Nicosia
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Karl Baedeker |publication-place = Leipzig |title = Palestine and Syria |edition =5th |publication-date = 1912 |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=BykoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA406 |chapter =Nikosia

|ref= {{harvid|Baedeker|1912}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = M. Graham Coltart |publication-place = Kilmacolm, Scotland |author = A. O. Green |title = Cyprus: a Short Account of its History and Present State |publication-date = 1914 |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/cyprusshortaccou00greeiala#page/n109/mode/2up |chapter=(Nicosia)

}}
  • {{cite book |author=A.L. Salvator |year=1983 |title= Levkosia: The capital of Cyprus |location= London |publisher= Trigraph

}}
  • {{cite journal |author=R. Zetter |year=1985 |title=City profile: Nicosia |journal= Cities |volume= 2 |doi=10.1016/0264-2751(85)90059-9

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Moufflon Book and Art Centre |publication-place = Nicosia, Cyprus |author = Kevor Krikor Keshishian |title = Nicosia, Capital of Cyprus Then and Now |publication-date = 1990 |edition=2nd

}}
  • {{cite journal |author=B. Mumtaz |year=1998 |title=Revitalising Nicosia: A community- based approach to urban renovation |journal= Trialog |volume= 58

}}
Published in 21st century
  • {{citation |author1=G. Constantinides |author2=G. Ozen |year=2004 |title=Nicosia Master Plan - New Vision for the Core of Nicosia: Final Report |location= Nicosia |publisher= UNDP-UNOPS Programme Management Unit

}}
  • {{cite journal |journal=GMJ: Mediterranean Edition |volume=1 |year= 2006 |title=Nicosia after 1960: A River, A Bridge and a Dead Zone |author=Yiannis Papadakis |url=http://liminalzones.kein.org/node/41

}}
  • {{cite journal |title=An Analysis and Review of the Divided City of Nicosia, Cyprus, and New Perspectives |author=Derya Oktay |journal= Geography |volume= 92 |year= 2007 |publisher=Geographical Association |location=UK

|ref= {{harvid|Oktay|2007}}
}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://liminalzones.kein.org/ |title=Liminal Zones: the Nicosia Seminar |year=2008 |publisher=Republic of Cyprus, Council for Reconstruction and Resettlement

}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = ABC-CLIO |publication-place = Santa Barbara, USA |editor2 = Michael R.T. Dumper |editor1=Bruce E. Stanley |chapter=Nicosia |title = Cities of the Middle East and North Africa |publication-date = 2008 |isbn=9781576079195 |page=275+ |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SapTk5iGDkC

|ref= {{harvid|Stanley|2008}}
}}
  • {{cite book |editor=Kiran Klaus Patel |title= Cultural Politics of Europe: European Capitals of Culture and European Union Since the 1980s |year= 2013 |publisher=Routledge|isbn=9780203081082 |chapter= Lefkosia/Lefkosa: Europeanisation and the politics of culture in a divided city |author=Gisela Welz |page=198+ |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U-tOe01KSAAC

}}{{refend}}

External links

{{commons category|History of Nicosia}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.lefkosia.org.cy/english/lefkosia_istoria.shtm |title=History of Nicosia |publisher=Nicosia Municipality }}
  • Europeana. [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=nicosia&rows=96 Items related to Nicosia], various dates.
  • Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Nicosia, various dates
{{Years in Cyprus}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}

5 : History of Nicosia|Timelines of cities in Europe|Timelines of cities in Asia|Cyprus history-related lists|Timelines of capitals
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