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词条 Timeline of Łódź
释义

  1. Prior to 19th century

  2. 19th century

  3. 20th century

     1900s-1940s  1950s-1990s 

  4. 21st century

  5. See also

  6. References

  7. Bibliography

     in English  in other languages 

  8. External links

{{Quote box |width=23em |align=right |title_bg=#E1EAF5
|title=Timeline of the Łódź history
Affiliations
|fontsize=90% |quote={{flagicon image|Alex K Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg}} Kingdom of Poland 1300s–1569
{{flagicon image|Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg}} Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569–1793
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1803-1892).svg}} Kingdom of Prussia 1793–1807
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Duchy of Warsaw.svg}} Duchy of Warsaw 1807-1815
{{flagicon image|Flag of Russia.svg}} Russian Empire 1815–1916
{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland.svg}} Kingdom of Poland 1916–1918
{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland.svg}} Republic of Poland 1918–1939
{{flagicon image|Flag of German Reich (1935–1945).svg}} Third Reich 1939–1945
{{flagicon image|Flag of Poland.svg}} People's Republic of Poland 1945–1989
{{flag|Republic of Poland|1848}} 1989–present
}}

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Łódź, Poland.

{{Dynamic list}}{{TOC right}}

Prior to 19th century

See also: {{illm|Timeline of Łódź (to 1820)|pl|Kalendarium historii Łodzi (do roku 1820)}}{{History of Poland}}
  • 1793
    • Town becomes part of South Prussia.
    • Population: 190.{{sfn|Flatt|1853}}

19th century

See also: {{illm|Timeline of Łódź (1821-1918)|pl|Kalendarium historii Łodzi (1821–1918)}}
  • 1806 - Town joins the Napoleonic Duchy of Warsaw.
  • 1815 - Town becomes part of Russian client state Congress Poland per Congress of Vienna.
  • 1820 - Antoni Czarkowski becomes mayor.
  • 1824 - Lodka settlement developed.{{sfn|Popławska|1986}}
  • 1827 - K.F. Wendisch factory in business.{{sfn|Popławska|1986}}
  • 1828 - Slazaki settlement developed.{{sfn|Popławska|1986}}
  • 1829 - Population: 4,273.{{sfn|Flatt|1853}}
  • 1837 - Ludwig Geyer factory in business.{{sfn|Popławska|1986}}
  • 1839 - White Factory built.
  • 1852 - Industrialist Karl Scheibler in business.
  • 1860 - Population: 31,500.[1]
  • 1861 - Stara Synagogue built.
  • 1863 - Lodzer Zeitung German-language newspaper begins publication.
  • 1866 - Koluszki-Łódź railway begins operating.{{citation needed|date=November 2013}}
  • 1867 - Congress Poland becomes part of the Russian Empire.
  • 1868 - Łódź Fabryczna railway station built.
  • 1872 - Moscow-Łódź railway begins operating.{{sfn|Popławska|1986}}
  • 1878 - Manufaktura textile mill built.
  • 1881
    • Great Synagogue built.
    • Population: 49,592.[2]
  • 1884 - Alexander Nevsky Cathedral built.
  • 1888 - Karl Scheibler's Chapel built.
  • 1892 - Izrael Poznański factory built.
  • 1897 - Population: 314,780.[1]
  • 1899 - Hazomir Choral Society founded.[3]
  • 1900 - Population: 351,570.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}

20th century

1900s-1940s

See also: {{illm|Timeline of Łódź (1918–1939)|pl|Kalendarium historii Łodzi (1918–1939)}}, {{illm|Timeline of Łódź (1939–1945)|pl|Kalendarium historii Łodzi (1939–1945)}}, {{illm|Timeline of Łódź (1945–1989)|pl|Kalendarium historii Łodzi (1945–1989)}}
  • 1901 - Krzemiński cinema active.[4]
  • 1902 - Łódź Kaliska railway station built.
  • 1904 - Ezras Israel Synagogue built.
  • 1905 - 21–25 June: Łódź insurrection.
  • 1910 - Widzew Łódź football club formed.
  • 1914
    • 11 November: Battle of Łódź begins near city.[5]
    • December: Germans in power.
  • 1915 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Bałuty|pl}} becomes part of city.[6]
  • 1918 - City becomes part of Poland.[7]
  • 1920 - Catholic Diocese of Łódź established.
  • 1922 - City becomes capital of Łódź Voivodeship (province).
  • 1925 - Łódź Airport opens.
  • 1930
    • Stadion Widzewa (stadium) opens.
    • Municipal Museum of History and Art inaugurated.[8]
  • 1931 - Museum of Ethnography established.[9]
  • 1939
    • 6–8 September: Battle of Łódź; Germans in power.
    • 12 October – 4 November: City becomes seat of Nazi German General Government of occupied Poland.
    • November: City becomes part of the German Reich.
    • City renamed "Litzmannstadt."{{citation needed|date=November 2013}}
    • Łódź Ghetto formed.
  • 1945
    • 17 January: City taken by the Soviet Army.
    • Łódź University of Technology and Public Academy of Arts established.
    • Dziennik Łodzki newspaper begins publication.[10]
  • 1948 - National Film School in Łódź established.

1950s-1990s

See also: {{illm|Timeline of Łódź (1945–1989)|pl|Kalendarium historii Łodzi (1945–1989)}}, {{illm|Timeline of Łódź (since 1989)|pl|Kalendarium historii Łodzi (od roku 1989)}}
  • 1957 - Russkiĭ Golos newspaper begins publication.[11]
  • 1958 - Łódź Heat Power Stations commissioned.
  • 1960 - Central Museum of Textiles established.
  • 1967 - Grand Theatre opens.[12]
  • 1968 - Ballet festival begins.[12]
  • 1973 - National choreographic competition begins.[12]
  • 1974 - Population: 784,000.[13]
  • 1975
    • Stadion ŁKS (stadium) built.
    • Museum of the City of Łódź active.[14]
  • 1981 - Protest against food shortage.

21st century

See also: {{illm|Timeline of Łódź (since 1989)|pl|Kalendarium historii Łodzi (od roku 1989)}}
  • 2002
    • Jerzy Kropiwnicki becomes mayor.
    • Population: 785,134; province 2,612,900.[10]
  • 2004 - Łódź Biennale active.[15]
  • 2006 - Manufaktura shopping mall opens.
  • 2008 - Open-air Museum of the Łódź Wooden Architecture established.
  • 2009 - Arena Łódź opens.
  • 2010 - Hanna Zdanowska becomes mayor.

See also

  • Łódź history
  • {{illm|History of Łódź|de|Geschichte der Stadt Łódź}}
  • List of mayors of Łódź
  • List of years in Poland

References

1. ^1 {{Citation |publisher = Macmillan Company |publication-place = New York |author = Adna Ferrin Weber |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL24341630M/The_growth_of_cities_in_the_nineteenth_century |title = Growth of Cities in the Nineteenth Century |publication-date = 1899 |series=Studies in History, Economics and Public Law }}
2. ^{{cite book |title=Statesman's Year-Book |year=1885 |location=London |publisher= Macmillan and Co.|chapter= Russia |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433081590469?urlappend=%3Bseq=448 }}
3. ^{{cite book|editor=Donna M. Di Grazia|title=Nineteenth-Century Choral Music |year= 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-98852-0}}
4. ^{{cite book|author=Sheila Skaff|title=The Law of the Looking Glass: Cinema in Poland, 1896-1939 |year=2008|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=978-0-8214-1784-3}}
5. ^{{cite book|author1= Stephen Pope |author2=Elizabeth-Anne Wheal|title=Dictionary of the First World War|year= 1995 |publisher=Macmillan |isbn=978-0-85052-979-1 |chapter=Select Chronology |chapterurl= https://books.google.com/books?id=fOrNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA523 }}
6. ^{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204004905/http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Lodz |deadurl=yes |archivedate=2013 |url= http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Lodz |title= Lodz |work=Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe |publisher=Yivo Institute for Jewish Research }}
7. ^{{Citation |publisher = G. & C. Merriam Co. |publication-place =USA |title = Webster's Geographical Dictionary |url = http://openlibrary.org/books/OL5812502M/Webster's_geographical_dictionary |publication-date = 1960 |ol= 5812502M }}
8. ^{{cite book|author=Jesús Pedro Lorente|title=Museums of Contemporary Art: Notion and Development |year=2011|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-1-4094-0587-0}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.maie.lodz.pl/about/english |title=History of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Łódź |publisher=Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi |accessdate=30 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131116234716/http://www.maie.lodz.pl/about/english |archivedate=16 November 2013 |df= }}
10. ^1 {{cite book |title= Europa World Year Book 2004 |ISBN=1857432533 |publisher=Taylor & Francis }}
11. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=su%3AŁódź+%28Poland%29+Newspapers.&qt=hot_subject |title= Lodz Newspapers |location=USA |work=WorldCat |publisher=Online Computer Library Center |accessdate=30 November 2013}}
12. ^1 2 {{cite book|editor=Don Rubin|title=World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre |volume=1: Europe |year=2001 |publisher=Routledge|isbn=9780415251570 |chapter=Poland |page=634+ }}
13. ^{{cite book |url= https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/1970_round.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook 1975 |year=1976 |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office |location=New York |chapter=Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants |pages=253–279 }}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.muzeum-lodz.pl/pl/muzeum/o-nas/historia-muzeum |title=Historia Muzeum |language=Polish |publisher=Muzeum Miasta Łodzi |accessdate=30 November 2013}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://culture.pl/en/search/site/lodz |title=Culture.pl |publisher=Adam Mickiewicz Institute |location=Warsaw |accessdate=30 November 2013}}

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Polish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

  • {{citation |title=Jewish Encyclopedia |location=New York |chapter= Lodz |volume=8 |year= 1907 |chapterurl= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/osu.32435029752870?urlappend=%3Bseq=179 }}
  • {{Citation

| title = Encyclopædia Britannica
| publication-place = New York
| publication-date = 1910
| edition=11th
| oclc = 14782424
| via=Internet Archive
|chapterurl =https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri16chisrich#page/862/mode/1up
|chapter =Łódź
| ref = {{harvid|Britannica|1910}}
}}
  • {{Citation |publisher = Karl Baedeker |publication-place = Leipzig |title = Russia, with Teheran, Port Arthur, and Peking |publication-date = 1914 |oclc = 1328163 |chapter=Lodz |chapterurl=https://archive.org/stream/russiawithtehera00baed#page/5/mode/1up

}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Popular Interest in the Municipal Elections of Łódź, Poland |author= Zygmunt Gostkowski |journal= Public Opinion Quarterly |volume= 23 |year= 1959 |jstor=2746388 | doi = 10.1086/266889

}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Working Class Traditions in Łódź |author= Bronislawa Kopczynska-Jaworska |journal= Urban Anthropology |volume= 12 |year=1983 |jstor=40553010

}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Poland's Manchester: 19th-Century Industrial and Domestic Architecture in Łódź |author1= Irena Popławska |author2= Stefan Muthesius |journal= Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians |volume= 45 |year=1986 |jstor=990093

| ref = {{harvid|Popławska|1986}}
}}

in other languages

  • {{cite book |title= Opis miasta Łodzi: pod względem historycznym, statystycznym i przemysłowym |trans-title=Description of Łódź: historical, statistical and industrial |author=Oskara Flatt |language=Polish |location=Warszawa |publisher=Drukarni gazety codziennej |year= 1853 |url= http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/009794999

| ref = {{harvid|Flatt|1853}}
}}
  • {{citation |author=O. Flatt |title=Łódź |work= Tygodnik Illustrowany |volume= 13 |year=1866 |number= 330 |pages= 28–31 |language=Polish

}}
  • {{cite book |title=Die Baumwollindustrie im Lodzer Industrierayon 1823-1903 |author=Alfred Scholz |language=German |year=1904 |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/010264178 |location=Breslau |publisher=R. Nischkowsky }}
  • {{cite book |author=F. Bielschowski |title= Die Textilindustrie des Lodzer Rayons |location= Leipzig |year= 1912 |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/010301080 |language=German }}

External links

{{Commons category|Łódź}}
  • {{cite web |url=http://en.uml.lodz.pl/city/history/ |title= History |publisher=City of Łódź }}
  • Europeana. [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search.html?query=lodz&rows=96 Items related to Łódź], various dates.
  • Map of Łódź, 1967
{{Years in Poland}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Timeline of Łódź}}

2 : History of Łódź|Timelines of cities in Poland
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