| 词条 | Tom Crutchfield |
| 释义 |
Early lifeBefore becoming interested in reptiles, Tom was a carpet salesman.[1] Work with reptilesCrutchfield is well known for his work with reptiles. In 1981, he purchased the first documented amelanistic Burmese python from a Thai dealer, for $21,000 USD, after seeing the animal featured in a 1981 edition of National Geographic magazine. He then partnered with Bob Clark to produce the first captive-bred albino Burmese pythons from that animal.[4] He also produced the first albino Iguana iguana and supplied reptiles to movies such as Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom and Raiders of the Lost Ark.[5] Reptile smugglingIn 1992 Tom was charged with illegally importing reptiles. The charge had little effect on business as that same year he imported sixteen Gaboon vipers and fourteen Burmese pythons via the Montgomery Zoo.[6] Later, in 1995, Tom was convicted a second time, of illegally smuggling Fiji Banded Iguanas into the United States.[9] The case was tried in district court after complaints that the prosecutor's dissection of Penny Crutchfield's, Tom's wife, sexual behavior was irrelevant in a case about illegally importing iguanas.[7] In 1997, US Marshals and the US Fish and Wildlife Service, under Operation Chameleon, informed Tom that he was under investigation for wildlife smuggling for the third time.[1] In the 1997 charge, he was accused of conspiring with two German nationals, Wolfgang Kloe and Frank Lehmeyer, and a Japanese national, Kei Tomono, to illegally import over 200 reptiles and amphibians, including Madagascar tree boas, Madagascar ground boas, as well as a species of turtles, all species under the protection of CITES.,[9] Tom immediately fled to Belize, but he was extradited back to the US by officials there.[1] Crutchfield was sentenced to 30 months in prison.[8] Of his 1992-1999 smuggling activity, Tom stated that he was "guilty because I'm guilty."[9] 2011 shootingIn March 2011, Tom's business partner and the owner of the snake farm property, Bruce Stephenson, arrived on the property with a gun and barricaded himself inside one of the buildings on the property. SWAT team members responded to the situation and initiated a standoff. Tom was grazed by a bullet, and the situation ended when gunfire ceased and an armed body was found inside the building.[10][11] References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web | url=http://channel.nationalgeographic.com/channel/locked-up-abroad/episodes/snakes-on-a-plane/ | title=Snakes on a Plane | publisher=National Geographic | accessdate=January 9, 2014}} 2. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.amazon.com/The-Lizard-King-Passions-Smugglers/dp/B003XU7WGY | title=The Lizard King: The True Crimes and Passions of the World's Greatest Reptile Smugglers | publisher=Amazon | accessdate=January 9, 2014}} 3. ^{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iEBEehYsUSYC&dq=tom+crutchfield&source=gbs_navlinks_s | title=Stolen World | author=Jennie Smith|publisher=Random House|year=2011}} 4. ^{{cite book|author1=Michael E. Dorcas|author2=John D. Willson|title=Invasive Pythons in the United States: Ecology of an Introduced Predator|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6KkFcpAHGl8C&pg=PA122|year=2011|publisher=University of Georgia Press|isbn=978-0-8203-3835-4|pages=122–123}} 5. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.reptilesmagazine.com/Whos-Who/Herpetologist-Tom-Crutchfield/ | title=Who's Who in Reptiles: Tom Crutchfield | publisher=Reptiles | accessdate=January 9, 2014}} 6. ^{{cite book|author=Alan Green|title=Animal Underworld: Inside America's Black Market for Rare and Exotic Species|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B6adylJwNWYC&pg=PA79|date=7 March 2006|publisher=PublicAffairs|isbn=0-7867-3683-6|page=79}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.animallaw.info/cases/causfd26f3d1098.htm |title=United States v. Crutchfield |publisher=Animal Law |date=1973-03-03 |accessdate=2014-01-10}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/1999/April/140enr.htm |title=#140: 04-16-99 REPTILE SMUGGLER SENTENCED FOR TRAFFICKING IN RARE SPECIES |publisher=US Department of Justice |date=1999-04-16 |accessdate=2014-01-10}} 9. ^{{cite book|title=Chelonian Conservation and Biology: Journal of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group and International Bulletin of Chelonian Research|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O_DzAAAAMAAJ|year=1998|publisher=Chelonian Research Foundation|page=372}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kingsnake.com/blog/archives/446-SWAT-Standoff-at-Crutchfield-Reptiles.html |title=SWAT Standoff at Crutchfield Reptiles |publisher=Kingsnake |date= |accessdate=2014-01-10}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://miami.cbslocal.com/2011/03/31/homestead-reptile-farm-site-of-srt-standoff/ |title=Homestead SRT Standoff Ends, Man Found Dead Inside Home |publisher=CBS Miami |date=2011-03-31 |accessdate=2014-01-10}} External links
5 : Smugglers|American herpetologists|People from Homestead, Florida|Year of birth missing (living people)|Living people |
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