| 词条 | Tom Jefferson (epidemiologist) |
| 释义 |
| name = | image = | birth_date = | birth_place = | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | citizenship = | nationality = | fields = | workplaces = {{plainlist|
}} | education = {{plainlist| }} | known_for = | awards = | spouse = | children = }}Tom Jefferson is a British epidemiologist, based in Rome, Italy,[1] who works for the Cochrane Collaboration. Jefferson is an author and editor of the Cochrane Collaboration's acute respiratory infections group, as well as part of four other Cochrane groups.[2] He is also an advisor to the Italian National Agency for Regional Health Services.[2] In 1999 Jefferson was one of the founding members of the Brighton Collaboration along with Harald Heijbel, Ulrich Heininger, and Elisabeth Loupi.[3] He has worked on Cochrane reviews examining the effectiveness of the anti-viral oseltamivir and the influenza vaccine.[4] Notable workIn 2009 Jefferson was hired by the governments of Britain and Australia to update a systematic review of oseltamivir.[4] Initially he had a great deal of trouble getting results of the original trials.[4] Previous researchers had published trials without seeing the underlying data and it appeared that some of the published papers used ghost writers.[4] As the company, Roche, that did the trials refused to provide data for independent analysis, their conclusions in 2009 were that benefits could not be shown.[4] In 2011 Jefferson's team was provided 22,000 pages of data from the European Medicines Agency and Roche eventually provided 3,000 pages of data.[4] In 2012, Jefferson was the lead author of another Cochrane review of this data which concluded that oseltamivir did not reduce the number of hospitalizations caused by influenza. Jefferson said that this review also found no evidence that oseltamivir stopped complications from the disease.[5] His views about the effectiveness of influenza vaccines and his outspokenness about them are also controversial; at a 2007 meeting on pandemic preparedness he was shunned by other vaccine researchers and ate alone.[1] Reviews led by Jefferson have concluded that there is insufficient evidence to show that influenza vaccines reduce mortality or infection rates.[6] He has said that the studies claiming large reductions in mortality rates as a result of the influenza vaccine are "rubbish",[1] and that "influenza vaccines are about marketing and not science".[7] He has called repeatedly for placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials to prove the efficacy of flu vaccines, a position that most in the field hold as unethical.[1] His views on flu vaccines are opposed by the medical establishment.[1] Publications
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web | url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2009/11/does-the-vaccine-matter/307723/ | title=Does the Vaccine Matter? | work=The Atlantic | date=1 November 2009 | accessdate=8 December 2014 | author=Brownlee, Shannon}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Jefferson, Tom}}2. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://www.cochrane.org/features/spotlight-cochrane-acute-respiratory-infections-review-group | title=Spotlight on the Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections Review Group | work=Cochrane Collaboration | date=17 August 2011 | accessdate=8 December 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=BRIGHTON COLLABORATION MILESTONES|url=https://brightoncollaboration.org/public/who-we-are/our-story.html|website=https://brightoncollaboration.org|accessdate=14 March 2015}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/30/business/breaking-the-seal-on-drug-research.html?pagewanted=all | title=Breaking the Seal on Drug Research | work=New York Times | date=30 June 2013 | accessdate=8 December 2014 | author=Thomas, Katie}} 5. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/01/18/researchers-claim-inadequate-research-to-support-anti-influenza-drug/ | title=Researchers claim inadequate research to support anti-influenza drug | work=Fox News | date=18 January 2012 | accessdate=8 December 2014 | author=Grush, Loren}} 6. ^{{cite web | url=http://content.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1967306,00.html | title=Do Flu Vaccines Really Work? A Skeptic's View | work=Time | date=27 February 2010 | accessdate=8 December 2014 | author=Harrell, Eben}} 7. ^{{cite web | url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/oct/05/government-wrong-nasal-spray-vaccine | title=Is the government wrong about giving children the nasal spray flu vaccine? | work=The Guardian | date=5 October 2014 | accessdate=25 January 2015 | author=Dillner, Luisa}} 5 : British epidemiologists|20th-century births|Year of birth missing (living people)|Living people|Cochrane Collaboration people |
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